Npua yog muab faib ua nqaij, roj nplaum thiab nqaij npuas kib. Elite breeds ntawm npua, uas muaj peev xwm muab ib qho loj txaus ntawm lean, lean nqaij, koom rau ntawm qeb ntawm nqaij sawb.
Lawv kuj txawv hauv ib txheej roj nyias hauv qab tawv nqaij. Tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov breeds ntawm npua yog landrace. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ntau loj xav tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Western lub teb chaws, tab sis kuj peb breeders tiag tiag nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav muab ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm lub yug ntawm npua Landrace nrog cov duab, thiab zoo li xam seb yuav ua li cas yug cov tsiaj txhu thiab kev saib xyuas rau lawv.
Yam ntxwv thiab yam ntxwv ntawm tus tsiaj
Landrace yog ib tug nyiam heev yug ntawm npua. Nws tau bred cia li los ua qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov nqaij, tsis muaj rog.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Landrasov yog bred los ntawm yug me nyuam Danish npua thiab loj dawb lus Askiv. Nws tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Denmark thaum pib xyoo 20th. Qhov loj dawb npua rau kev hla tau xaiv tsis yog lub caij nyoog, tab sis vim yog qhov tseeb tias nws muaj qib siab sab nraud thiab cov khoom tsim nyog.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias purebred npua muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem loj. Cov no muaj xws li qaug zog zis thiab wiggling rov qab vim tias tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hind ceg. Yuav ua kom cov tsiaj muaj ntau dua thiab ua tau zoo, cov tsiaj yug cog qoob loo kuj yug Homrace nqaij npuas tsiaj nrog lwm hom tsiaj.
Yog tias peb tham txog kev muaj peev xwm, lub zog hauv lub cev, kev ua haujlwm rau kev ntxhov siab, thiab cov yeeb yam ntawm cov tsiaj, ob lub tebchaws uas muaj ob lub tebchaws muaj qis tshaj lawv cov ceg tawv ntshiab. 
Tsos
Cov tsiaj txhu ntawm cov tsiaj no sib txawv los ntawm lwm tus neeg hauv lawv lub cev, nrog rau cov tseem ceeb hauv cov nqaij. Lub cev lawv muaj ntev thiab elongated, torpedo-puab.
Lub taub hau me thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub caj dab ntsej muag. Sab nraub qaum yeej ncaj, thiab lub hauv siab nqaim. Daim tawv nqaij yog nyias thiab pinkish. Tag nrho lub cev ntawm thaj av npua npog npog muaj tsawg thiab muag muag ntawm cov xim dawb.
Lub nqua ntawm cov tsiaj txhu yog ntawm qhov ntev ntev. Noj qab nyob zoo npua yeej ib txwm txav thiab txav ceev ceev los ntawm lub pigsty. Ib qho txawv tshwj xeeb, uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis nco qab thaum piav txog landas yug ntawm npua, yog lub pob ntseg ntev. Lawv txawm hover tshaj qhov muag ntawm tus tsiaj.
Kawm yuav ua ib lub tsev npua li cas.
Qhov no yog ib qho loj npua npua. Cov txivneej tuaj yeem loj hlob txog ob meters ntawm qhov ntev, thiab qhov nkag ntawm lawv lub hauv siab tib lub sij hawm ncav ib thiab ib nrab ntawm cov metres. Raws li rau sows, lawv feem ntau tsis loj ntev tshaj 1.6 m, lub girth ntawm lawv lub hauv siab yog tseem mus txog 1.5 m.
Cov khoom zoo
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua kom thaj av npua tau pom zoo los ntawm ntau tus tswv teb. Xws li tsiaj tsis sau roj ntau. Ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo dua kuj yog ceev cov protein ntau synthesis, uas muaj kev siv rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg.
Lawv tau nce txog 700 g ntawm ib hnub, uas lawv muaj peev xwm ntsuas txog 20 kg ntawm lub hnub nyoog ob lub hlis. Rau ib qho nruab nrab ntawm rau lub hlis, koj muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 100 kg ntawm hnyav ntawm tus tsiaj.
Xws li hnyav nce thiab tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob ntawm npua heev ho txuag nyiaj txiag ntawm razvodchiki uas yog siv rau pub, thiab yog li ntawd, nce qib ntawm profitability.
Ib tug neeg laus boar yuav hnyav txog 270-310 kg, sow landras yug - txog 200 kg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, txawm tias zoo li no qhov hnyav, cov tsiaj txhu muaj kev nquag thiab txawb.
Ntawm cov nqaij npuas tsiaj, Landrace npua yog suav tias yog ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom tsim tau. Yog hais tias koj sib piv cov nqaij thiab qhov tuab ntawm cov hlab plawg, ces raws li cov ntsuas no, lawv yog 2-5% siab dua lwm hom tsiaj. 
Cov tsiaj no suav tias yog cov neeg muaj plab heev, vim lub teb chaws qhuav tuaj yeem ua tau 10-12 tus txiv pob zeb nyob ntawm ib zaug. Tib lub sij hawm, nws muaj ib co tsim kev xav rau kev ua niam ua txiv thiab nws yog ib qho zoo ntawm theem pib ntawm milkiness.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev tsim tau zoo yog ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev mob zoo. Hauv kev txiav txim rau cov npua kom sai sai, loj tuaj thiab nce phaus, lawv yuav tsum tau muab lub chaw sov so thiab qhuav, nrog rau kev noj haus zoo. Tib yam yuav tsum tau muab rau lub sows thiaj li hais tias lawv muab loj offspring.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv npua thaum yuav
Yog tias koj npaj yuav khaws ob hom tsiaj hauv koj lub tsev ua liaj ua teb, ces nws tsis pom zoo kom coj ob tug npua. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb, pib ntawm lub hlis thib tsib, cov poj niam yog tsiv mus rau hauv kev yos hav zoov. Lawv cuam tshuam txhua lwm, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm fattening.
Xaiv ib tug npua rau yuav, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau nws fatness. Hais txog lub zog ntawm cov kevcai, thiab lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm npua yuav qhia rau ib tus zoo lub cev, cov pob txha muaj zog thiab muaj lub siab khov.
Cov tawv nqaij yuav tsum yog tus npliag thiab ywj siab, thiab cheeb tsam kom txaus yuav tsum tam sim no. Lub bristle ntawm ib tug noj qab haus huv npua yuav tsum yog silky, lub Tail yog qhuav thiab huv si. 
Qhov qis los yog me ntsis curved profile ntawm lub snout tuaj yeem qhia txog lub zog ntawm caj qaum, tom qab yuav tsum yog convex me ntsis, hauv siab - tob thiab dav. Cov nquab yuav tsum tau muaj zog heev thiab teem caij sib txoos; qhov ko taw yuav tsum ci ntsa iab thiab huv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tshaj qw qw heev, qis rov qab, nrog rau cov ceg thiab cov ceg plaub hau yog cov cim ntawm cov tsiaj qus ntawm tus tsiaj lub cev.
Raws li kev fatness, nws yuav tsum zoo heev, tiam sis tsis ntev li ntawm. Attendance tseem ceeb yog tus mob ntawm lub ntsws ntawm tus tsiaj. Yog piglets hnyav thiab nquag ua pa, hnoos lossis hawb pob, ces qhov no qhia tau hais tias mob ntsws. Noj nqaij npua pa nqus, tsis hnoos thiab hawb pob.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug piglet yog nyob qhov hnyav. Thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm 3-4 lub lis piam, ib txwm tsim npua yuav tsum kwv yees txog 5-7 kg, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7-8 lub lis piam - 14-18 kg.
Tsis tas li ntawd ib qho zoo kos npe ntawm ib tug zoo-tsim tsiaj yog lub loj ntev ntawm nws lub cev. Nws yog ntev ntev npua uas yuav loj hlob ceev thiab loj dua. 
Tej zaum koj yuav xav nyeem txog cov tsiaj qus xws li: karmal, petren, liab-siv, Hungarian mangalitsa, Nyablaj vislobryukhaya, downy mangalitsa, dyurok, mirgorodskaya.
Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev raug txim
Landrace npua yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv ib qho sov thiab tas li qhuav npuaj. Yuav tsum tsis muaj drafts, thiab kub tsis tau poob qis dua 20 degrees. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau hloov lub litter, uas yuav tsum huv si, tshiab thiab ib txwm qhuav.
Yog tias tsiaj txhu hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov maum me me, ces koj tuaj yeem khaws lawv hauv cov hangars siv tshuab Canadian (tsis txhob hloov qws). Cov tub ntxhais hluas ua rau lawv mob siab kom txo qis dua, txias thiab qoob.
Yog li, yog hais tias koj yuav ua kom zoo li no ib tug npua ntawm npua, koj yuav tsum npaj rau qhov tseeb tias lawv yuav tsum them nyiaj ntau heev.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them tus nqi rau ib tus neeg, vim nyob hauv cov neeg coob coob thiab cov neeg coob coob npua yuav maj mam loj hlob thiab feem ntau raug mob. Yog li ntawd, rau ib tug boar, koj yuav tsum faib txog 6 square metres ntawm qhov chaw, thiab rau ib tug sow - txog 4 square metres.
Nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev soj ntsuam kom txaus teeb pom kev zoo: tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm lub qhov rais yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ib nrab ntawm thaj av. 
Koj puas paub? Npua tsis hws. Lawv muaj qee cov hws qis heev. Cov kabmob ntawm cov tsiaj no tsis tuaj yeem muaj peevxwm ntawm qhov dej txias vim yog lub cav, xws li, piv txwv, tib neeg lub cev. Ib tug npua yuav zoo siab nce rau hauv dej, tab sis raws li koj paub, tsis muaj leej twg zoo siab nrog lub pas dej rau nws. Tias yog vim li cas tsiaj nce mus rau hauv cov av nkos, yog li tos rau midday tshav kub.
Tsiaj zov tsiaj
Yuav kom ib tug neeg ua liaj ua teb tsis tuaj yeem ntsib cov kab mob tsiaj txhu, lawv txoj kev tuag, thiab tsis tau profitability ntawm yug me nyuam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib qho ntawm cov cai thiab cov tswv yim hauv txoj kev ua kom cov neeg ploj npua.
Txhaj tshuaj
Txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm yuav khoom ntawm npua, koj yuav tsum thov los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom ib daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm tus kws kho tsiaj. Yuav tsum tas yog ib lub cim uas hais tias prophylactic txhaj tshuaj tau nqa tawm. Yog hais tias tus npua nyob ncaj qha rau lawv tus kheej ua liaj ua teb, ces txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm raws li hauv qab no:
- nyob rau hnub peb ntawm lub txiv neej piglet, lawv yuav tsum nkag mus rau qhov ntshav siab, uas tiv thaiv cov tsiaj los ntawm colibacillosis thiab salmonellosis. Kuj tau txais cov vitamins thiab cov yeeb tshuaj, sib txuas cov hlau;
- Thaum cov npua yuav yog ib nrab thiab ib nrab lub hlis, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kab mob leptospirosis, kev soj ntsuam xya hnub nruab nrab ntawm cov txheej txheem;
- nyob rau hauv ob lub hlis ntawm lub neej, cov tsiaj txhu yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm tsam erysipelas;
- thaum muaj peb hli nyoog yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob plague.
Tu cev
Txawm tias cov stereotipypes, npua yog heev fond ntawm huv. Yog tias koj khaws cia rau hauv ntub dej thiab qias, ces muaj ib qho kev pheej hmoo loj heev ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob helminth, pasteurellosis thiab sarcoptosis. Tias yog vim li cas nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis tu ncua lub cwj mem, thiab me me npua da dej ntxiv rau hauv dej sov so.
Teeb pom kev zoo, kub
Teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov microclimate txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm cov tsiaj phooj ywg. Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias lub tebchaws yug tsiaj txhu yog rhiab siab thiab qis tshaj tawm.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau ua kom nyob hauv tus cwj mem qhov nruab nrab cua txias ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 degrees. Raws li kev teeb pom kev zoo, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom neeg tsim thiab cov teeb ci.
Yog hais tias nws yog ib qho zoo rau kev kho hom hom teeb pom kev zoo, nws yuav ua tau kom cov ntshav sib tov ntawm npua, zoo li nce qib ntawm lawv tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob.
Taug kev
Ntxiv dua thiab, Cov tsiaj nyeg hauv thaj av yog ib qho nqaij npuas thiab ua npua. Thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov, thaum muaj huab cua tsis zoo, lawv yuav tsum tau npaj caij khiav ncig thaj chaw taug kev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav muaj cuab yeej kho tau nrog khawb thiab da dej. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Landrace piglets yuav tsum tau da dej thiab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm hais tias lawv cov kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim tau zoo, thaum tsis muaj kev txhaj tshuaj, cov tsiaj no feem ntau yuav mob.
Yuav noj dab tsi
Yog xav tau cov nqaij npuas zoo, koj yuav tsum ua kom cov tsiaj txhu noj kom zoo. Lub ntim txhua hnub ntawm cov khoom noj yuav tsum muab faib ua ob pluas noj, thiab nyob rau lub caij ntuj no nws pom zoo kom noj cov npua peb zaug.
Nws kuj yog tsim nyog teev tias qhov tshaj ntawm qhov kev noj haus ntawm kev muab kev pab cuam tuaj yeem ua rau tsim muaj ntau dua subcutaneous rog, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau dilute lub neej pub rau npua nrog coarse: noj mov, bran, quav nyab.
Rau cov tsiaj nyeg Landrace yuav yog cov tseem ceeb tshiab zaub, keeb kwm, silage. Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw yog mus muab tshiab zaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nettles thiab clover, raws li tau zoo raws li taub dag.
Raws li rau cov tub ntxhais hluas npua, lawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas xwm yeem thiab, yog tias muaj cov cim qhia tias qhov hnyav nce tsis txaus, muab rau lawv pub mis ntxiv. 
Koj puas paub? Kev npau suav ntawm kev ntxhiab tau sib tw ua rau muaj kev ntxhab siab. Li ntawd, Fabkis siv no feature ntawm npua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nrhiav truffle nceb, uas loj hlob ntawm ib lub tob ntawm 10-16 cm nyob rau hauv cov av. Niaj hnub no, kawm npua yog cov zoo hnoos cov khoom tawg, tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Case thiab yug me nyuam ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj
Thaum twg lub sow yuav hnov liab redness nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos, koj yuav tsum xav txog xaiv ib tug npua rau yug tsiaj txhu.. Tom qab tag nrho, yog hais tias nyob rau hauv cov teb ua ke nyob rau hauv npua yug me nyuam, kev tshawb rau boars rau mating yuav tsis yog ib qho teeb meem, ces nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm domestic yug ntawm cov tsiaj, koj yuav tsum xav txog kev nrhiav rau lawv ua ntej.
Sov plob hav zoov mus li ob hnub. Rau kev vam meej tso cai ntawm mating ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm no yug, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab ib tug sow nrog ib tug boar 2-3 lub sij hawm. Thawj mating yuav tsum tau muab los siv 10 xuab moos tom qab thawj zaug ntawm cov muaj siab xav pom nyob rau hauv lub sow, ib sab tom ntej - ze li 12 teev tom qab thawj ib.
Ib lub noob uas npaj txhij rau interbreed feem ntau qis qis rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm npog nws nrog ib tug boar. Ua li ntawd, yog tias nws tsis cia nws nyob rau hauv, spins, ces qhov no yog ib qho kos npe tias txoj kev hla kev.
Ib txhia razvodchiki, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog inexperienced, paub qhov xav tau rau ob ua rau kev ua mating, tawm boar thiab sow nyob rau tib cwj mem los yog tawb. 
Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua qhov no, raws li ntau txoj kev hla kev sib txawv yog ib yam tsis zoo ntawm cov npaj piglets. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus txheej txheem ntawm mating yuav tsum tau zoo saib, txij li thaum lub sij hawm xws li ib lub sij hawm xws li npua yog heev nruj, vim hais tias ntawm uas lawv muaj peev xwm puas kev puas tsuaj rau txhua lwm thiab qhov txhab. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov npua loj loj.
Mating yuav muab xam tias muaj kev vam meej yog, tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam tom qab nws, lub sow tsis pom cov cim qhia ntawm kev tua tsiaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb teev hais tias qhov muaj ntawm ib tus ntoo khaub lig uas tsis tau sib koom ua ke tsis yog vim li cas thiaj li pib noj cov laj thawj rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tua neeg ntxiv.
Yog ua tsis tau yog vim muaj cov pluag tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav yog lub sij hawm tsis ncaj ncees mus hla, thaum sow tsis tau npaj txhij rau mating.
Qhov feem ntau ua rau tsis sib haum mating yog depletion ntawm ib tug npua los yog nws cov nyhav tshaj. Koj tuaj yeem rov sim dua, tab sis nrog lwm tus npua teb. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom ua raws li kev noj haus ntawm cov tsiaj, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaib plab.
Raws li rau piglets, youngrass npua yog heev xav tau, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los tsim cov zoo rau lawv. Farrowing nyob rau hauv no yug yog heev nyuaj, yog li tus breeders yuav tsum yeej ib txwm npaj kom pab tau lub sow. 
Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yug, piglets yog yug 114 hnub tom qab mating tau npaum li cas qhov chaw. Piglet qhov ceeb thawj yog li 1.5-2 kg.
Cov txiv neej tom qab yug me nyuam yuav tsum tau so qhuav, muab cov kab mob qis qis, nrog rau kho qhov mob ntawm lub cev nrog xuas tshuaj iodine. Tom qab hais tias tus npua yuav tsum tau pw ntawm ib lub huv thiab qhuav litter, thiab ib lub teeb ntsa tom ntej ntawm nws yuav tsum tau teem kom npua tsis khov.
Cov menyuam mosliab yuavtsum tau coj mus rau lub txiv mis ntawm lub sow thawj thawj xuab moos tom qab kev sibntsib. Ua tsaug rau colostrum, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj yuav nce.
Nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej, npua yuav tsum tau pub tshwj rau tus kheej ntawm sow lub mis nyuj haus. Cov neeg tsis muaj zog yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm niam lub txiv mis thawj hauv plab, vim muaj ntau cov mis muaj.
Piglets yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ke nrog leej niam, tiam sis tus cwj mem yuav tsum muab faib ua ob seem. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua nws thiaj li hais tias sow tsis accidentally zuaj nws cov me nyuam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tebchaws yug tsiaj txhu yog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhawj xeeb, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem ua kev sib ceg rau hauv lawv tus kheej cov menyuam thiab txawm noj lawv. 
Rau cov av piglets, ob qho tib si kev tu me nyuam thiab kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb heev. Pub plab hlaub rau lawv niam yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav txhua txhua ob rau peb teev.
Raws li koj tau pom, cov txheej txheem kev tu cov av npua muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb heev. Koj yuav tsum tau them ntau lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm thiab kev rau siab rau txoj kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov tsiaj txhu. Tab sis khoom zoo kiag li them tag nrho cov nqi. Thiab txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb yuav muaj peev xwm kawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev saib xyuas tsiaj.
