Haylage yog ib lub sijhawm los pub cov tsiaj muaj zaub mov zoo rau txhua lub sijhawm xyoo thiab tsis hais txog huab cua.
Nws siv ntau tshaj cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov quav nyab, uas txhais tau hais tias nws ua rau kev nkag siab xav txog nws cov hlais.
Qhov no yog dabtsi?
Yuav kom muaj lub tswv yim ntawm no pub, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi nws yog. Haylage yog khoom noj tshwj xeeb tsiaj uas yog tsim los ntawm tshuaj ntsuab coj tuaj txog li 50% ntawm ya raws. Haylage yog kev tshwj tseg vim kev tswj cia rau cov tub ntxhais thiab kev mob ntawm lub cev. Thaum lub pub ncav 45-50% noo noo, muaj ntau hom kab mob ua rau nws tsis mob hauv nws. Rau pwm, qhov no noo noo yog tau txais, tab sis nws tsis ciaj sia nyob hauv cov kev mob.
Koj puas paub? Zoologists tau pom tias kaum ib hom sib txawv nyob hauv lub mooing ntawm nyuj.Cov zaubmov no muaj cov kabmob loj uas muaj suab thaj nrog tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov organic acids vim kev ua haujlwm qis ntawm cov kab mob lactic acid. Nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj ntsuab twg yog siv, lub acidity ntawm qhov pub yog li ntawm 4.5 txog 5.5.
Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm kev quav nyab xeeb yog siab heev (li ntawm 0.40 pub units thiab los ntawm 30 mus rau 70 grams ntawm cov protein uas yog digested nyob rau hauv 1 kilogram).
Yuav ua li cas ua noj quav nyab?
Los npaj cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo, koj yuav tsum paub seb tshuaj ntsuab twg xaiv qhov no, nrog rau koj tus kheej nrog cov cuab yeej ntawm kev siv quav nyab sau qoob loo.
Zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj ntsuab
Kws txawj pom zoo siv tshuaj ntsuab xws li alfalfa, clover, thiab ntau hom nyom-taum mixtures. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv tsis npaj rau silage thiab ntawm lawv tsis pom zoo kom ua quav nyab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias koj ua txhaum lub sij hawm pib ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab, qhov zoo ntawm kev pub yuav txo tau (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cereal grasses).
Tshaj
Ua kom muaj cov zaub mov zoo, koj yuav tsum tau txiav cov yas nyom, thaum nws khaus, thiab cereal - thaum lub raj tuaj.
Koj tseem yuav txaus siab kom paub txog kev npaj kom muaj kev sib sau ua ke.Rau mowing, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hau kev ntawm kev tu vaj tse. Qee cov kev cai tshwj xeeb tsis raug siv rau kev siv cov cuab yeej cuab tam, tab sis, cov tshuaj ntsuab tua kab yuav tsum tsim kom muaj hnub sov sov hnub thiab xa cov pob zeb hauv cov pob.
Cov kev lis haujlwm saum toj no yuav tsum tau ua kom ceev nrhaub wilting nyom thiab khaws nws cov khoom siv zog.Tsis ntev los no, harvesting ntawm haylage nyob rau hauv qaws tau nrov heev. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, qhov pub yog zoo ntawm kev txuag ntawm ib tug loj tus xov tooj ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Huab cua kuj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj khoom noj khoom haus li no.
Li ntawd, mowed nyom yog pom zoo kom agitate ib hnub ob zaug. Qhov no yog ua tiav nrog kev pabcuam tshwjxeeb cov kabmob tshwjxeeb. Sai li sai tau thaum lub pwm mus txog ntawm 50%, nws yog khi rau hauv lub phom rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntawv tom qab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias cov qaws tau ntawm tib ceev thiab tsis ntau tshaj 1.4 meters thoob plaws. 
Qaws yuav tsum tau tsim tsis pub dhau ob hnub tom qab txiav nyom. Lawv raug muab tso rau hauv qaws nrog kev pab ntawm tshwj xeeb balers nruab nrog ib tug sib tsoo khoom. Qhov loj ntawm lub tiav lawm yob yog txog 700-800 kg.
Los npaj quav nyab rau hauv tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau mow cov nyom hauv cov saum toj no. Tom qab yav tom ntej pub tau muab cog, nws yuav tsum tau sab laug mus pw hauv swaths ib pliag, thiab tom qab ntawd ces yuav tau tua. Yog li ntawd cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum pw kom txog rau thaum lawv cov av noo ncav 50%. Tom qab ntawd, cov nyom yuav tsum tau sau, tws thiab muab tso rau hauv cia.
Tsiaj noj - ua liaj ua teb technology ntawm cultivation ntawm sorghum, sunflower khoom qab zib, pob kws silage.
Kev cai cia
Nyom, nias nyob rau hauv qaws, yuav tsum tau muab tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauj lwm ntsug, vim hais tias nyom fermentation tshwm sim sai sai. Khaws cov ntaub qhwv, siv tus tshwj xeeb loader nrog lub ntes ntawm lub yob. 
Nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov zaj duab xis yog tsis puas. Khaws kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv ib tug canopy. Tso cai rau nteg lub yob hauv ob kab rau ib leeg, yog qhov chaw tsis txaus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws raug nquahu kom soj ntsuam cov ntaub qhwv lub plab kom tawg thiab thaum raug kev puas tsuaj, tshem tawm cov ntaub nplaum nplaum.Koj tuaj yeem pub tau cov tsiaj nrog cov tsiaj nyhuv tom qab ob lub hlis, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia nws ntau tshaj 1-1.5 xyoo.
Rau cia ntawm tsev-tsim quav nyab, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv storages mus rau hauv uas huab cua nkag. Yog li, lawv ua kom qhov chaw zoo li ib tug pej thuam (txhuas, cib, hlau, pob zeb los yog yas siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv). 
Thaum thauj khoom noj rau hauv lub pej thuam, nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsum thauj khoom ntau tshaj li tsib metres ntawm kev quav yeeb quav ib hnub. Puv load yuav tsum tsis pub ntev dua plaub hnub.
Ceeb toom
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tshem tawm cov nyom thiaj li tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Yog li, nws pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov haylage los ntawm cov yees uas siv ib qho kev tshwj xeeb tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog ib los yog ob lub chaw.
Koj puas paub? Lub siab ntawm tsw nyob rau hauv nyuj yog li weakly tsim, tab sis ua ntej noj mov nyom, tus tsiaj sniffs nws. Yog hais tias ib tug nyuj tsw ntawm chiv uas nyuam qhuav tau ntxiv, nws tsis kam noj.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom to taub tias thaum lub sij hawm kaw cia, kev pub nrog nrog carbon dioxide, tab sis thaum qhib qhov qhib, oxygen nkag mus rau hauv qhov quav, uas yog qhov chaw zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv xws li ib puag ncig, khoom noj sai sai loses nws lub zog khoom. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los sim siv cov pub sai li sai tau.Lub haylage yuav tsum tau pub rau cov tsiaj rau ib hnub, vim hais tias tom qab nws poob nws cov khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov coj me me ntawm cov quav nyab tawm txhua hnub, vim tias nws yuav pib mus rau hauv ob peb hnub tom qab kev txiav.
Senazh: GOST raws
Kom ua cov quav nyab xeeb yuav tsum ntsuab los yog daj, nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis qab ntxiag, qhuav thiab dawb-ntws hauv kev sib luag. Kev pub noo noo yuav tsum yog li ntawm 45 mus rau 55%, thiab pH - 4.5-5.5. 
Yog hais tias cov khoom noj tsis raug tsis zoo, nws tau txais ib qho xim daj thiab qhov tsw tsw. Yoojyim qias me ntsis ntawm tes.
Haylage ntawm thawj chav kawm yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj butyric acid, thiab nyob rau hauv cov hardening ntawm lub thib ob thiab peb hoob nws yuav ua tau los ntawm 0.1 mus rau 0.2% ntawm no tshuaj.
Los ntawm kev npaj nyom rau tsiaj, koj tuaj yeem tau txais zaub mov zoo thiab noj qab nyob zoo. Cov khoom noj no yuav muaj rau txhua lub sijhawm xyoo thiab tsis yog nyob ntawm huab cua. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog kom paub dab tsi yog haylage, thiab master lub technology ntawm nws npaj.
