Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntoo kua, feem ntau koj tsis tuaj yeem zam tsis dhau lawv nrog ntau yam kab mob thiab tawm tsam los ntawm cov kab. Nws yog kev txaj muag thaum tom qab zoo nkauj thiab lus paj tawg tom qab qee lub sijhawm zes qe menyuam poob tawm lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tig tawm los ua kev txhawj xeeb. Thiab muaj ntau qhov mob hnyav ntxiv - thaum tsis tsuas yog cov qoob loo tuag, tab sis kuj tsob ntoo nws tus kheej. Txhawm rau zam qhov teeb meem zoo no, koj yuav tsum paub txog tias, yuav ua li cas thiab kho cov ntoo txiv ntoo los ntawm kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov ntoo ntoo thiab cov kab tsuag, nws raug pom zoo kom ua cov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv nyob rau lub sijhawm.
Kev kho thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav
Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Nws yog nqa tawm thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua ntej o cov raum los ntawm kev txau cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov av ntawm cov ntoo ntoo nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog ntawm kev txiav txim siab thoob ntiaj teb:
- DNOC (tso cai siv ib zaug txhua peb xyoos);
- Nitrafen (ib xyoos ib zaug);
- 3% kev daws teeb meem ntawm tooj liab sulfate lossis Bordeaux kua.
Daim duab yees duab: kev npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov txiv ntoo
- Tooj liab sulfate yog cov tshuaj tua zoo
- Nitrafen yog siv rau kev kho mob hauv paus.
- DNOC yog siv ib zaug txhua txhua peb lub xyoos
Ua cov pob tw ntawm ib tsob ntoo txiv ntoo nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov tawv ntoo
Qee zaum nws tshwm sim tias cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo txiv ntoo tau tawg. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov dej khov, kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov nas, cov kab hauv cov tawv nqaij, kev saib xyuas tsis zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab ntawd, cia kom qhuav thiab npog nrog ib txheej ntawm vaj var.
Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov vaj zaub var, uas suav cov khoom siv roj av - roj av, roj av, roj av, thiab lwm yam. Cov kws paub txog lub vaj zaub nyiam tiv thaiv cov khoom ua kom zoo raws li lub ntuj tsim - beeswax, lanolin, zaub cob.
Qee lub vaj txiv ntoo siv cov tsiaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov taum nyuj thiab av liab liab sib npaug hauv qhov sib npaug los tiv thaiv cov qhov txhab. Qhov sib tov no yog diluted nrog dej mus rau lub sib xws ntawm tuab qaub cream thiab coated nrog mob. Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv cheeb tsam loj, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv qhwv ib ceg lossis lub cev nrog daim ntaub paj rwb.
Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem pom txiav cov txiv ntoo ntoo
Thaum txiav, tag nrho cov pom txiav ntawm cov ceg nrog lub cheeb ntau tshaj 10 hli yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav nrog rab riam ntse thiab npog nrog txheej txheej ntawm lub vaj var.
Thiab tseem rau kev tiv thaiv kev txiav nws yog ib qho ua tau siv cov xim tsev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm acrylic.
Yuav ua li cas tshem moss thiab lichen ntawm tsob ntoo kua
Ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo txiv ntoo loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntxoo, noo noo nrog thaj tsam tuab, mosses lossis lichens feem ntau tshwm sim. Tsis tas yuav mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov biology, peb nco ntsoov tias mosses thiab lichens koom nrog los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cag. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau kab mob lossis kab mob ntawm cov ntoo txiv ntoo. Mosses thiab lichens tsis pub noj rau ntawm cov tawv ntoo, tsis hais ntawm nplooj ntoo, tsis yog rau cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov kua ntoo. Lub tsob ntoo ntoo yog rau lawv tsuas yog ib lub platform rau kev nyob - lawv tau txais zaub mov nrog plua plav, dej nag thiab vim yog los ntawm kev ua kom cov duab tsom. Yog li ntawd, cov kua txiv ntoo ua mob los ntawm lawv tsuas yog los ntawm kev tsim cov chaw noo rau ntawm cov tawv ntoo uas cov kab tsuag thiab cov fungi tuaj yeem nyob. Txhawm rau kom tshem tau mosses thiab lichens koj xav tau:
- Muab cov zaj duab xis, ntaub, ntawv, thiab lwm yam tso rau hauv qab ntoo.
- Ua tib zoo txhuam tawm txhua txoj kev loj hlob tuaj ntawm cov ceg thiab pob tw. Ua li no, siv cov spatula, rab riam (nrog ib sab tsis meej), cov hlau txhuam, thiab lwm yam Ua li no ua tib zoo saib, tsis txhob ua rau cov tawv ntoo tawg.
- Tom qab ua tiav cov kauj ruam no, tshem tawm thiab hlawv cov khoom pov tseg.
- Txau cov yas, pob tw thiab ceg nrog 2% daws ntawm hlau sulfate.
- Whiten lub pob tw thiab tuab ceg nrog kev daws ntawm slaked txiv qaub nrog ntxiv ntawm 3% tooj liab sulfate.
Cov haujlwm no yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum caij nplooj zeeg los yog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua ntej pib ua paj.
Video: mosses thiab lichens ntawm cov ntoo txi txiv
Yuav ua li cas thiab yuav ua li cas kho cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov kab mob
Feem ntau, cov kua txiv ntoo ua tau tawm rau cov kab mob fungal. Tsawg feem ntau, kab mob thiab kis.
Kev kho mob tawm tsam fungal kab mob
Cov kabmob no tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam hu ua fungi. Lawv sib koom siab los ntawm txoj kev thiab txoj kev kis tau. Cov noob kab ntawm cov kab mob poob rau ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog ntws ntawm huab cua, plua plav, nag, tau qhia los ntawm kab. Thaum cov neeg mob siab (kub, av noo) tshwm sim, lawv hlav tawm thiab cov pwm pib ua rau nws cov nyhuv cuam tshuam. Rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob, tshuaj siv, ua ke hauv ib pawg ntawm fungicides.
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kho moniliosis
Ib qho ntawm cov kabmob uas nyiam tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, kev kis tus mob tshwm sim rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thaum cov muv hauv ob txhais ceg nkag mus rau cov noob kab mob ntawm cov paj ntoo mus rau hauv cov paj ntawm tsob ntoo kua. Ua paj paj, hluas tua, nplooj. Tag nrho cov no ploj thiab zoo li yuav muaj hluav taws kub. Qhov no yog hu ua monilial hlawv.
Cuam tshuam cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag raug tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem, tom qab ntawd lawv raug kho nrog fungicides, piv txwv li, Horus, Abiga-Ncov, Topsin. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv teeb meem, nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib ua ntej. Lawv tau nqa tawm:
- Ua ntej ua paj.
- Tom qab tawg.
- 10-15 hnub tom qab txoj kev kho mob zaum ob.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tsis tuaj yeem kho los yog tus kab mob tau tshwm sim rau lub caij ntuj sov, tom qab ntawd moniliosis cuam tshuam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog grey (txiv hmab txiv ntoo) rot.
Hauv qhov no, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cuam tshuam tau sau thiab rhuav tshem, tom qab ntawd cov yas tau hno nrog Strobi npaj, uas sai sai tso tseg chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, thiab tseem tiv thaiv nws txoj kev sib kis ntxiv. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no tsis pub tsawg tshaj 35 hnub ua ntej npaj kev npaj ntawm txiv apples. Yog lub sijhawm lav tsis tiav, tom qab ntawv sau lawv yuav txwv rau kev siv cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj sia nyob Fitosporin nrog li ntawm 1-2 lub lis piam. Cov tshuaj no tsis yog quav tshuaj thiab nyab xeeb rau tib neeg.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem txav tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm moniliosis, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kab tsuag, piv txwv li, npauj. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, txoj kev pib tuag pib hauv zos ib ncig ntawm thaj chaw puas tsuaj. Kev ntsuas tshuaj tua kab yog tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
Cov tub yees duab duab: kua txiv ntoo fungicides
- Nqe tshooj uake - qhov dav-spectrum fungicide
- Phytosporin tsis muaj yees nyob rau hauv hu ua fungi
- Strobes yog siv rau kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm ceev ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm yam kab mob fungal.
- Topsin tiv thaiv cov kua ntoo ntawm cov hu ua fungi rau 2-3 lub lis piam
- Abiga Ncov - hu rau kev txiav txim fungicide
Video: txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot
Kev kho mob npias cov kua
Ntawm daim tawv ntoo ntawm cov kua ntoo, cov pwm ua qauv muaj nrog fungal xwm qee zaum tshwm sim. Cov fungus loj zuj zus rau hauv cov tawv ntoo thiab rhuav tshem nws. Hauv kev kis tus yam ntxwv, nws loj hlob ntoo. Qhov no feem ntau pom thaum muaj cov ceg ntoo uas tsis tau txiav ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo. Hauv cov rooj plaub no, ib lub hollow tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov chaw mob. Koj tuaj yeem kho tsob txiv apple los ntawm ib qho pwm ntawm lub tawv, tsis hais nws hom:
- Ntxuav cov chaw puas thiab tshem tawm cov qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm daim tawv ntoo thiab ntoo ua kom nqaij zoo.
- Txau cov npoo ntawm qhov txhab nrog 2% daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate.
- Kho qhov mob nrog vaj cov kua roj vanish lossis RanNet.
Kev Kho Mob Apple Dub
Dub (European) mob cancer ntawm cov ntoo ntoo feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kab nrib pleb hauv cov tawv ntoo lossis kev kho tsis raug ntawm ceg. Ntxiv mus, qhov no tshwm sim tsuas yog rau cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj zog, kev cog qoob loo. Kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog Kua ntoo tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob no. Thawj cov cim ntawm nws yog tsos ntawm cov xim av nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov ceg, tom qab ntawd cov tawv ntoo tawg, cov kab mob dub ua rau nws. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, cov cuam tshuam los ntawm daim tawv ntoo tawg tawm, ua kom pom ntoo.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav dub tsis txawv ntawm kev kho mob ntawm lwm yam fungus: ntxuav lub qhov txhab mus rau cov ntoo zoo thiab ntoo; kho nrog 2% daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate; vaj var var tiv thaiv.
Cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm cov kua ntoo - kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob
Cov kab mob tua (kab mob hlawv) ntawm cov ntoo kua yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob Erwinia amylovora coj tuaj rau peb ntawm Asmeskas. Tus neeg sawv cev yog vim li cas nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab tawg cov ntaub so ntswg. Feem ntau, cov kab mob nkag mus los ntawm rab phom ntawm lub paj puas tsuaj los ntawm moniliosis, thiab ob qho tib si kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ke. Txhawm rau kuaj kab mob bacteriosis, koj yuav tsum paub nws cov tsos mob:
- Nruab nrab ntawm cov nplooj ntoos veins me ntsis ntawm cov xim liab tshwm.
- Qhov xaus ntawm kev tua ntawm lub xyoo tam sim no qhuav thiab thim.
- Vim yog cov tsos ntawm cov paug tawm dawb, lub voos ua nplaum. Tom qab ib ntus, cov hnoos qeev yuav tsaus.
- Ziab cov paj thiab cov paj tsis txhob poob, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ceg thiab tau tsaus xim xim.
- Cov txiv ntoo dub thiab tuag kuj tsis keej thiab dai ntawm cov ceg kom ntev.
Tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm tus kab mob yog nqus cov kab. Yog li, kev tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv cov kab tsuag thiab cov kab mob yuav ua tau zoo tiv thaiv cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv rau kev kho mob: Ampicillin, Fitolavin, Tetracycline + Streptomycin, Ofloxacin.
Kis kab mob ntawm Kua ntoo - kev tiv thaiv
Cov kab mob, zoo li cov kab mob, tau nkag mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm nqus kab. Cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub vascular system ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, txiav, tawg. Cov kab mob kis tau paub: mosaic, panicle (poj dab lub khaub rhuab), hnub qub (hnub qub) tawg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm tus. Tsis muaj tshuaj los rhuav tshem cov kab mob, yog li tsuas muaj kev tiv thaiv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kabmob, txau nrog phytohormones, piv txwv li, Epin lossis Zircon, yog siv.
Yees duab chav: kua ntoo tsob ntoo kab mob
- Mosaic spotting ntawm Kua nplooj yog ib qho ntawm cov kis kab mob
- Lub panicle yog nrov npe hu ua tus poj dab khaub rhuab
- Thaum stellar cracking, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo txiv ntoo yog them nrog cov ntxhib tawg
Yuav ua li cas thiab yuav kho cov txiv ntoo txiv ntoo li cas los ntawm kab tsuag
Muaj ntau ob peb yam kab tsuag tawm tsam cov kua ntoo.
Txaus ntshai kab
Hauv kev tawm tsam cov kab uas phem, siv yeeb siv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ua pawg.
Codling Kua Ntoo Ua
Yog tias lub txiv av ntawm tsob ntoo txiv ntoo hloov ua lub zog, lub codling npauj ua haujlwm rau lawv. Codling npauj yog tus npauj npaim nocturnal uas cov kab ntsig nkag mus rau hauv zes qe menyuam thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov chaw uas lawv noj rau noob.
Npauj npaim nteg cov qe ntawm cov nplooj ntoo hluas thiab cov paj ntoo. Nws yog lub sijhawm no tias cov tshuaj tua kab yuav tsum tau kho (Decis, Fufanon, Iskra, Karbofos, Karate, Actellik yog siv). Thawj txoj kev kho yog nqa tawm sai li sai tau tom qab ua paj, tom qab ntawd ob zaug ntxiv nrog lub sijhawm ntawm 10-12 hnub. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem tshem tau cov kab tsuag txawm nyob rau theem ntawm kev npau suav (npauj npaim) thiab tiv thaiv qe nteg. Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias thaum cov kab tawm ntawm cov qe nkag mus hauv lub txiv, nws yuav lig rau kev tua lawv.
Lub rooj yees duab: nrov tshuaj tua kab rau kev kho mob ntawm cov ntoo ntoo ntawm npauj thiab lwm yam kab tsuag
- Kev txiav txim siab - ib qho tshuaj tua kab dav-ntau
- Fufanon yog ob qho tib si tshuaj tua kab thiab acaricide.
- Txheeb ob npaug rau ob tog tiv thaiv tau cov kab paub
- Karbofos - lub sijhawm tshuaj tua kab
- Karate tua tsis tsuas yog nrog kab, tab sis kuj nrog zuam
- Actellic ua tau zoo tiv thaiv cov zuam thiab lwm yam kab tsuag
Yees duab: ua cov kua txiv ntoo ntawm npauj
Cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kua ntoo los ntawm kab
Paj kab (weevil) hibernates hauv nplooj poob thiab topsoils. Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum sawv ntxov nws nce mus rau saum npoo thiab tom qab ntawd rau cov ntoo ntawm cov txiv ntoo. Nws poj niam gnaws buds thiab buds, thiab ces nteg ib qe nyob rau hauv lawv. Cov kab me me tawm hauv cov qe noj tawm cov paj ntawm sab hauv, tom qab uas lawv ziab.
Kev kho thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab tawm ntawm lub codling npauj yog tib lub sijhawm tiv thaiv cov kab.
Ntaus aphids
Aphids yog cov kab nqus me me, feem ntau nyob rau hauv qab ntawm nplooj thiab pub mis rau lawv cov kua txiv.
Txij li thaum ntsaum nqa aphids rau ntawm cov ntoo ntawm ib lub txiv ntoo, nws yog thawj zaug ntawm txhua qhov tsim nyog los tawm tsam lawv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv Inta-Vir cov cuab yeej, uas tseem ua tau zoo tawm tsam ntau lwm yam kab tsuag (nrog rau cov npauj codling thiab nplooj ntoos). Lub aphid nws tus kheej tuaj yeem rhuav tshem nrog tib cov tshuaj yog tias nws twb tau hais tseg rau ntawm nplooj ntawm lub kua ntoo.
Ntawv Ntshiab
Npauj npaim npauj npaim ya nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis thiab nteg qe rau ntawm cov nplooj ntoo me me ntawm ib tsob ntoo txiv ntoo. Tom qab 10-12 hnub, cov menyuam me (txog li 10 hli) kab ntsig tau tawm los ntawm cov qe, uas pub zaub rau nplooj, sib ntswg lawv rau hauv cov leeg ntawm cov duab tsis meej, npog hauv cov cobwebs. Ntau cov tshuaj tua kab zoo siv rau kev kho mob, suav nrog cov uas hais saum toj no. Nrog kev tiv thaiv raws sijhawm, kev tuaj yeem ua kom kab tsuag tuaj yeem zam tsis tau.
Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau cov kab nyom
Bark beetle yog ib qho me me (kwv yees li 4 hli) ya davhlau. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, nws poj niam gnaws ntawm cov nqe lus ntev hauv qab daim tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo kua ntoo tob rau hauv cov ntoo. Nyob rau hauv txhua tus tig, nws nteg qe, ntawm uas, tom qab 10-12 hnub, ceg tsis muaj ceg nrog lub puab tsaig muaj zog tshwm. Thaum lub caij cog qoob loo, cov kab nyom pub rau cov ntoo thiab bast, ua rau cov nqe lus ntau thiab ntev. Feem ntau pom tias muaj cov kab tom qab ntog ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm Cortex. Tus kws ua vaj saib xyuas lub cev yuav txiav tawm cov kab npuas, uas pom tias muaj qhov dav ya rau ntawm daim tawv ntoo nrog thaj tsam li ntawm ob lub millimeters. Ib sab ntawm lawv yog feem ntau yog pawg ntoo ntawm cov hmoov ntoo.
Txhawm rau tawm tsam kab, txau nrog tshuaj tua kab yog siv thaum pib ntawm lub davhlau ntawm kab, uas sib luag nrog qhov kawg ntawm kev tawg paj ntawm cov kua ntoo. Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj:
- Confidor Ntxiv;
- Calypso;
- Pirinex li al.
Muaj kev kho mob ntawm pej xeem rau kev kho ntoo los ntawm cov kab tawv ntoo thiab lwm yam kab raws li cov roj diesel. Cov khoom lag luam roj no nkag rau hauv qhov me me thiab cov ntxig ntawm ua kaub puab, uas ua kom nws cov hauj lwm zoo. Nws yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim cov zaj duab xis tiv thaiv nyob rau sab saum npoo uas tiv thaiv kev nkag tau ntawm oxygen. Vim li ntawd, kab thiaj li tuag. Cov zaub mov nrov tshaj plaws siv cov roj diesel:
- Daim ntawv qhia tus naj npawb 1:
- Dissolve 100 grams ntawm cov hlau sulfate hauv ib liter dej;
- rau qhov sib tov sib xyaw ntxiv ib liv ntawm 10% slaked txiv qaub thiab ob liv ntawm diesel roj;
- Nrog rau cov kev daws no, lub pob tw thiab ceg ntoo ntawm cov ntoo tau txau kom txog thaum nws awakens.
- Daim ntawv qhia tus lej 2:
- 20 feem ntawm cov roj diesel + 20 seem ntawm dej + 5 seem ntawm av nplaum;
- cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv thaum tsim cov paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Daim ntawv qhia tus lej 3:
- 10 ntu ntawm cov roj diesel + 9 seem ntawm dej + 1 feem ntawm kev ntxhua khaub ncaws lossis tar xab npum;
- daim ntawv thov zoo ib yam li daim ntawv qhia No. 2.
Yog tias cov kab npuas cov kab tawm tau sib sib zog nqus rau hauv ntoo, ces siv tshuaj tua kab los tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tau siv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lawv tau txhaj rau hauv kev ya davhlau qhib siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj kho mob. Txog kev txhav, kev npaj tib yam yog siv rau kev txau, tab sis lawv qhov kev kub siab tau nce mus txog 0.1 ml ntawm emulsion ib 100 ml dej.
Zuam
Feem ntau, cov kab laug sab mooj tau pom ntawm cov ntoo txiv ntoo, uas nyob ntawm qhov tsis sib thooj ntawm cov nplooj ntawm cov kua ntoo thiab txau ntawm lawv cov kua txiv. Puas nplooj curl me ntsis thiab ua them nrog cobwebs.
Hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov rau kev tiv thaiv ib tus zuam, suav nrog cov kab laug sab mites, kev kho mob prophylactic tau piav qhia saum toj no nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog txaus. Tom qab ntawd siv acaricides, piv txwv li, Fufanon, Karate, Actellik. Txij li cov neeg sawv cev no muaj kev tiv thaiv dav dav, lawv txoj kev kho tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm ntau cov kab tsuag. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no tseem tiv thaiv tau tus cwj pwm thiab raug coj ua peb zaug: ua ntej pib tawg, tom qab ua paj, thiab 7-10 hnub tom qab kev kho mob thib ob. Kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv yog nqa tawm raws li qhov tsim nyog - yog tias pom pom ntawm kev puas tsuaj raug kuaj pom.
Cov nas
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nas - cov nas teb, hares, feem ntau tua cov txiv ntoo. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ntoo nrog cov tawv ntoo thiab lush tshwj xeeb tshaj rau qhov no. Yog lawm, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev ntsuas ua ntej kom tiv thaiv qhov kev ua phem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov pob tw yog whitened nrog txiv qaub cug los yog vaj pleev xim, thiab lawv tseem raug khi nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv - cov khoom vov tsev, zaj duab xis, spruce ceg, thiab lwm yam.
Tab sis yog tias koj tseem tsis tuaj yeem txuag lub kua ntoo, tom qab ntawd ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias lawv tsis tseem ceeb, tom qab ntawd thov siv cov kev ntsuas ib txwm siv los kho kev puas tsuaj rau cov tawv ntoo thiab ntoo, tau piav qhia saum toj no. Hauv cov xwm txheej thaum pom qhov txhab tshiab thiab cov tawv ntoo tseem tsis tau muaj lub sijhawm kom qhuav, siv tshuaj kho mob.
- Kho kev hnav khaub ncaws nrog ib tug decoction ntawm linden. Lawv ua li no:
- Ob puas grams ntawm linden qhuav (paj, nplooj) yog nchuav nrog ib liv dej txias.
- Tso rau ntawm hluav taws, nqa mus rau ib lub rhaub thiab rhaub rau 30 feeb.
- Txias thiab lim los ntawm ib txheej ntawm daim ntaub nyias nyias.
- Lawv impregnate lub qhov txhab raug ntxuav yav tas los nrog lub decoction.
- Muab daim ntaub qhwv nrog yas qhwv kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg tiav.
- Ob puas grams ntawm linden qhuav (paj, nplooj) yog nchuav nrog ib liv dej txias.
- Kev siv tshuaj kho nrog ib tus neeg hais lus. Ib qho tuab ntawm av nplaum thiab mullein pleev cov qhov txhab, qhwv nws nrog burlap lossis lwm cov ntaub so ntswg zoo sib xws thiab npog nws nrog av nplaum saum. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov ntaub qhwv yuav tshem tawm.
- Kev kho mob cov ntaub qhwv nrog xiav vitriol. Npaj ib 3% tov ntawm tooj liab sulfate, uas impregnate mob. Tom qab ziab, nws yog ntaub qhwv nrog yas qhwv los yog daim ntaub qhwv vaj. Daim ntaub qhwv tawm yog lub caij nplooj zeeg tas.
Thaum twg ua tiav cov kua ntoo ntawm kab tsuag
Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm rau cov kab mob kua txiv kab noj zoo li lub sijhawm kho mob rau cov kabmob. Kev tshem tawm cov kab mob yog kho thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab / lossis lub caij nplooj zeeg lig. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv cov ntawv ya ntawm cov kab yog nqa tawm ua ntej ua paj, tom qab cov paj poob, thiab lwm 1-1.5 lub lis piam. Ua kev txuas ntxiv yog nqa tawm raws li qhov tsim nyog thaum kuaj tau pom kab.
Npaj mus txau qhov kua txiv ntoo
Txhawm rau tshuaj ntsuab rau cov ntoo, tshuaj lom neeg, tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg pej xeem siv. Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm tus nyeem, peb saib lub ntsiab lus txhua qhov kev npaj tau hais hauv tsab xov xwm (thiab tsis yog nkaus xwb) hauv ib lub rooj.
Cov lus: txhais tau tias txau thiab ua cov ntoo kua
Tshuaj | Cov kab mob / kab mob dab tsi | Tsuas tshuaj thiab tswj hwm | Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, hnub | Lub sijhawm tos, sijhawm | Cov naj npawb uas tau tso cai ntawm kev kho mob |
Cov Muaj Nqis Insectofungicides | |||||
NTUJ | Rau txoj kev kho mob tawm tsam txhua yam kab tsuag thiab kab mob | Rau txau, 50 g ntawm tshuaj yog diluted nyob rau hauv ib liter dej, tom qab ntawd ntxiv dej rau 10 liv | 20-30 | - | 1 lub sijhawm hauv peb lub xyoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua ntej pib tawg paj |
Nitrafen | 200 g ib 10 liv dej | 1-2 zaug ib xyoos hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov thiab (lossis) lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum so | |||
Xiav vitriol | 300 g ib 10 l | ||||
Bordeaux kua | |||||
Urea (urea) | 50-70 g rau 1 liv dej | ||||
Ammonium nitrate | |||||
Lub Fungicides | |||||
Nqe tshooj uake | Moniliosis, powdery mildew, mob pob | 7 g ib 10 l | 7-10 | 10-15 | 3 |
Tojsiab | 15 g ib 10 l | 10-15 | 20 | 5 | |
Rooj Vag | Cov pob khaus, moniliosis, powdery mildew, mob ntses faus, mosaic | 2 g ib 10 l | 7-10 | 35 | 3 |
Abiga Peak | Moniliosis, powdery mildew, scab, spotting, xeb, kab mob, thiab lwm yam. | 40-50 ml ib 10 l | 15-20 | 20 | 4 |
Fitosporin (biofungicide) | Kev tiv thaiv txhua yam kab mob fungal | 5 g ib 10 l | 10-14 | 0 | Txwv tsis pub |
Tshuaj tua kab | |||||
Kev txiav txim siab | Ntau cov kab, nrog rau:
| 1 g ib 10 l | 15 | 20 | 2 |
Fufanon | Nqus, yoov, kab tsuag, thiab zuam | 1 ml ib 1 liter | 14 | - | Ib zaug 2-3 lub lis piam ua ntej ua paj |
Kara | Cov zuam, cov kab mob plab, npauj | 4-8 ml ib 10 l | 20 | 2 | |
Txheeb ob npaug nyhuv | Aphids, npauj codling, nplooj ntoos flake, weevil, leafworm, thiab lwm yam. | 1 ntsiav tshuaj ib 10 l | N / a | ||
Actellic | Zuam, nplooj npauj, tawv kab, pom ntxhw | 1 ml / l | 2 | ||
Karbofos | Zuam, aphids, nplooj-noj kab | 90 g ib 10 l | 20 | 30 | 2 |
Khawv koob | Nqus thiab yoov kab | 1-2 g ib 10 l | 15-20 | 1-2 | |
Callipso | Cov nplooj kiav dej, cov kab paj, cov npauj, cov nplai kab | 2 ml ib 10 l | 15-30 | 2 | |
Pirinex | Zuam, nplooj npauj, aphid, npauj, paj beetle | 1.25-1.5 l / his | 14 | 1-2 | |
Inta-Vir los ntawm ntsaum | Ntsaum | 100 g ib 500 m2 | 7-12 | - | N / a |
Cov khoom tiv thaiv | |||||
Vaj Pov | Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev txiav, qhov txhab | Txhais tau tias npaj txhij rau kev siv. | - | - | Raws li xav tau |
KhiavNrhiav | |||||
Txiv qaub | Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tawv ntoo los ntawm hlawv, kab | Dissolve txiv qaub fluff hauv dej mus rau qhov sib xws ntawm kua qaub cream | |||
Vaj xim | Npaj siv cov xim muaj hlau | ||||
Tshuaj tua kab mob | |||||
Ampicillin | Sib Ntaus Cov Kab Mob | 1 ampoule rau ib lub thoob dej | N / a | N / a | Txwv thaum lub caij cog qoob loo |
Phytolavin | 20 ml rau ib lub thoob dej | 50 hnub ntawm +12 ° C; 10 hnub ntawm + 30 ° C | Tsib txoj kev kho mob nrog kev ncua sij hawm ntawm ob lub lis piam | ||
Tetracycline + Streptomycin | 3 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm tetracycline thiab 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm streptomycin yog diluted hauv 5 liv dej | 10-15 | Peb txoj kev kho mob: ua ntej pib tawg paj; thaum lub sij hawm paj; tom qab ua paj | ||
Ofloxacin | 2 ntsiav tshuaj rau ib lub thoob dej | Ob txoj kev kho mob: ua ntej pib tawg paj; thaum lub sijhawm ua paj | |||
Phytohormones | |||||
Epin | Kev tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, tiv thaiv kab mob ntxiv | 2 ampoules ib 10 liv | - | - | Ob txoj kev kho mob: ua ntej pib tawg paj; tom qab muab |
Zircon | 40 ncos rau ib 1 liter dej insist ib hnub | - | - | Txwv tsis pub, nrog tus caij nyoog ntawm 2-3 lub lis piam | |
Cov tshuaj kho neeg mob | |||||
Cov tshuaj saline daws | Los ntawm kiav txhab thiab kab tsuag | 1 kg ib thoob dej | 20 | - | 1 sijhawm ua ntej pib kev soj ntsuam |
Diesel roj | Los ntawm daim tawv kab thiab lwm yam kab | Dilute nrog dej hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1 txog 1 | N / a | - | Ib zaug thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav |
Tar xab npum | Aphids | 60 g ib 10 l | N / a | - | Ib zaug tam sim ntawd tom qab flowering |
Txiv qaub decoction | Rau kev kho kab mob thiab txhab ntoo | Saib saum toj no | Lub caij ntuj sov | - | Raws li xav tau |
Tub Tham |
Kua khiav tawm hauv ntau thaj tsam
Cov hau kev, kev kho mob, cov tshuaj siv tsis nyob ntawm thaj av ntawm Kua txoj kev loj hlob. Lawv yuav zoo ib yam rau Far East, Siberia, nruab nrab txoj kab nruab nrab lossis Western Crimea. Qhov txawv tsuas yog lub sijhawm ua sijhawm nkaus xwb. Tias yog vim li cas peb khi lawv rau qee ntu ntawm cov nroj tsuag txoj kev txhim kho - lub xeev ntawm kev so (ua ntej lub buds swell), lub sijhawm ua ntej pib tawg, paj, lwj ntawm cov paj, kev teeb tsa thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ripening cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov khoom nthuav tawm raug siv rau lub vaj zaub ntawm txhua cheeb tsam.
Cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog hais tias lub vaj teb raws sijhawm coj mus tua txau nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev kho thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, ces qhov no yuav luag txuag nws ntawm kev poob siab.