Qos yaj ywm - ib qho ntawm cov qoob loo loj hlob nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog tag nrho cov xau thiab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb yog tsim nyog rau kev tau txais kev tso cai. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tau muab rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov chiv uas yuav pab tau nce ntxiv yields thiab, nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam, sau ib qho zoo me me ntawm no qoob loo qoob loo.
Qos yaj ywm thiab chiv
Ib tug nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau txog li 20 g ntawm phosphorus, 50 g ntawm nitrogen thiab 100 g ntawm poov tshuaj rau ib tug zoo kev loj hlob tshaj lub caij. Fertilizers rau qos yaj ywm muaj peev xwm yuav siv tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig: nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ntev ua ntej cog, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab ncaj qha nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cog.
Koj puas paub? Qos berries yog heev lom rau tib neeg. Txaus kom noj 1-2 kom khwv tau poov tshuaj.Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los noj cov nroj tsuag no nyob rau hauv cov dav loj tshaj qhov nws xav tau kev pab rau, vim qee cov kev muab tshuaj tsis txhob ncav cuag qhov kawg nkaus.
Qee cov nroj tsuag tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej, qee qhov tsuas ua kom qhuav los yog hnov mob nrog cov av thiab ua rau cov av muaj cov tsiaj qus.Chiv rau cov qos yaj ywm
Feem ntau, cov kev pab cuam rau cov qos yaj ywm sib xyaw ua ke, sib txuas cov organic thiab inorganic. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho ua tau zoo ntxiv rau cov av thiab siv qee cov agrochemicals tsis siv cov organic.
Organics
Mug, noog hnyav, ntoo tshauv, peat manure thiab compost yog haum rau pub qos yaj ywm. Ib tug zoo feature ntawm no hom fertilizer yog tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom overdo nws. 
Qhov ntau ntxiv koj ntxiv, zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov teeb meem ntawm cov organic yog qhov chaw muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim txhua hom kab mob thiab cov kab mob, yog li siv nws nrog cov tshuaj tua kab.
Koj puas paub? Thawj thawj zaug nyob hauv Tebchaws Tebchaws Europe, cov zaubmov zoo heev los ua haujlwm rau Neronim Kordan, uas coj nws tuaj rau South America xyoo 1580, tabsis mus txog rau xyoo pua 17th, lawv sim tsis noj nws, vim nws ntseeg tias nws ua rau txhua hom kev mob nkeeg thiab kev mob nkeeg.Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum siv organic chiv, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas ntau yam tsuas yog tsis muaj lub sij hawm mus noj tag nrho cov muab kev pab cuam tawm ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv xws li mob nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau siv lawv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog pob zeb hauv av chiv.
Cov zaub mov
Mineral chiv rau cov qos yaj ywm muaj xws li yuav luag txhua tus paub thoob plaws: nitrogen, phosphate, potash, lwm yam zoo li 
Koj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv ntau yam microfertilizers rau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm qos yaj ywm, xav tias tooj liab los yog molybdenum, thiab boron yog feem ntau siv rau cov av nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub. Lawv tsim tau ib qho kev txhawb nqa zoo hauv cov kev pov thawj ntawm cov as-ham uas tseem ceeb, tswj lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub cev.
Peb qhia koj kom paub koj tus kheej nrog agrotechnics ntawm kev loj hlob xws li ntau hom qos yaj ywm: "Kiwi", "Gala", "Good Luck", "Irbitsky", "Rosara", "Queen Anna", "Blue".
Kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus
Tag nrho cov chiv rau qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv txawv lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo, txawv txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab haum rau hom no ntawm fertilizing. Raws li nrog rau lwm yam nroj tsuag, nws muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau kev thov kev pub mov, namely paus thiab foliar. Yog li, raws li ib tug qos yog ib tug paus qoob loo, paus fertilizing yog qhov ntau tshaj ntawm txoj kev ntawm fertilizer daim ntawv thov. 
Hauv paus
Qhov no pub, raws li txoj cai, yuav siv qhov chaw ua ntej hilling bushes, uas yog preceded los ntawm ib tug me loosening nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav pab tau lub "mus ncig" ntawm muab kev pab cuam los ntawm cov av mus rau keeb kwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Tom qab ua xws li dressings, koj yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv watering lub cog bushes. Ntawm no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws chiv uas tsim nyog rau hauv paus hniav dressings:
- Noog droppings: ib qho yeeb tshuaj tshuaj, tab sis nws yog ib qhov ua tau siv nws txawm tshiab, uas nws tsim nyog rau dilute nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1:10 thiab ces ntxiv lub resulting khoom ntawm kab.
- Urea: dissolves nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1 tablespoon mus rau ib thoob dej, ua raws li los ntawm watering nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntawm bushes, uas yuav tsum tau preceded los ntawm ib tug me loosening. Manipulation yog ua ntej ua ntej qhov khoom qub tuaj. Nyob rau hauv ib lub hav txwv yeem, koj yuav tsum ua kom tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 0.5 liv ntawm cov tshuaj no.
- Mullein: 10 liv dej ua 1 liter ntawm tshiab manure, ces tawm mus rau ferment. Dej ntawm kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
- Tshuaj Herbal Txoj Cai: tuaj yeem ua los ntawm tej nroj tsuag uas koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau. Nqaij nroj tsuag yog soaked nyob rau hauv dej thiab, tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm fermentation, diluted nrog dej mus rau ib lub tiav lawm lub xeev, uas tsa weakly brewed tshuaj yej. Watering yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj, nyiam dua yam tsis tau kov lub qia. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau xws li pub mis yuav pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm tus nroj tsuag yog nquag nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm nitrogen.
- Inorganic chiv: Kev siv cov tshuaj no yog siv cov khoom chiv, piv txwv, ib qho tshuaj tov ammonium nitrate (10 liters dej 20 g ntawm cov tshuaj) los sis cov hmoov nplej, nitrogen thiab phosphorus chiv hauv 2: 1: 1 (10 liters dej 25 g ntawm sib tov).
Foliar
Nws yog feem ntau tsim thaum lub sij hawm muaj zog loj hlob rau lub caij ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau xws li hnav khaub ncaws tshwm sim thaum pib fertilizer tsis txaus, vim lub fact tias ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm fertilizer pib thov yog tawg rau ntau yam, tsis muaj ncav lub nroj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Extra paus dressing yog zoo tshaj plaws tom qab ib tug meej hoe ntawm txaj, nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj, uas yuav txuag lub nplooj ntawm bushes los ntawm Burns.Xws li ib txoj hauv kev ua cov tshuaj muaj kuab paug hauv cov av uas siv phom tua phom. Hauv qab no yog qee txoj kev ntawm hom kev pub mis:
- Carbamide: kev daws muaj 5 liv dej, 150 g ntawm poov tshuaj monophosphate, 5 g ntawm boric acid thiab 100 g ntawm urea. Daim ntawv thov ntawm no fertilizer yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob theem: thawj thawj 2 lub lis piam tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm tua, thiab lub thib ob - nrog ib tug interval ntawm ob ntau lub lis piam. Xws li ua yuav ua tau kom txog rau thaum pib ntawm flowering nroj tsuag.
- Phosphoric: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm mus rau nws yuav yog qhov kawg ntawm lub flowering lub sij hawm. Cov tshuaj yog npaj nyob rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm 100 g ntawm superphosphate ib 10 liv dej - qhov no yog txaus rau kev 10 square metres. Lub phosphorus tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv no txoj kev yuav ua rau tag nrho tawm los thiab nce lub starchiness ntawm hauv paus qoob loo.
- Humates: Qhov hnav khaub ncaws saum toj no zoo tshaj plaws tom qab nplooj plaub ntawm cov qos yaj ywm tau tshwm sim; nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj sij hawm ob lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob. Kev siv yog tsim nyog, piv txwv li, "Humate + 7", nrog cov qauv ntawm 3 liv ib puas. Yuav kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau dilute 2 g ntawm cov khoom hauv 10 l dej.
- Nettle infusion. Npaj ib substrate rau pub mis yog yooj yim heev: cov neeg laus cov nettle nroj tsuag yog poured nrog dej thiab infused nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sov kom txog thaum cov cim ntawm fermentation tshwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab decanting thiab yug me nyuam, koj muaj peev xwm mus rau kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tswj lub ua ntej ntawm 10 hnub.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj xaiv tau
Raws li twb tau hais, nws yog ua tau rau thov fertilizers rau yuav luag tag nrho lub xyoo, tsuas yog tej zaum rau lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm. Nws yuav tsis yooj yim dua los ua ke cov ntsiab lus sib txawv kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsim tshaj plaws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nco ntsoov tias thaum cog qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv cov av ntawm cov thawj cov av rau thawj xyoo, cov av tsis tau fertilized, vim nws yog twb heev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev muab kev pab cuam.
Autumn
Thaum lub sij hawm no, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm saum, nws yog pom zoo kom mus rau thaj av ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej cog ntawm ntau ntsuab manures, piv txwv li, dawb mustard. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, lawv lawv tus kheej yuav poob, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yuav ua tau kom plow cov av nrog rau lawv.
Thaum npaj hauv av rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau khawb nws mus rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm ib tug mos txwv. Nws tsis pom zoo los ua kom tawg loj hauv av, vim qhov no yuav ua rau kom muaj cua txias tuaj yeem tuaj yos hav zoov ntsuab thiab lawv yuav khov tawm. 
Fertilizers pom zoo rau cov qos yaj ywm hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg yog raws li nram no: 5-7 thoob ntawm humus los yog cov av tshiab yuav tsum tau noj rau txhua lub square meter ntawm av, pob zeb hauv av chiv yuav tsum raug siv rau hauv paralel, piv txwv li, superphosphate ntawm ib koob ntawm 30 g ib 1 sq. m. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua tau potassium sulfate ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15 g ib 1 square. m
Peb pom zoo kom paub yuav ua li cas sow siderata nyob rau hauv qos yaj ywm.Yog hais tias cov av nyob rau hauv lub site muaj ib qho acidity ntxiv, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg nws yog tsim nyog noj ntsuas los ntawm nws cov natural tshuav. Ua li no, siv tshauv, txiv qaub los yog hmoov nplej siab dolomite.
Txiav - 200 g ib 1 square. m. Nws yog ib qho ua tau los txiav txim tias qhov kev xav tau yog tau los ntawm kev hloov xim ntawm cov av mus nplaig, zoo li los ntawm cov tsos ntawm ntxhuab thiab sorrel nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb txaj.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav
Cov qos yaj ywm tsis zam ntau tshaj, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog pom zoo kom tsim zoo kua hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm nws cog. 
Lub ntsiab nutrient tias qos yaj ywm yuav xav tau thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo yog nitrogen. Lub caij no muaj nyob hauv qhov loj hauv qhov quav, yog li thaum lub sijhawm no nws pom zoo kom siv ntau npaum li cov chiv li no.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws chiv rau qos yaj ywm thaum cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog teev tseg rau hauv qab no, tag nrho cov tshuaj raws li 1 square meter:
- Ib tug sib tov ntawm ib thoob ntawm humus, ib khob ntawm tshauv thiab 3 dia ntawm nitrophoska.
- Tom qab plowing lub tiaj, cog nrog sideratami, ib tug sib tov ntawm 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate thiab 20 g ntawm ammonium nitrate.
- Ib lub thoob ntawm peat manure, txog 25-30 g ntawm nitrophoska nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog kab spacing nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate thiab ammonium nitrate, 20 g txhua
- 7-10 kg ntawm humus nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog 20 g ntawm ammonium nitrate thiab poov tshuaj sulfate, 30-40 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 450 g ntawm dolomite hmoov.
- Thaum tsis muaj cov organic teeb meem, nws yog ua tau los siv tsuas pob zeb hauv av chiv, piv txwv li, 5 kg nitrophoska ib puas los yog 3 kg nitroammofoski.
Thaum tsaws
Nws ntseeg hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm ntxiv fertilizing coj ntau yam ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag tshaj tawm fertilizer nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter, thiab ntau ntau nyiaj.
Feem ntau chiv yog thov tam sim ntawd ua ntej cog rau hauv lub qhov. Yog hais tias koj coj nyob rau hauv organics, nws muaj peev xwm yuav, piv txwv li, 700 g ntawm qhuav humus thiab 5 dia ash. 
Thiab thaum siv agrochemicals, cov nram qab no scheme yog tau: ib nrab ib khob ntawm pob txha noj mov thiab 1 tbsp. diav nitrofoski. Ib tug zoo tshwm sim tseem qhia tau hais tias siv ntawm kev npaj kom txhij-ua chiv.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov
Nws yog pom zoo tias lub caij ntuj sov khaub ncaws yuav ua tau kom txog thaum nruab nrab Lub Rau Hli, txwv tsis pub nws yog ib qhov ua tau hais tias maturation txheej txheem ntawm tubers yuav qeeb. Lub sij hawm siab tshaj yog lub sij hawm flowering. 
Qhov feem ntau haum fertilizer rau qos yaj ywm tom qab cog yog pob zeb hauv av, piv txwv li: 2 dia ntawm superphosphate ntxiv rau txhua lub 'square meter' ntawm seev cev. Daim ntawv thov chiv no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, thiab yog tias tsim nyog nws yuav raug rho tawm.
Yog li, txawm tag nrho cov seeming zoo nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, lub qos yog heev picky txog kev muab kev pab cuam thiab qhia ib tug cwj pwm tus yeeb yam rau fertilizer teeb meem. Nco ntsoov tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau fertilizing qos yaj ywm yog thaum lawv cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Peb cia siab tias qhov tsab xov xwm no yuav pab koj sau cov Dutch qos yaj ywm tiag tiag.
