Mallow (Tshuag-Rose, Mallow) - ib tsob nroj uas paub txog tib neeg rau ntau tshaj peb txhiab xyoo.
Feem ntau qhov no tsob nroj yog undeservedly tsis nco qab lawm, tab sis nws muaj ib yam dab tsi ua surprise hnub no.
Nws lub ntsiab zoo dua yog simplicity thiab endurance.
Rau qhov tsawg kawg ntawm kev rau siab thiab mloog los ntawm koj ib sab, lub paj yuav them koj nrog cov kev nplua nuj ntawm ntxoov, qhov zoo nkauj ntawm inflorescences, delicious zib mu, kho infusions.
Koj puas paub? Mallow tau hlob nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt, Tuam Tshoj, India, Ancient Greece thiab Rome. Mallow tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ancient frescoes, paintings ntawm medieval artists, nyob rau hauv pej xeem paj ntaub.
Ntau yam ntawm kab lis kev cai
Lub genus Malvé yog tuaj ntawm 25 hom nroj tsuag. Qhov feem ntau nrov thiab ancient yog Mallow liab thiab Lesnaya Mallow (nws yog lawv hais tias ua hauj lwm raws li lub hauv paus rau yug me nyuam ntawm ntau hybrid ntau yam). 
Mallow thiab lawv cov txheeb ze (hibiscus, alteika, laureate, chinabella, etc.) sawv cev rau Malvine tsev neeg.
Qhov paj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.8 rau 2.5 m. Paj paj (ob npaug, ob-ob npaug thiab yooj yim) hauv kab muaj qhov loj me ntawm 5 mus rau 15 cm (nyob ntawm seb yam thiab ntau yam).
Cov xim palette ntawm cov inflorescences yog qhov dav: burgundy, liab, liab qab, liab dawb, dawb, ntshav, dub, daj (dhau li ntawm, mallow yog tsob ntoo-pollinated nroj tsuag, thiab cov nroj tsuag nyob ze ze sib pauv xim, tsim nws cov duab ntxoov ntxoo).
Koj puas paub? Malva hlub tshav kub thiab qhuav lub caij ntuj sov, yooj yim tsau siab saum toj sau + 45 ° C (mallow roots yuav muab dej los ntawm qhov tob ntawm ntau tshaj peb meters).
Mallow yog txhua xyoo, biennial thiab txhua xyoo. Malva ib-xyoo nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb kuj yog ib tug ob-xyoos.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, mallows tsim ib rosette ntawm nplooj; nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm ob xyoo, stalks nrog inflorescences pov tseg tawm (los ntawm 150 mus rau 200 paj). Pib rau Bloom nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, Bloom nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Sab laug tom qab lub paj yog thawv ntawm noob ("npas"). Koj tuaj yeem sau cov noob tom qab yellowing ntawm lub thawv.
Koj puas paub? Malva Lesnaya - tsuas yog paj ntawm mallow hlub ntxoov ntxoo thiab blooms tsuas nrog liab paj.
Ua tsaug rau kev xaiv ua haujlwm, lub mallow tau noj ib qho chaw tsim nyog nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm lub vaj teb, ntau hybrid ntau yam tau tshwm - ntawm ntau heights, txawv degrees ntawm Terry thiab txawv xim:
- Poj huab tais liab qab - qhov siab 75 cm (raws li ib qho tshwm sim ntawm kev hla ntawm mallow sawv thiab daj ntseg althea);
- Chater txiv ob liab dawb - qhov siab 2 m (ob zaug paj ntawm txhua qhov sib txawv);
- Nigra - yooj yim paj ntawm violet-dub xim.
Thaum twg thiab qhov twg cog rau ntawm daim duab
Thaum txiav txim siab thaum twg sow mallow nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov nroj tsuag yuav tsuas Bloom xyoo tom ntej.
Nws yog ua tau kom lub mallow blossom lub xyoo no, los ntawm cog seedlings ua ntej (Lub ib hlis ntuj-Lub peb hlis ntuj), thiab tom qab transplanting lawv mus rau hauv lub vaj.
Qhov chaw xaiv
Thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw rau cog mallow koj yuav tsum xav txog:
- Mallow xav zoo kawg nyob rau hauv lub hnub kub (nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo lub mallow paj loj hlob dim). Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau zoo zes ntawm lub hnub ci;
- Mallow zoo li lub teeb av (loam) nrog ib tug high nitrogen cov ntsiab lus, zoo aeration. Tshaj dhau noo noo yuav ua rau lub keeb kwm mus rau rot (qhov qis hauv av, qhov zoo dua). Qee lub sij hawm nws tau raug pom zoo los ua ib qho toj roob hauv av uas koj tuaj yeem tsaws tau mallow;
- ntev stalks ntawm mallow tej zaum yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm gusting cua. Nws raug nquahu kom cog mallows hauv cov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm cua, los yog ze rau ntawm phab ntsa, thaiv kev, laj kab thiab lwm yam kev pab.
- Kev hloov ntawm mallow (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug neeg laus cov nroj tsuag) yog undesirable - ib tug ntev taproot yuav puas. Rau perennial nroj tsuag xav tau ib qho chaw mus tas li.
Hnub yuav tsaws
Seeding noob nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av yog zoo tshaj plaws ua los ntawm May 25 mus rau Lub rau hli ntuj 25.
Cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas kom sow Mallow, yuav tsis ua teeb meem txawm rau ib tug novice gardener. Mallow noob loj, 2-3 qhov yuav muab tso rau hauv ib qhov (qhov tob 2 - 3 cm) (germination yuav qis).
Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv me ntsis peat. Qhov deb ntawm lub qhov yog qhov tsawg kawg yog 60 cm. Tom qab kev tua raug pov tawm los ntawm 3 nplooj, lub zog tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau sab laug nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Nrog no seeding, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav tau muaj zog txaus thiab yuav muaj peev xwm withstand lub Autumn txias.
Thaum cog seedlings cog lub sij hawm lwm yam:
- thaum sowing seedlings nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj-Lub ob hlis ntuj - cog sprouts nyob rau hauv Tej zaum;
- thaum sowing seedlings nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis - cog sprouts nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj.
- npaj ib qho tshuaj ntsuab (cov khoom sib xyaw rau cov zaub ntoo, cov ntsev ua kua zaub) thiab peat pots;
- xaiv mallow noob (feem ntau cov noob zoo yog 1.5-2 xyoo ntawm cia) thiab tsau ua ntej sowing hauv dej sov (+ 47 ° C);
- sow noob;
- tom qab seedlings tau pov peb peb nplooj, koj muaj peev xwm dhia mallow. Tom qab xaiv, peb loj hlob sprouts nyob rau hauv peat pots (hauv paus yuav kho nrog poov tshuaj permanganate);
- tswj cov hom ntawm +18,5 rau 22 ° S;
- ob lub lis piam ua ntej qhov kev npaj disembarkation - npau npau (coj mus rau ib lub sam thiaj los yog tshav dav hlau, nce qhov ntev ntawm kev nyob);
- cog seedlings on lub cuab ntxhiab (qhov deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog tsawg kawg 60 cm).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Loj hlob seedlings, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv nyias peat khob - nrog ntxiv transplantation qhov txaus ntshai ntawm tsis ua lub keeb kwm ntawm mallow yog txo ob peb zaug.
Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas ntawm mallow
Mallow tsis yog ib qho kev cog qoob loo thiab tsis tas yuav kho mob. Raws li ib txoj cai, nws los rau watering, pub, pruning, tying, npaj rau lub caij ntuj no.
Watering thiab fertilizing cov av
Mallow tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntau thiab ntau watering. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub thiab lub sij hawm rains, mallow yuav tsum tau watered ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab mallow nrog li niaj zaus nrog nrog ib tug me me ntawm cov dej.
Nyob rau hauv ntub thiab txias huab cua, koj muaj peev xwm ua yam tsis muaj watering (thiaj li tsis mus provigated fungi). Tom qab watering nws yog ntshaw kom loosen cov av. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog ua txhua ob lub lim tiam.
Lub fertile av tsis xav tau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Yog hais tias cov av yog cov neeg pluag, ces ib lub lim tiam ua ntej flowering nws muaj peev xwm yuav pub nrog tsawg concentration ntawm phosphate-poov tshuaj fertilizer. Koj muaj peev xwm periodically mulch lub ntiaj teb nrog compost.
Trimming thiab Garter
Mallow stalks, 2-2.5 m siab (tab sis lawv muaj zog zoo) tuaj yeem tawg thaum lub sij hawm flowering nrog muaj zog gusts ntawm cua. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom khi lawv mus rau qhov kev txhawb nqa.
Feem ntau yog khi rau laj kab, laj kab. Thaum lawv tsis tuaj, pegs raug tsav mus rau hauv av (tsawg kawg 1.5 m siab) thiab lawv khi lub mallow rau lawv.
Mallow pruning yog siv los tshem tawm wilted buds. Txiav tawm cov tuag paj nrog ntse txiab peb xyuas cov tsos ntawm cov tshiab inflorescences.
Thaum yug me nyuam hybrid ntau yam ntawm mallow, cuttings yog txiav: nyob ze lub hauv paus - rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog, qhov ntxeev ntawm qia - rau lub caij ntuj sov cog.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov qe ntawm hybrid mallows feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm ntsuab cuttings los yog faib (hybrid yam ntxwv los ntawm cov noob tsis tau niam txiv, thiab ntau ntau yam tsis tsim noob tag nrho).
Vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no
Npaj rau wintering yog yooj yim. Yog hais tias tsis muaj frosts loj, ces tus perennial mallow yuav yooj yim ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no.
Txawm li cas los, loj heev frosts tau ua mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag los yog ib txhia tshwj xeeb rhiab heev).
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau npog lub mallow nrog qhuav nplooj, spruce ceg, fiberglass, cellophane, lwm yam zoo li
Tej zaum cov kab tsuag thiab kab mob, nrog lawv
Mallows yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm ib tug kab mob kev nyuab - xeb mallow. Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob yog tshaj noo noo. Nplooj zoo li rusting stains. Xws li nplooj yuav tsum tau txiav thiab hlawv.
Lub mallow yuav tsum raug kho los ntawm kev sib tov ntawm colloidal sulfur los yog kev npaj tshwj xeeb (Amistar 250 SC, Nimrod 250 EC, Topsin M 500 SC, Dithane Neotec 75 WG, Score 250 EC, Discus 500 WG).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias lub paj yog heev cuam tshuam, nws yog zoo dua mus tshem nws, yog li ntawd raws li tsis mus kis tau tus so. Gardeners pom zoo kom tsis txhob cog mallow nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam cuam tshuam rau ob xyoos.
Lwm cov kab mob muaj xws li qia mob qog nqaij hlav, powdery mildew, mosaic virus. Mob nplooj yuav tsum raug rhuav tshem. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum siv ("Phyto-Doctor", "Mikosan-B", "Trichodermin", thiab lwm yam).
Ntawm pests - tej lub vaj slugs nres lub mallow. Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nrog lawv cov tshuaj, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua mus sau rau hauv cuab (dav thiab ntiav trays nrog npias), uas yuav muab tso nyob ib ncig ntawm lub mallow.
Kev siv mallow nyob rau ntau qhov chaw
Malva yog nto moo tsis tsuas rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj rau nws cov khoom tseem ceeb:
- kho. Tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj medicinal thaj chaw (tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov keeb kwm). Decoctions yog siv cov kws expectorant, anti-inflammatory, enveloping agents;
- kev. Mallow nrog maub liab paj yog siv rau cov xim wine thiab ntaub plaub. Mallow Melyuka yog siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm ropes thiab hemp;
- zaub mov. Ntau mallow ntau yam yog edible (koj muaj peev xwm ua noj, simmer, noj raw). Mallow muaj ntau ntxiv ntawm cov protein thiab yog siv los ua noj hauv cov tsiaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Mallow yog ib lub zoo kawg nkaus zib mu nroj tsuag (tag nrho lwm yam paj yog twb fading).
Koj puas paub? Ancient cov neeg Mis Kas siv cov noob mallow los ua ib txoj kev ntxuav cov cua ntawm ntau yam microbes. Cov koom pheej ntxiv calachik hauv kas fes. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb thiab Tibet, mallow noob ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug seasoning rau ntau yam lauj kaub tais diav.
