Ntuj teeb pom kev zoo yog ib qho ntawm thawj qhov chaw nyob hauv lub neej ntawm tag nrho cov kab tsuag tsiaj, tiam sis tsis yog txhua yam muaj sia yuav txav mus rau qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv lub hnub. Nws yuav yog ib lo lus nug ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas nyob rau hauv ib theem ntawm kev loj hlob thiab xav tau ntxiv teeb pom kev zoo uas yuav tsum tau kev pab los ntawm lub teeb rau seedlings muab lawv.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm teeb
Txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias kom loj hlob muaj zog seedlings lub teeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb tivthaiv. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum tshiab nroj tsuag nce lub zog, lub ntuj hnub ci hnub yog qhov tsis ntev.
Hauv qhov no, ntxiv qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb, xws li teeb, tuaj rau tus cawm. Ua kom tiav cov nroj tsuag ntawm tsev yuav tsum nyob rau hauv raws li theem ntawm kev loj hlob thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cultivation, vim hais tias kev xaiv yuav tsum tau consciously.
Txhua qhov xim ntawm lub teeb spectrum tau nws tus yam ntxwv:
- liab thiab xiav - hnia metabolic kev, ua rau kom muaj cov chlorophyll, ua leeb photosynthesis;
- txiv kab ntxwv - ceev txog fruiting, yog siv nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no greenhouses kom accelerate lub ripening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- daj thiab ntsuab yog cov xim tseem ceeb thaum loj hlob, lawv yooj yim los ntawm seedlings;
- Ultraviolet - muaj cov kab mob bactericidal, inhibiting qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab tsim kev puas tsuaj.
Koj puas paub? Rau thawj lub sij hawm puas tau teeb pom kev ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog kev pab los ntawm cov roj teeb tau thov nyob rau hauv 1868. Qhov no tau ua los ntawm ib tug kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Russia, Andrey Famintsin.
Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias txhua tus nroj tsuag muaj nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau rau cov spectrum ntawm illumination, nrog nws tsis muaj photosynthesis slows down, biomass hlob maj mam, thiab seedlings pib mob. Ib theem ntawm illumination tsis txaus siab yog qhov txwv ntawm 8,000 lux. Niaj hnub technologies, namely lub illumination ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau tom tsev, yuav pab tau coj seedlings ze li sai tau mus rau yam tsis muaj thiab ua rau illumination ntawm 6,000 lux.
Cov kev txwv yooj yim
Thaum koj tau txiav txim siab cog qoob loo rau koj tus kheej hauv tsev, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub tias yuav tsum nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb. Xav seb yuav ua li cas yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li lub teeb:
- rau tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov khoom siv uas tawm xim liab lossis xiav xim;
- lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb ntxiv yuav tsum tau teeb pom kev zoo, thiab tsis muaj overdrying thiab raising qhov kub ntawm huab cua;
- rays ntawm lub teeb yuav tsum muag;
- lub thauv ntim yuav tsum pom zoo thiab txhua nrho.
Kev mloog yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau teeb pom kev zoo thaum loj hlob seedlings ntawm kua txob, lws suav, parsnip, strawberries, savoy cabbage, eggplant.
Tau high-quality seedlings, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los thwj xam lub caij ntxiv ntawm teeb pom kev zoo, uas yuav vam khom lub zog ntawm lub ntaus ntawv, thiab raws li qhov deb ntawm nws mus rau saum npoo. Koj tuaj yeem xyuas cov thermal hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab los tso koj txhais tes rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo, thiab ua rau koj lub siab kub hnyiab.
Seb puas muaj, los yog hom ntawm cov roj teeb rau kev txhim kho seedlings
Niaj hnub no txoj kev ua lag luam yog muaj ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas pab tau kom tau qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus xav paub seb yuav xaiv cov cuab yeej zoo li cas rau kev txhim kho seedlings thiab dab tsi nta cov qauv nrov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txhua hom teeb pom kev zoo txuag hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm muab tau nrog cov ntxaij nrig. Los tsim lawv, nws yog txaus los lo rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub khob nrog ntawv ci los yog dawb daim cardboard dawb.
Incandescent teeb
Qee cov neeg xav hais tias nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau cov nroj tsuag kom tau txais qhov tseeb ntawm lub teeb thiab cua sov, nws yog txaus kom dai ib ob peb dog yig lub teeb tshaj lub seedlings. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv tib si tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog xim spectrum rau tag nrho illumination ntawm nroj tsuag.
Kev siv lub zog txaus hluav taws xob, lawv hloov tsuas yog 5% ntawm lub teeb, thiab tas yuav tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv tshav kub. Vim li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tau txais tsis teeb, tab sis ntxiv sov thiab, raws li ib tug, overdrying los yog Burns rau ntawm nplooj yog tau. Yog li no, kev siv cov qij nyhiab yog tsis zoo npaum li lwm cov neeg uas tau txais cov koob tsheej niaj hnub no.
Fluorescent
Fluorescent teeb - ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov tau txais ultraviolet uas yog li tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag. Vim los ntawm no ua hauj lwm, mob loj hlob ntawm saturated xim seedlings yuav tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv uas xim no ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau theem ntawm pathogenic microbes.
Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv yog qhov tsis muaj qhov kub siab ntawm lub teeb, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov xav tau microclimate nyob ib ncig ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txawm tias muaj lub sij hawm zoo, lub teeb cuav tseem muaj qee qhov teeb meem. Cov no muaj xws li tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov xov tooj ntawm cov vuag hauv cov feem ntawm cov paj liab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis muaj hwj chim ntau, thiab, yog li ntawd, qhov kev tshwm sim ceev nrooj nrog lawv tuaj yeem tsis tau. Yuav kom tau lub siab xav, qhov deb ntawm lub teeb mus rau seedlings yuav tsum nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 20-30 cm Lub hom phiaj zoo tagnrho yog 40 watts.
Kev siv cov roj teeb rau ntxiv teeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav cia koj loj hlob arugula, txiv lws suav, txiv pos nphuab, txiv qaub ntsuab, txiv qaub tshuaj thiab mint tom tsev.
Sodium
Cov roj teeb uas suav hais tias yog qhov sib luag nrog rau lwm tus. Lub spectrum ntawm lawv cov hluav taws xob zoo pab cov nroj tsuag loj hlob. Lawv tau muab faib ua ob hom: qis thiab siab siab. Cov tom kawg yog siv rau ntxiv lub seedlings nyob rau hauv tsev thiab accelerating lub ripening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qee cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg no muaj ib daim iav reflector, uas tso cai rau koj kom them rau qhov chaw loj, uas yog nyiaj. Cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo siv yog muaj zog kub thiab kev tsis txaus ntshai ntawm kev siv, raws li kev siv tshuaj ua mercury nrog tshuaj sib tov ntawm sodium.
Cov teeb cias no tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau yog tias cov tee hluav taws kub muaj ntau tshaj 10%. Kev txo kub ntawm ambient kub ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov ua hauj lwm zoo ntawm xws li lub teeb. Lub hwj huam lub teeb yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 100 watts.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov teeb txawb nrog cov roj teeb yog txwv tsis pub ua kom muaj xws li hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob yooj yim. Rau lawv, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, khaus thiab lub plhaw teeb meem.
LED teeb
LED teeb rau seedlings yog muaj qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Siv xws li teeb pom kev zoo rau ntawm seedlings ua rau cov ntsiab lus nram qab no:
- txo qis hluav taws xob;
- vim muaj cua kub tsawg, lub teeb tuaj yeem tso ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
- Hauv teeb yog cov duab sib txawv ntawm cov xim, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau xim liab thiab xiav rau tib lub sijhawm;
- kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm kom txo tau cov kev poob peev;
- tsis muaj ziab thiab ntau thermal humidity;
- tsis muaj tsawg tshaj plaws hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Phytolamps
Cov Phytolamps yog cov khoom siv, lawv cov nqi yog nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: lub zog, ci ntsa iab, qhov ntev, lub kaum sab xis thiab thaj chaw ntawm lub teeb taws, cua sov ntawm rooj plaub thiab kev pab cuam lub neej. Txiav txim siab los yuav ib lub cuab yeej thiab nrhiav kev qhia txog kev xaiv fitolampa rau kev cog qoob loo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tag nrho cov saum toj no.
Cov teeb pom kev zoo no yog xav kom yooj yim rau siv, pheej yig thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxiv txias. Muaj ntau cov phom sij yuav hloov tag nrho txhua lub teeb pom kev zoo hauv txhua lub tsev cog khoom. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv lub teeb liab yog qhov no lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg mob taub hau.
Koj puas paub? Cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev hloov ntawm lub teeb thiab tsaus ntu. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tau tig mus thiab tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev. Qhov ratio yuav tsum tau xaiv nyob ntawm seb hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Tshaj dhau lub teeb
Ntau lub teeb kuj tseem tsis tau zoo li, raws li nws qhov tsis zoo. Raws li ib tug ntawm glut Cov teeb meem nram no tshwm sim:
- nplooj poob lawv cov xim ntsuab;
- flowering tshwm sim sai sai;
- nplooj tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob taws zoo li cov pob zeb, thiab lawv tuag thiab tuag.
Paub txog cov kev tsis yooj yim ntawm qhov kev xaiv, cov lus nug hais txog kev xaiv ntawm lub teeb yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim. Kev ua raws li tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm qhov teeb pom kev zoo yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov khoom cog zoo thiab, yog li ntawd, muaj qoob loo siab.
