Powdery mildew (ashtray) - tsob nroj kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm microscopic fungi, feem ntau ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tsev cog khoom dib cov qoob loo thiab qhib av. Lub fungus lub luag haujlwm rau kev kis tus kab mob ntawm cov qoob loo tshwj xeeb no yog Oidium erysiphoides. Mycelium feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau lub Rau Hli, ua ntej cuam tshuam cov nplooj, tom qab ntawd cov qia, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev tu ncua pib kho thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv pab tswj kev sau qoob loo thiab sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Dab tsi yog mildew zoo li ntawm dib
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub txog tus kab mob rau ntawm cucumbers los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- cov phiaj dawb lossis xim liab rau ntawm daim phiaj nplooj qis;
- cov quav hniav nyob rau petioles, stems;
- qhov loj me ntawm cov pob nce, nce;
- nplooj ntoos paib, tua hauv plua av dawb;
- me ntsis hloov xim rau xim av;
- daim hlau ntswj, ceev kom qhuav;
- cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog deformed, tawg;
- tua kom qhuav, tsaus ntuj.
Cov noob kab ntawm fungus zoo li pob me me rau av. Ib qho vaum microclimate nyob hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom tsim muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws rau nws txoj kev txhim kho. Yog li ntawd, cucumbers muaj ntau yam muaj rau cov kabmob. Cov kab mob fungus hibernates feem ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag torn hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm tshav kub nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, nws sawv, tsa rau saum npoo ntawm cov nplooj ntoos, haus lawv cov kua txiv. Nws cov kab tsuag tawm mus nrawm nrawm dua, cov av noo ntau dua, ceev dua - 3-7 hnub.
Peronosporosis (downy mildew), tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho pwm - Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm daj-ntsuab tsis xwm yeem me ntsis nrog leeg ntawm nplooj. Tom qab ntawd lawv ua oily, xim av. Hauv qab ntawm daim paib yog txheej dawb-xim av. Ob peb hnub tom qab, nplooj qhuav.
Yog hais tias tswj kev ntsuas tsis raug coj los, lub bushes yuav tuag sai sai.
Cov laj thawj rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov fungus yog: los nag, huab huab cua, huab cua sov dhia, cog tuab, av nrog qhov muaj cov pa nitrogen siab ntau, nquag tso dej nrog kua txias, cov nyom nyom nyom hauv txaj.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm powdery mildew on cucumbers
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob, cov neeg ua teb yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai yooj yim:
- cog cov noob txiv ntoo rau hauv ib qho phiaj xwm nrog rau ncua sij hawm plaub xyoos (kev sib hloov qoob loo);
- tas li tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg;
- thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg kom nqa cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov av nrog cov poov tshuaj permanganate;
- kho cov noob nrog Grandsil, Trichodermin.
- hauv tsev cog khoom kom tswj tau qhov kub siab tshaj +20 ° C;
- dej tsob ntoo hauv qab ntoo nrog dej sov;
- txau nrog npaj tshwj xeeb (Quadris);
- los pub zaub rau noj;
- kev ywg dej, tsis txhob poob rau nplooj thiab kav;
- Tsis txhob cog cov zaub nyob hauv thaj chaw qis, duab ntxoo;
- ntxuav cov noob;
- fertilize nyob rau hauv sim.
Cov yub tuaj yeem muab txau pov tseg rau kev tiv thaiv nrog Topaz, Strobi, manganese. Nroj tsuag tsis tas yuav cog cog kom nyob sib ze heev kom huab cua, txwv tsis pub lub fungus yuav tawg sai sai rau lwm tsob ntoo.
Kev sib ntaus tawm tsam powdery mildew on cucumbers
Txhawm rau kom paub txog qhov pom ntawm fungus nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov tsis tu ncua kom ntev. Thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, tau tshem tawm ntawm nws yooj yim dua.
Yog tias pom muaj fungus, tso dej thiab hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj ntawm cov nroj tsuag raug nres, cov kab mob kis tau raug tshem tawm thiab hlawv ua ke nrog cov hauv paus. Yog tias cov quav hniav tseem nyob hauv qab nplooj, lawv raug txiav thiab muab pov tseg. Kev tsaws av maj, tshem tawm cov qub, muaj kab mob, txiav cov pob paj. Txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev kho yog neeg pej xeem lossis fungicides.
Kev npaj roj ntsha yog nrov: Albit, Alirin-B, Gamair, Tiovit Dav Hlau. Lawv tsis muaj co toxins, tsis ua mob rau cov nroj tsuag. Lawv kuj tseem siv rau kev tiv thaiv nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.
Powdery mildew lossis peronosporosis pov tseg tsuas yog siv tshuaj lom neeg: HOM, Abiga-Ncov, Ordan, Quadris, Consento, Previkur.
Cov pej xeem tshuaj rau powdery mildew on cucumbers
Nyob rau thawj theem ntawm tus kabmob, lwm yam kev tawm tsam yog qhov ua tau zoo. Txhawm rau kom tshem ntawm cov fungus, cov bushes yog txau nrog kev npaj daws, feem ntau yog nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj:
Txhais tau tias | Ua noj ua haus | Daim ntawv thov, zaus |
| Xab npum thiab mis nyuj | Ib liter ntawm mis nyuj, 25 tee ntawm iodine, grated 20 g ntawm xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws. | Ib zaug txhua kaum hnub. |
| Cov mis whey | Ua ke nrog dej 1:10, kom txog thaum tus. | 3 lub sijhawm, caij nyoog 3 hnub. |
| Rotted quav | Sib tov nrog dej (1: 3), ntxig rau 3 hnub. | 3 zaug txhua 7 hnub. |
| Tej nroj | Cov nyom los ntawm vaj yog nchuav nrog dej kub (1: 1). Tom qab 3 hnub, lim. | Txhua hnub. |
| Dej qab zib tshauv thiab xab npum | Cov dej qab zib 25 g yog sib xyaw nrog 5 l dej kub, ntxiv 5 g ntawm kua tshuaj ntxuav tes. | 2 zaug hauv ib hnub nrog kev caij nyoog ntawm ib lim piam. |
| Ntoo tshauv | Grated xab npum yog ua ke nrog 200 g ntawm tshauv, ncuav dej sov. | Muaj ntau nyob rau txhua lub lim tiam. |
| Qij | Tso dej rau hauv qej, ntxig 12 teev. | 2 lub lis piam. |
| Mustard | Mustard hmoov yog diluted nyob rau hauv 10 liv ntawm dej sov. | Txhua 7 hnub 3 zaug. |
| Cov poov tshuaj permanganate | Ib lub thoob dej thiab 2 g ntawm lub zog. | 2 lub lis piam. |
| Horsetail | 1 kg ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshiab yog nchuav nrog 10 liv ntawm cov kua dej kub, thov. Tom qab ib hnub, rhaub rau 2 teev, lim, dilute nrog dej 1: 5. | Peb zaug txhua txhua 5 hnub. |
Powdery Mildew Cov Tshuaj Kho Mob nyob rau ntawm Dib Liab
Hauv kev ua haujlwm qib siab, siv tshuaj khes mis; tom qab kev kho mob, cov zaub yuav tsum tsis txhob noj rau txog 20 hnub.
Tshuaj | Ntseg | Thov |
| Topaz | Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kom hloov kub. Tus nquag ua hauj lwm yog penconazole. Txaus ntshai rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj. | Ntawm 10 l ib ampoule. Txau rau txhua ob nrog tshuaj tshiab, tus so yog nchuav. |
| Qaij KE | Txwv tsis pub sporulation, ua tom qab 2-3 teev. Tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv uas kav ntev li ob lub lis piam. | Dilute 40 g ib 10 liv dej. |
| Bayleton | Fungicide ntawm cov haujlwm ntau yam, siv tau tom qab 4 teev, ntev ntev li 2 lub lis piam mus txog 2 hlis. | Ib gram ntawm ib liter dej. |
| Rayek | Tus nquag ua hauj lwm yog diphenoconazole. Sai sai ua rau tua cov kab mob fungal spores. Cov nyhuv tsis yog nyob ntawm huab cua. | Ib milliliter ib liter dej. |
| Oksihom | Cov khoom xyaw nquag yog tooj liab oxychloride thiab oxadixyl. | 30 g ib 10 l dej, kho 3 zaug nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm 10-12 hnub. |
| Nyiajtxiag Fundazole | Cov tshuaj nquag yog benomyl, uas ua txhaum cov luam tawm ntawm nceb. | 1 g yog diluted nyob rau hauv ib qho me me ntawm cov kua, tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau 1 liter. |
| Xiav vitriol | Tshuaj lom, rhuav tshem lub hlwb ntawm fungi thiab kab mob. | 100 g dej qab zib thiab vitriol 75 g thiab 10 l dej sib xyaw. |
| Colloidal leej faj | Muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj, tab sis yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia. Ua rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 27 ... +32 ° C. | Sulphur 20-30 g yog sib xyaw nrog 10 l dej. |
Mr. Dachnik pom zoo: ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo khaub thuas tiv thaiv tsis haum rau cov hmoov pwm
Yog li hais tias cov qoob loo tsis txom nyem, cov neeg ua teb xaiv tau ntau yam uas tiv thaiv cov kab mob powdery thiab lwm yam kab mob. Partenocarpic hybrids tam sim no nrov, lawv zam qhov kub hloov pauv kom zoo, tsis xav tau pollination, cog hauv tsev cog khoom thiab nyob hauv av qhib. Cov no suav nrog:
- Regina Ntxiv F1;
- Arina F1;
- Fervor F1;
- Adas F1;
- Alex F1;
- Herman
- Khob
- Plaub Hlis Ntuj
- Neeg ua yeeb yam
Ntab pollinated hybrids:
- Tus Neeg Sib Tw;
- Goosebump F1;
- Fontanel;
- Natalie
- Phoenix Ntxiv;
- Tauj Nqaij;
- Yerofey;
- Nezhinsky.
Tshiab bred ntau yam:
- Zhukovsky;
- Whim;
- Luav.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas thiab refractory ntau yam ntawm cucumbers yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob fungal thiab tau txais qhov sau zoo.
