Grapes yog ib tug heev berries, yuav luag tag nrho cov gardeners loj hlob nws. Muaj ntau hom qee zaus ua rau nws nyuaj xaiv.
Yog hais tias koj xav mus noj mov rau thaum ntxov Sweet berries, ces them sai sai rau lub raisin. Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog dab tsi muab Grape Zest, muab ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Qhov ntau yam tau muab ua tsaug rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Ukrainian Grape Lub koom haum "Magarach". Nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tw ntau yam Chaush thiab Cardinal. Nws lub npe muaj npe hu ua XVII-241.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab cog pruning yog tsis pom zoo - lub nroj tsuag yuav tsum siv paus thiab hloov.Lub npe ntawm ntau yam tsis yog lo lus. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nrog ib tug ntev nyob twj ywm ntawm berries ntawm Bush, lawv tsis tshaj-ripen thiab rot: lawv shrink me ntsis thiab resemble raisins nyob rau hauv tsos.
Loj tag nrho ntawm grapes yog zus nyob rau hauv Moldova, Ukraine thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm Russia. Txoj kev nyab xeeb sov yog kev zoo siab rau ntau yam, thiab rau lub caij ntuj no koj yuav tsum tau siv nws lub tsev. 
Ntau yam piav qhia
Txhua yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, txawv tsos. Xav txog ib qho kev qhia ntxaws txog qhov tseem ceeb.
Bushes
Qhov ntau yam yog characterized by vigorous shrubs uas muaj zoo-ripening tua. Lub foliage yog loj, ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm functionality, shrubs muaj poj niam paj.
Bunches
Qhov ntau yam muaj nruab nrab cov kab nrig, qhov hnyav ntawm ib qho tuaj yeem ncav tau li 800 g, tab sis ntau zaus nws yog 400-600 g. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov loj loj, loj tshaj plaws, muaj xim daj-xim liab, qhov nyhav ib cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog 10-12 g Thaum qaws, koj tuaj yeem mloog cov nyom ntawm cov kua txig. Nws muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm kua txiv. Qhov ntau yam muaj ib tug qab ntxiag grape tsw. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov suab thaj hauv cov kua txiv yog 16-18%.
Yog koj xav noj koj cov khoom noj nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab, koj yuav tsum faj seeb rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub rooj noj mov - Bazhen, Hloov Pem Hauv Paus, Lily ntawm lub Hli, Augustine, Ruslan, Sphinx, Monarch, Hauv Nco Negrulya, Talisman, Gala, Bagrovy, Harold, Arcadia.
Yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab
Peb xav kom paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntau yam.
Tawm
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab cog hom txiv hmab hauv lub cuab ntxhiab, npaj rau qhov tseeb tias koj tuaj yeem hle tau thawj cov khoom qoob loo hauv 3-4 xyoo.
Koj puas paub? Grapes muaj li yuav luag tib yam nutrient pes tsawg li mis nyuj haus.Txhua xyoo cov nqi ntawm qhov sau yuav nce. Thaum xub thawj, ib Bush yuav tsim 2-3 kg ntawm berries, tab sis tom qab ob peb xyoos, tom qab cov cai ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev kho mob, koj yuav tau sau 7-8 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush.
Gestation lub sijhawm
Lub ripening ntawm grapes pib 100-115 hnub tom qab lub buds Bloom. Kwv yees li ntawm lub sijhawm no pib thaum pib ntawm lub yim hli ntuj.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Cov qib Raisin tsis txawv hauv siab ua haujlwm siab. Nws nrog rau siab tsis qis dua-15 ° C. Ib qho yuav tsum tau ua rau bushes kom ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no feem ntau yog lawv qhov chaw.
Txoj cai cog seedlings
Nws yog tsim nyog los cog lub seedlings thaum ruaj sov huab cua yog tsim thiab cov av warms txog li 10-15 ° S. Xaiv ib thaj av uas muaj ntau cov as-ham thiab cov zaub mov, tsis zoo cov av tsis haum rau Raisin.
Los ntawm cog ib tug ntau yam nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug av, cov foliage yuav me me nyob rau hauv loj, lub berries yuav tsis ripen. Ua ntej cog lub cuttings, lawv moistened nyob rau hauv ib tug paus-sib sau daws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob cog cov txiv hmab nyob ze cov vaj tse - ntau yam xav tau cov tshav ntuj, thiab txhua lub tsev yuav thaiv cov nquag khiav.Qhov deb ntawm seedlings yuav tsum 3.5-4 m, raws li ntau yam yog vigorous. Nyob rau ntawm no deb, tua thiab keeb kwm yuav loj hlob feem ntau. Yog hais tias yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv kab, qhov deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yuav tsum 5-6 m.
Tom qab cog tiav lawm, ib qho kev txhawb nqa raug tso rau qhov uas yuav cia tus tua kom loj hlob raws li siab xav thiab tsim dawb.
Kev kho mob nta
Zoo li tej nroj tsuag, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Xav seb yam haujlwm twg thiaj li muaj nqis.
Watering
Rau qhov qub kev loj hlob ntawm bushes, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm sim qib av noo noo. Watering yog nqa tawm 4-5 zaug. Thawj zaug yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, raws li cov frosts yuav poob. Qhov thib ob lub sij hawm mus rau moisten cov av yog 10-14 hnub ua ntej grapes pib Bloom.
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, watering tsis tau nqa tawm, vim hais tias paj tau poob tawm, tus sau yuav ntau tsawg. Qhov thib peb lub sij hawm mus rau dej lub nroj yog tom qab berries yog fastened. Qhov thib plaub watering yog ua tiav tom qab khaws lub berries. Rau ib tug Bush koj xav tau 10 liv dej. Irrigation yog zoo tshaj plaws ua nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj. 
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Pub yog tsim nyog rau nqa tawm 3-4 lub sij hawm rau tag nrho loj hlob rau lub caij. Txij yog siv cov tshuaj minerals uas yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Lawv tuaj yeem siv ob leeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhuav thiab yaj nyob hauv dej.
Koj puas paub? Vineyards nyob ze li 80 txhiab square meters. km hla lub ntiaj chaw, uas 71% ntawm cov qoob loo mus rau qhov tsim tawm ntawm wine.Thawj lub sij hawm yuav tsum yog to top hnav khaub ncaws tom qab buds Bloom, ob - ua ntej pib ntawm flowering lub sij hawm, thib peb - thaum lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim, plaub - tom qab foliage tau poob.
Pruning
Pruning yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nrog xav tau tawm hauv tua ntawm 10-12 buds. On ib Bush yuav tsum tsis muaj ntau tshaj 40-45 ob lub qhov muag. Pruning yog nqa tawm siv ib tug secateur.
Vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no
Raws li qib tsis txawv hauv siab feem ntau, nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau them rau lub caij ntuj no. Rau qhov no, zoo tib yam lub ntiaj teb los yog yas yas yuav ua. Ua ntej, lub bushes yuav tsum tau tau watered. Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv hauv av rau chaw, nws yog tsim nyog tying li bushes thiab tilting lawv mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsim nyog kis tus yeeb yam. Tom qab hais tias, lub bushes sprinkle nrog av.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv cov polyethylene rau vaj tse, koj yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub nkhaus ntawm cov hlau txuas ntawm qhov kev fab ntoo thiab ncab cov khoom los saum toj no. Muab bricks los yog pob zeb rau sab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab. Qhov xaus ntawm lub qauv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kaw ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias - qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau airing.
Kab mob thiab pests Raisins
Hmoov tsis, qhov ntau yam yog raug rau cov kab mob thiab tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm ib co kab tsuag.
Ntawm cov kab mob uas tshwm sim ntawm Zest:
- mildew;
- kab mob khees xaws;
- grey lauj kaub;
- oidium;
- anthracnose;
- kev nyuaj siab
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua cov tshuaj yog txwv tsis pub ua lub sijhawm thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm - nws muaj cuab kav ua puas lub inflorescences thiab deprive koj ntawm sau.Grapes yog tawm tsam xws li kab tsuag:
- grape mite;
- kab laug sab;
- phylloxera
Daim ntawv ceeb toom muaj kab mob cancer muaj peev xwm ua tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov vine los yog tua raug puas ntsoog. Qhov nws kos npe yog ib qho loj loj npuas zoo li kev loj hlob. Qhov ua rau yog tus kab mob, uas yog nkag rau hauv qhov mob. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, kev tuag ntawm kev tua saum toj no qhov mob yuav tshwm sim, uas, yog tsis quav ntsej, muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag tag nrho Bush.Yog hais tias qhov kev loj hlob tau tshwm sim xwb, nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab qhov mob kho nrog tshwj xeeb npaj. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no twb tau nce zuj zus, lub Bush yog muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv. Nws tsis pom zoo cog nroj tsuag ntawm qhov chaw no rau 3 xyoos.
Feem ntau ntawm qib kawm tuaj yeem nrhiav tau grey rot. Nws lub hom phiaj yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab inflorescences. Txau cov dej qab zib tuaj yeem pab tua cov nplhaib. Berries uas tau raug cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Yog hais tias koj pom on grapes oidium, urgently yuav tsum tau ua cov nroj tsuag nrog sulfur hmoov los yog daws. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no yuav raug coj los ua kev tiv thaiv.
Feem ntau rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag koj yuav saib tau anthracnose - tsaus me ntsis rau hauv foliage. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, lawv ua tau hnov txog ntawm stems thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yuav ua rau tuag ntawm tag nrho Bush. Yuav kom txuag tau qhov vineyard los ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm mus pub, mus kho cov nplooj nrog ib tug daws ntawm manganese, kom zoo moisten cov av.
Koj puas paub? Qhov khoom kim tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv hmab, hnyav 700 g, raug muag ntawm ib qho kev sib tw hauv Tokyo thaum xyoo 2015 rau $ 8,200. Nws yog ib qho Roman ruby ntau yam, ib qho kev ntsuas txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li lub pob ping-pong.Escoriosis kuj tuaj yeem tsoo cov nroj tsuag thiab yog cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb dub rau ntawm stems thiab foliage. Nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov cheeb tsam uas raug mob thiab ua cov txiv hmab nrog kev pab los ntawm kev npaj tshwj xeeb.
Los ntawm Periodic tshuaj ntsuam ntawm nroj tsuag, koj muaj peev xwm ntes tau ib tug grape los yog kab laug sab mite. Thaum cov kab no tawm tuaj yoojyim thiab tsaus nti tshwm rau ntawm nplooj ntoo. Yuav kom kov yeej cov kab tsuag yog kho cov vineyard nrog kev pab los ntawm acaricidal tshuaj. Rau cov hom phiaj tiv thaiv, txau qej infusions.Tsawg ntau, tab sis tseem tshwm sim phylloxera. Yog hais tias lawv nres hauv paus system, nws yuav tsis tau kom txuag tau qhov Bush - nws yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau txo down thiab hlawv. Yog hais tias tus Kab Tsuag tawm tsam foliage, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los kho cov bushes nrog tshwj xeeb npaj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem kis tau zoo li tej kab tsuag - thrips, cicadas, mealybug, npauj, tsuas moths, skosar, smoky bud moth, wasps, flea txiv hmab.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Xav txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam. Qhov zoo ntawm grapes Zest muaj xws li:
- impressive loj ntawm bunches;
- kev muaj peev xwm maj mam sau qoob loo;
- zoo nkauj txawv txawv ntawm berries;
- ntxiag saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- tsis muaj tus kheej-pollination;
- high cov tseev kom muaj hauv av;
- tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv rau ntau cov kab mob.
