Yuam ntawm Poltava hens: peb cia siab rau productivity thiab yooj yim ntawm txij nkawm

Nyob rau hauv tsiaj husbandry, tshiab breeds yog hom kab mob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, uas yog tsim artificially los ntawm kev hla kev twb muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov qub tib si. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog ua los ua kom muaj kev tsim txiaj lossis lwm yam tseem ceeb.

Thaum yug me nyuam tshiab breeds ntawm chickens, lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua si los ntawm lawv cov qe-pw thiab nqaij yam ntxwv, uas yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau xaiv ib tug noog rau ntxiv yug me nyuam.

Yog hais tias koj tseem xav nyob rau hauv zoo breeds ntawm chickens, peb xav ntsib nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Poltava yug, uas tau ciav poultry ua liaj ua teb rau ntau xyoo nrog lawv versatility thiab unpretentiousness.

Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia txog Poltava hens thiab lawv lub ntsiab ntawm cov tsiaj qus

Cov qaib, uas yog cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj, uas yuav tau sib tham nyob rau hauv qhov tsab xov xwm, tau paub thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau tshaaj tawm ntawm txhua qhov kws tuaj tshaaj hab nthuav tawm cov tuab neeg tuav ntaub ntawv txug kev qe muag - ib tug qaib ua tau, ntawm qhov nruab nrab, muaj txug 100 qe ib xyoo.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev cog qoob loo ua rau cov txiv nyuj qus nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, cov neeg ua noj qaib tag nrho ua rau cov tsiaj nyeg tag nrho.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov tub txawg leej, ua tsaug rau cov hom phiaj ntawm kev sib tw, tseem muaj kev tswj hwm los tswj cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov qub qub yug tsiaj thiab tsim ib qho tshiab Poltava.

Niaj hnub no tus yug yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nws cov kev coj ntawm tsim tau, uas piav txog nws prevalence. Nws kuj yog tsim nyog sau cia tias Muaj peb subspecies ntawm cov qaib, uas mas txawv ntawm txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv hom ntawm feathering:

Dub Poltava qaib. Heev ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj, nws thaj chaw tsuas yog siv rau ib qho ntawm cov cheeb tsam tsev kawm ntawv hauv cheeb tsam Poltava. Txog hnub tim, lawv tus lej tsuas yog siv li ob peb lub xyoo xwb, tab sis cov neeg cog qoob loo thiab biologists tab tom sim khaws cia thiab tawm tsam lawv.

Zozulistye (cuckoo) Poltava chickens. Sawv cev ntawm no subspecies nyiam cov xim ntawm ib hom plumage zoo nkauj heev, tab sis lawv kuj yog nyob rau lub nkoj ntawm kev tuag. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov xim, lawv muaj ntau nyob rau hauv ntau nrog striped Plymouthrocks, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Poltava, nrog rau kev hloov ntawm lub teeb thiab dub kab txaij, thawj (lub teeb) sawb yog dav.

Poltava chickens av nplaum xim. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, uas yog siv rau yug tsiaj txhu loj thiab nrog kev pabcuam uas cov pejxeem tau muab nrog nqaij qaib thiab qe. Cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm qhov subspecies no yog suav tias yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv zos, hla nrog Fawn-xim Orpingtons tuaj ntawm teb chaws Europe, cov Viandoths thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm New Hampshire yug.

Thaum lub sij hawm hauv Soviet, qhov no yog ntau tus sawv cev ntawm cov nqaij qaib teb ntawm ntau lub teb chaws, tab sis hnub no tus naj npawb ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev yog pheej txiav zuj zus. Niaj hnub no, av nplaum Poltava hens yog lub npe raws li ib tug yug ntawm nqaij-tsim tsim tau.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov zoo ntawm kev ceev thiab yug me nyuam Poltava chickens?

Thawj qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas tag nrho cov neeg ua liaj ua teb poultry uas tau puas dealt nrog Poltava hens them sai sai yog lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab. Lawv yog cov tsis muaj kev piam sij, teb zoo heev rau tus tswv. Vim li no, lawv tuaj yeem ceev tau nrog cov qaib ntawm lwm cov breeds thiab lwm cov tsiaj txhu.

Lwm cov qoob loo zoo dua ntawm no yug yog zoo peev xim zoo. Kev thauj mus los lossis kev hloov chaw tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau lawv qhov hnyav lossis qhov coj tsis zoo.

Qhov kev siv tau no ua rau koj yooj yim tuaj yeem loj hlob tuaj rau ob qho tib si ntawm cov tsiaj tshwj xeeb poultry, thiab nyob rau hauv cov tsev muaj nqaij mos, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub tawb variant. Txawm nyob rau hauv feem ntau meager cov neeg mob yam uas tsis tau taug kev Poltava yug qaib tseem qhia tias qe heev tshaj plaws thiab tseem loj hlob zoo thiab nce ceeb thawj.

Rau hnub tim, no yug tseem zoo ntxiv, uas tau tso cai rau peb los tsim ib txoj kab kev mob caj dab uas muaj zog heev (14-3). Nws qhov kom zoo dua lies nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias nws muaj ib tug high tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob xws li neoplasm thiab salmonellosis. Li no, cov ciaj nqi ntawm cov noog ho nce, uas ua rau lawv cov qe ntau txiaj ntsig. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tib lub caj dab tuaj yeem khav ntawm cov qe thiab cov qe loj heev.

Lwm qhov zoo dua uas yug me nyuam yug yog nws cov exclusivity. Vim lub fact tias muaj ob peb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov dub thiab zozulist hens, lawv yog bred hauv cov herds sau, uas cia lawv khaws cia lawv cov noob caj noob ces hav.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas Poltava qaib heev ncav cuag niam txiv kom loj hlob thiab muaj nyhav. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau rau hli, cockerels feem ntau hnyav 1.5 kilograms, los yog ntau dua.. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, cov nqaij ntawm cov qaib no yog ib qho yooj yim amazing rau nws saj. Nws yog li kev sib tw thiab muaj kua uas nws muaj nuj nqis siab tshaj cov nqaij ntawm lub nrov Leggorn nyiam heev.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov yug: ua li cas thiaj li tsis tuaj yeem coj kom poob mus rau qhov pauv au?

Nws tsis yog coj txawv txawv, tab sis txawm xws li ib tug zoo nkauj yug ntawm chickens raws li Poltava, muaj ib tug drawback - lub tendency rau kev rog. Tseeb, nws tsis manifest nws tus kheej heev, tab sis nws tuaj yeem coj tau ib co mus rau koj tsev neeg. nyiaj txiag poob:

• lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej ntawm cov rog thiab hens yog txo los ntawm ntau lub sij hawm;
• qe-tso diminishes los yog nres tag;
• nyob rau hauv xws li chickens lub instinct ntawm hen yog dulled.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom muab cov noog tsuas yog balanced pub, saturating noj nrog ntau ntawm proteins. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo los pub zaub mov rau lawv tib lub sijhawm.. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog kev taug kev mus, uas yuav pub qaib quab qee yam ntawm lawv lub zog, kub hnyiab txawm tias cov ntaub so ntswg uas twb muaj lawm.

Yog tias koj cog rau hauv cov roj teeb ntawm lub cellular thiab tsis muaj lub sijhawm los tso taug kev, ces nco ntsoov nrog cov pob zeb hauv lawv cov khoom noj. Lawv yuav rub tus chyme thiab ua kom lub zog digestive.

Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb xyuas tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus tsiaj ntawm noog yog qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lawv sab nrauv. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho zoo sib xws, qaib yuav suav tau tias tsis yog purebred thiab tsis lees paub.

Los ntawm dab tsi breed muaj peev xwm ua tau Poltava chickens yuav qhia?

Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias rau yug Poltava chickens nyob rau tom tsev koj yuav mus yuav cov neeg laus, nco ntsoov them sai sai rau li yam ntxwv:

• lub taub hau yog nruab nrab me me, raws li qhov loj me me ntawm lub cev ntawm qaib thiab roosters, nws yuav txawm zoo li tsawg heev;
• lub crest yog es loj nyob rau hauv roosters, thiab tag nrho invisible nyob rau hauv hens; muaj lub zoo li sawv zoo nkauj, tiam sis zoo li cov nplooj ntoos txawv; cov xim ntawm lub zuag yog liab;
• pob ntseg lobes kuj nyiam xim liab thiab muaj qhov nruab nrab ntev;
• cov noog lub ntsej muag kuj yuav liab los yog liab dawb, them nrog cov teeb me me nyob saum toj;
• tus kaus ncauj yog qhov tsis yog luv luv, yuav luag ncaj, tsuas yog mus rau qhov kev txhawj xeeb yuav luag tawm ntawm qhov hauv qab, xim daj;
• lub caj dab yog luv thiab theej tuab, uas tsim lub tswv yim tias nws yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv siab, thiab lub nraub qaum kis tau zoo los ntawm lub taub hau los ntawm ib qho kev nkhaus;
• lub hauv siab yog qhov dav, nws yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug, thiab sawv me ntsis rau pem suab;
• Vim yog qhov loj loj ntawm cov noog, lawv cov nraub qaum ntev heev thiab dav, nws muaj ib txoj hauj lwm tav toj, tab sis cov lush plumage muab lub tswv yim ntawm nkhaus hauv nkhaus;
• Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub cev ntawm Poltava hens yog ntiav thiab elongated; yog tias koj saib nyob rau hauv cov noog los ntawm sab, nws cov duab muab lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug boomerang;
• tis muaj me me, me heev rau lub cev;
• ob txhais ceg ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg yog dav spaced, tsis muaj plumage, yog xim daj; muaj qhov nruab nrab ntev;
• tus tw txheej ntawm cov cocks txawm yog nruab nrab thiab muaj kev sib tw yooj yim ntawm cov xim ntawm cov xim sib txawv, muaj cov suab tsis muaj braids; ua ke nrog rau lub cev, cov lus sib tw ua obtus kaum;
• Poltava av nplaum qaib yog cov xim daj liab muag.

Av nplaum Poltava chickens muaj lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb xim ntawm feathers: nws yog lub teeb daj los yog daj daj. Tsuas yog cov tswv yim ntawm lub davhlau contour thiab kev sib tw ua plaub xwb. Kev hnav tsoo ntawm cov me nyuam qaib ntawm ob qho tib si thaum muaj hnub nyoog muaj lub teeb xim daj.

Nws kuj muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm roosters thiab hens ntawm no yug. Yog li, cov kab mob coj tau ntau dua qhov tseem ceeb, nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia lawv du, tab sis kuj decisive. Nyob rau hauv av nplaum roosters, lub feathers nyob rau tis muaj ib tug maub daj tsos nqaij daim tawv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caj dab - Golden. Lawv kuj yog qhov sib txawv los ntawm ib tug loj comb, uas muaj tsib cov hniav ntawm hom. Tail ntawm cov lauj kaub yog dub kiag li, tsuas yog cov braids thiaj li muaj qhov ntsuab ntawm cov xim ntsuab.

Cov khoom tsim tau ntawm Poltava chickens: qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov cim nyob rau hauv xov tooj

Diluting Poltava chickens yog tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig vim tias lawv yog cov xeeb ntxwv los ntawm kev ua tau zoo heev. Chickens muaj peev xwm nqa thawj qe ntawm hnub nyoog 140-150 hnub. Nrog rau, yog rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm tus poj niam xws li qe qai-tso yog tsis tshua muaj neeg xav tsis raug, ces rau cov qaib xws li ib qho kev ua yog qhov qub heev. Hais txog cov qe muag khoom zuag qhia tag nrho them sai sai rau cov yeeb yam nram qab no:

• qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo cov qe tias ib tug qaib tuaj yeem sib txawv li ntawm 160 mus rau 217;
• cov ntaub ntawv-tawm hens tsa rau ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, tau cim tseg ntawm 290 qe ib xyoos;
• qe ntawm tus sawv cev ntawm Poltava yug yog loj heev, lawv cov nyhav ntawm 55 mus rau 58 grams;
• Poltava chickens muaj ib tug noob noob ntawm goldenness, uas yog tso tawm tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau xim ntawm feathers, tab sis kuj nyob rau xim ntawm eggshell, uas lawv feem ntau muaj xim av xim. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv lub qhov ntswg yog tuab heev, feem ntau yog siv los ua noj thiab qhov chaw ntawm calcium;
• qe txawv hauv cov protein ntau;
• lub fertility ntawm qe yog heev siab, uas muab tib lub siab hatchability tus nqi ntawm Poltava chickens - 80-83%.

Nqaij khoom tsim tau ntawm hens ntawm piav cov tsiaj pleases tsis tsawg. Yog li, roosters ntawm kev cev xeeb tub muaj hnub nyoog nce 3-3.5 kilograms, thaum qaib hnyav ntau tsawg - tsuas yog 2.2-2.5 kilograms. Tawm ntawm tag nrho qhov ceeb thawj ntawm noog, nqaij tawm los yog tsis pub tsawg tshaj 52%, thiab pob txha - txog 11%. Lub juiciness thiab zoo saj ntawm cov nqaij ntawm Poltava chickens kom paub meej muaj cov heev nyias fatty txheej, uas yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov noog.

Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem fluff ntawm cov noog. Opereny lawv yog cov ntau heev, uas tso cai rau kom tau txais qhov loj ntawm cov khoom no. Los ntawm nws koj muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo hauv ncoo thiab featherbeds.

Nta kev yug me nyuam thiab yug me nyuam Poltava chickens nyob rau hauv tsev neeg: tswv yim tswv yim

Kev qe qaib yuav tsum pib nrog kev yuav khoom ntawm cov qaib los yog qe ntawm tus tsiaj uas koj xav tau. Qhov no yog pheej yig, tab sis nws muaj ntau yam teeb meem thiab lub sij hawm siv. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ntau tus neeg thiab siv lawv lub qe los txais lawv cov xeeb ntxwv.

Poltava chickens pom lawv tus kheej raws li chicks zoo heev, yog li koj twv yuav raug hu yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog chickens hatching. Tus txheej txheem no tsuas kav rau 20-21 hnub, yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau cog qoob loo ntawm lub qe nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Plaub Hlis - thaum ntxov May, thiaj li hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas me me tuaj nrog rau cov tuaj ntawm tshav kub thiab tsis muaj teeb meem nrog nws txoj kev loj hlob. 13-15 qe yuav pw hauv ib qaib.

Nyob rau hauv thawj hnub koj yuav tsum tau kom zoo zoo saib lub hen, yog li ntawd nws tsis tawm hauv lub zes rau ntev dhau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, pub kom lub qe nyob rau hauv nws yuav deteriorate.

Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab mus tas li pub dej thiab dej tus poj qaib.

Yuav ua li cas pub thiab yuav ua li cas kom chickens kom zag thiab tsim tau?

Lub ntsiab ntawm kev noj haus ntawm Poltava chickens yuav tsum yog pob kws nplej thiab pov tseg los ntawm lawv cov khoom. Lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem coj cov txiaj ntsim zoo rau cov noog no, tab sis yuav tau noj mov ua ke los ntawm lawv. Tab sis txij thaum pib los ntawm lawv cov yug, tus qaib yog pub millet thiab khoom noj khoom haus, uas yog ib qhov zoo heev ntawm lub zog thiab cov protein rau lawv.

Txog rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7 lub hlis, cov zaub mov zoo li no yuav tsum yog qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua, vim nws tuaj yeem pab ntxiv rau cov nqaij pob txha thiab feem ntau ntawm cov noog. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no cia rau tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub caj peev xwm ntawm Poltava chickens. Tiam sis dhau li ntawm cov khoom noj, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau me me qaib muab teeb pom kev zoo hauv tsev. Txij lub sijhawm nws tawm los ntawm lub qe, nws yuav tsum nyob ib ncig ntawm lub moos, thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm 9 lub lim tiam nws yuav tsum raug txo kom txog 9 teev.

Tom qab kov yeej cov me nyuam me hauv 7 lub lis piam, lawv yog cov zoo tshaj plaws pub rau noj tshwj xeeb, uas cov protein ntau yuav tsis pub tshaj 14%. Qhov no yuav pub kom ncav cuag cov qib siab hauv lub sij hawm luv luv thiab tag nrho nkag mus rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev puberty.

Tom qab noj mov ntawm cov neeg laus cov noog muaj xws li:

• ntau hom cereals, tab sis qhov kom zoo dua yog tseem muab cov pob kws;
• cov qoob loo cov qoob loo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raws caij nyoog, tab sis me me;
• ntsuab fodder, uas muaj peev xwm txawm raug cuam tshuam nrog me me qaib;
• ntxuav thiab tshiab dej, haus cov dej uas yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev los yog nyob ze.

Peb muaj ntau zaus sau tseg tias qhov no yog ib qho kev ua rau kev rog, yog li tsis pub muaj kev nce hauv lawv lub cev. Kev pub mis noj rau lub caij ntuj no yuav tsum yog 2 zaug hauv ib hnub, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj sov yuav muaj txaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov noog nyob ntawm txoj kev khiav. Ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm no yug yog qhov ratio ntawm txiv neej thiab pojniam: qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum muaj 8 qaib ib qho. Rau qhov zoo nyob rau cov noog no Cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ntsib:

• yog hais tias cov qaib khaws cia hauv tsev ncaj qha rau hauv pem teb, ces lawv twv yuav raug xa mus scatter lub khib nyiab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav straw, sawdust los ntawm ntoo thiab qhuav peat.
• Tab sis tsis txhob hnov ​​qab tias nws yuav tsum tau hloov tsis tu ncua kom nws tsis ntub thiab khaws freshness hauv tsev;
• Lub khob haus yuav tsum muab ntsia rau hauv ib qho chaw ci ntsa iab kom cov qaib pom nws. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau ncaj qha rau hauv tsev, tab sis hauv no daim ntawv qaib yuav da dej rau hauv nws thiab muab nws tso rau hauv chav (koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau qhov no los ntawm kev txhim kho ib qho tshwj xeeb tshaj qhov khib nyiab, los ntawm cov noog yuav lo nws lub taub hau);
• cov noog tseem yuav tsum tau npaj kom muaj ib qho chaw nrog xuab zeb los yog tshauv qhov twg lawv tuaj yeem ntxuav thiab ntxuav lawv cov plaub;
• Sim muab koj cov tsiaj nrog kev mus taug kev, uas lawv yuav muaj peev xwm zuj zus ib txhia ntawm lawv lub zog, nrog rau ntau hom lawv cov zaub mov nrog kev pab ntawm ntsuab fodder thiab ntau yam kab.