Nws yog kev lom zem los mus taug kev los ntawm cov ntoo thuv hav zoov - siab, thiab muaj cov kab pins ntawm cov pines nce, ntsuab crown soothingly soothingly saum toj no, cua puv nrog cov tsis hnov tsw ntawm Pine koob. Pine hav zoov muab ib tug neeg muaj ntoo thiab kua txig, nws tuav cov av ua ke nrog nws cov hauv paus hniav thiab ua kom cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, thiab nws cov cua zoo. Pine hav zoov pacifies, coj kev thaj yeeb thiab kev xyiv fab rau lub plawv. Muaj cog ntau lub pines hauv koj lub tsev hauv lub teb chaws, koj tsim tau ib lub me me ua rau lub pas dej me me kom so thiab so, thiab nws tsis txaus siab thaum koj cov pines muaj kev tsim txom. Ntxiv nrog rau hluav taws thiab ntau yam kab mob, ib qho ntawm cov kev hem thawj yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kab kab tsuag. Cov kab tsuag yog pine sawflies.
Kev piav qhia thiab hom
Pine sawflies yog kab uas muaj rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Hymenoptera. Lawv khwv tau npog tag nrho cov cheeb tsam uas ntoo thuv hlob thiab cov ntoo uas muaj zog. Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau txaus ntshai pests ntawm Pine hav zoov. 
Cov txiv neej poj niam thiab txiv neej zoo li cov yoov los yog qhwv, lawv txawv ntawm txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov tsos, raws li txoj cai lawv tsis pub noj txhua los yog pub rau nectar. Lub ntsiab kev puas tsuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm larvae uas zoo li caterpillars, uas yog vim li cas lawv feem ntau xa mus rau raws li caterpillars.
Cov Pine sawflies, ntau thiab liab ntoo thuv sawflies yog cov feem ntau cov kab tsuag ntawm peb hav zoov, cov tsiaj no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo sib xws.
Nws tseem yuav pab tau koj kom paub yuav ua li cas nrog rau cov kabmob xws li weevil kab laum, cov kabmob kua txig, ntoo, vog, shielding, hares, vipers, golden-eyed, thrips, liab kab, nplooj ntoo, Cockchaus, daus, mealybug, Cycadata, whitefly, kiviski .
Ordinary
Cov Neeg Laus: Tus poj niam muaj lub cev sib npaug, qhov xim nws txawv ntawm liab mus rau lub teeb daj, lub taub hau yog dub, muaj cov xim dub rau ntawm lub cev, mus txog ntev ntawm 10 hli. Tus txiv neej yog me tshaj tus poj niam, lub cev thinner, qhov xim yog xim dub, lub antennae yog fluffy.
Lawv nyiam nyob hauv hav zoov hav zoov, tab sis pom muaj ntau yam ntoo thuv thiab tov hav zoov. 
Qe - oval, greenish, txog li 1.5 mm, nteg nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los lub Pine koob, them rau sab saum toj nrog greenish-xim av ua npuas ncauj.
Larvae - lub Kab Tsuag Zog. Xim - los ntawm daj ntseg kom greenish, nyob rau ntawm lub cev dub dub saum toj ntawm txhua ceg, loj hlob mus 2.8 cm. Cia zes, txav mus los thiab tsiv.
Lub pupa yog nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom cylindrical cocoon ntawm grey, xim av xim av lossis xim av, hais txog 1 cm.
Koj puas paub? Tus ntoo thuv pomfly yog thawj zaug nyob rau hauv 1758 los ntawm tus tsim ntawm hom kev cais tawm, Carl Linney ua Diprion pini. Auburn tau piav nyob rau hauv 1785 tias Neodiprion sertifer, Fabkis zoologist Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire.
Redhead
Cov Neeg Laus: Tus poj niam yog puag ncig, lub cev yog xim liab, ncav lub sijhawm ntev li 9 mm. Cov txiv neej yog me dua, txog li 7 hli, lub cev thinner, xim yog dub nciab, lub antennae yog pinnate. Cov vaj tse zoo li cov hom qub dhau los. 
Cov qe yog cov qe, yellowish-white.
Cov kab no yog xim dub, lub taub hau yog xim dub, muaj lub teeb nraub qaum nrog nraub qaum rau ntawm ob sab, sab nrig ntawm ob sab, dub nrog ib sab ntug dej, loj hlob mus txog 2.5 cm Tus cwj pwm zoo ib yam li ib qho sawfly.
Tus pupa yog nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom cylindrical cocoon ntawm xim daj-xim. Lus hauv no teb hauv pem teb hav zoov kom txog thaum tawm mus.
Koj puas paub? Parthenogenesis yog tus cwj pwm ntawm cov pojniam ntawm liab ntoo thuv sawfly. - muaj peev xwm tsim tau lawv tus kheej lawv tus kheej, tsis muaj cuaj caum. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsuas yog kab caug tshwm.
Lub neej puag ncig nta
Nyob rau hauv hom pomfly, ib los yog ob tiam neeg loj hlob hauv ib xyoos, nyob ntawm txoj kev tuaj yeem, thawj tus neeg yuav siv thaum xaus lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov, qhov thib ob yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm qhov nruab nrab mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. 
Tus poj niam tsa ib zaug ntawm 8 rau 35 lub qe, rau hauv cov kev txiav nws ua rau rab koob, thiab npog lawv nrog lub tais tawv nqaij kom txuag. Koob, raws li txoj cai, xyoo tas los, feem ntau nyob rau saum lub hau. Tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm 20 hnub, lub qe tsim, thiab larvae muaj los ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv 3-4 hnub.
Cov kab mob nyob hauv cov pab pawg coob, noj tawm thiab loj tuaj. Nyob ntawm seb qhov kub txhua hnub, lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub larvae yog los ntawm 25 hnub ntawm + 26 ° C mus rau ob lub hlis tom + 10 ° C. Tom qab noj tag, lub larvae tsim ib tug cocoon thiab pupate.
Thawj lub cim yog nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb, txoj kev loj hlob tsuas yog 6-12 hnub, lub cim thib ob tsiv mus rau tom hav zoov pem teb, qhov twg nws winters. Cov neeg laus feem ntau raug tuaj tawm ntawm tus menyuam nyob ib ncig ntawm tav su.
Nyob rau hauv liab ntoo thuv sawfly, tsuas yog ib tiam hlob nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo, lub sij hawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lig lub caij ntuj sov thiab thaum ntxov Autumn. Tus poj niam nteg qe ntawm koob hauv cov kauj ruam ntawm 1.5 hli, nruab nrab, txog 100 lub qe raug tsim ntawm tua, thiab thaum lub sij hawm kis mus txog 10,000 ntawm ib tsob ntoo. 
Qe loj hlob nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Larvae coj zoo ib yam li cov sawshies zoo tib yam. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob yog nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub, txij 30 hnub ntawm + 27 ° C mus rau ib nrab thiab ib nrab lub hlis ntawm + 13 ° C. Lub larvae nyob rau hauv lub cocoon dag nyob rau hauv lub koob ntawm hauv pem teb hav zoov mus txog rau Lub yim hli ntuj, ces pupate.
Lawv hibernate ob leeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug larvae nyob rau hauv ib tug cocoon, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qe.
Ua kom mob
Pine sawfly larvae devour lub koob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm loj luam, tus ceg yog densely dotted nrog larvae, ib los yog ob tug ib koob. Cov tub ntxhais hluas larvae devour lub koob nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntug, tawm tsuas yog lub leeg ntawm leeg thiab apex, thaum lub koob shrivel, ntswj thiab tig daj.
Cov laus larvae noj koob kom tiav, mus rau hauv av. Thaum txoj kev loj hlob, ib larva noj mov ntawm 30 mus rau 40 koob, cov hluas thiab cov laus. Vim li ntawd, qhov saum ntawm pines qhuav li, cov ntoo qeeb lawv txoj kev loj hlob, tsis muaj zog, uas ua rau cov kab mob thiab nyob nrog nrog kev sib tw. 
Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus muaj hnub nyoog li 30 xyoo, cog qoob loo ntau dua, nrog huab cua sov, qhuav thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov thaum ntxov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov ntoo thuv sawfly tsis yug ntawm cov ntoo thin-pine xws li Siberian Pine thiab Weymouth Pine, txij li cov poj niam tsis tuaj yeem nteg qe ntawm lawv cov koob. Crimean ntoo thuv tseem muaj tsawg dua rau tua los ntawm kab no.
Tswj kev ntsuas
Yog tias tsim nyog muaj tshwm sim, muaj kev sib ntxiv ntawm ntau yam kab tsuag. Sib ntaus Pine sawflies nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb cuab ntxhiab thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv hav zoov yog heev problematic, nws muaj peev xwm yuav thov kho mechanical, tshuaj lom los yog kev lom neeg.
Hauv hav zoov
Cov teeb meem ntawm cov kab uas muaj tsob ntoo yog txiav txim siab visually los ntawm tus lej qe menyuam raws cov pob zeb, lawv cov pov tseg thiab cov cocoons hauv cov hav zoov hauv pem teb. 
Mechanical ntsuas: Nyob rau tom hav zoov, tshem cov larvae los ntawm ceg manually yog hardly realizable. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas yuav tsum tau thov yog kev tsim ntawm lub nplhaib-cuab rau ntawm cov txwv uas tiv thaiv tau cov laib los ntawm nqis thiab nkag ntawm tsob ntoo mus rau tsob ntoo.
Rings tuaj yeem ua nplaum los yog tua tau thaum lub fais qhwv nrog ib daim ntaub nrog ib tus neeg sawv cev tsim nyog.
Kev ntsuas tshuaj: Thaum loj ceev ntawm pine sawflies raug kuaj pom, raws li nrog kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov koob ntawm cov ntoo, nws yog qhov zoo los mus tua lawv cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cov ntoo muaj kev kho mob uas siv tshuaj tua kab mob uas ua ke nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog kev sib raug zoo, tua ob qhov sib txuas nrog cov kab thiab cov zaub mov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom siv ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob thaum ua haujlwm. 
Cov tshuaj nram qab no raug pom zoo:
- Aktara - nquag muaj - thiamethoxam;
- Creocide Pro, Arrivo-cypermethrin;
- Vermitek - abamectin;
- Fufanon, Novaktion - Malathion;
- Inta-Vir, Actellic - pyrimiphos-methyl.
Pine sawfly yog zoo cuam tshuam los ntawm xws li kev npaj biological: Fitoverm, Lepidotsid, Bitoksibatsillin, Lepidobaktsid.
Kev lom neeg kuj muaj xws li "Akarin", "Glyocladin", "Bi-58", "Albit", "Gaupsin", thiab "PhytoDoctor".Cov seem kev lom neeg muaj feem xyuam rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Nyob rau lub vaj teb cuab ntxhiab
Yog hais tias ntoo thuv sawfly nyob hauv lub teb chaws, nws tuaj yeem siv rau tib qhov kev ntsuas kev ntsuas xws li tom hav zoov, tab sis hauv kev faib ua feem rau qhov kev xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem yuav muab ntxiv uas tsis muaj feem xyuam rau hav zoov vim qhov ntsuas ntawm kev cuam tshuam.
Mechanical: Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog rau manually sau lub larvae los ntawm cov ceg thiab lub pob tw, los yog khob lawv nrog ib tug muaj zog kwj ntawm cov dej. Larvae yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm hauv av, thiab khawb cov av nyob rau hauv cov ntoo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txaus ntshai, lub sawfly larvae tsim ib qho tshuaj lom uas ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj tiv thaiv tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los mus sau lub larvae nyob rau hauv looj hnab looj tes.Txheeb Lawm: Hauv koj lub teb chaws, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj tua pej xeem sib txawv, qhov nto moo tshaj plaws uas yog ib qhov kev siv tshuaj tua kab ntawm qej, haus luam yeeb infusion nrog tov thiab lws suav saum.
Sau nrog ib tug dej ntawm 250 gram ntawm cov khoom muag xaiv thiab tawm rau ib hnub thaum lub cev kub. Txiav, npaj txuam ntxiv mus rau ib lub thoob dej thiab tshuaj tsuag cov ntoo.Yuav kom tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kab tsuag, nws yog pom zoo rau cog txiv lws suav nyob ze ntawm lub pines, lawv tsis hnov tsw detox lub sawfly. Nrog tib lub hom phiaj, koj tuaj yeem txuas nyiam cov yeeb ncuab ntawm cov sawfly, xws li ntsaum thiab noog cov noog, los ntawm qhov tso cov chiv los yog luring qab zib.
Tshuaj lom neeg tsis txawv ntawm cov neeg siv hauv hav zoov. Cov ntoo tuaj yeem kho nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm carbofos los yog chlorophos (10 g ib 10 l dej).
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Pine Sawyer hlub sov, qhuav, qhib hav zoov. Nce vaum ua rau kab mob thiab tuag ntawm kab tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws muaj ntau tus yeeb ncuab ntawm ntuj: cov noog, cov ntsaum loj, cov kab thiab cov kab mob phem, tus tswv tsev ntawm kab mob uas muaj kab mob. 
Tag nrho cov no yog siv hauv hav zoov rau kev tiv thaiv.
Thaum tsim tsob ntoo, nws tsim nyog ua kom lawv sib xyaws, hloov pines nrog thaj chaw ntawm cov ntoo uas txiav txim siab, tusyees cog, tsis muaj khoob khoob khawm, khoob khoob khoob khawm thiab cov plastering. Edges yuav tsum tau ua kom tuab, nrog cov nplaum nplov. Sandy xau tsis nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nitrogen yuav tsum tau enriched by cog perennial lupins.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tshawb xyuas cov ntoo thiab lub litter qab rau lawv rau cocoons thiab pupae. Tiv thaiv thiab txhawb kev sib kis ntawm anthills, nyiam nrog kev pab ntawm feeders, insectivorous noog.
Txhawb txoj kev kis tus kab mob parasitic kab - taw thiab phom leej. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm lawv yog rau cov Pine sawfly. Yog li, tetrastihus yog parasitic on qe, thiab microelectron, Gambrus yog parasites ntawm larvae nyob rau hauv cocoons. 
Nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb, kev tiv thaiv txoj kev yog yooj yim. Thaum cog Pine tsis tas yuav tsum tau ze rau txhua lwm yam. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau kev soj ntsuam cov ntoo, ntxuav cov koob poob, koob ceg ntoo, nroj tsuag thiab khawb av hauv lawv. Cog txiv lws suav. Attraction ntawm noog thiab ntsaum.
Nyob rau hauv qhuav kub huab cua, koj muaj peev xwm nce lub humidity ntawm heev dej ntawm cov ntoo, nws tseem yuav txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm nres los ntawm Kab Tsuag.
Txawm hais tias pine sawfly yog ib qho kev hem thawj rau pine forests, tab sis nrog kev tiv thaiv kom zoo ntawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws nres yog zoo heev txo, thiab qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub hav zoov, raws sij hawm kom paub thiab ceev kev ntsuas mus rau nws pab kom pine forests noj qab nyob zoo thiab zoo nkauj.
