Ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm Sweet Cherry "Bryansk Pink" occupies ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb.
Qhov ntau yam tshwm sim tsis ntev dhau los nyob rau hauv lub xeev Register ntawm Russia, tab sis ua tsaug rau qhov saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lawv tsos, nws yog pom nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm pib xyaum ua gardeners hnub no.
Peb yuav qhia rau koj txog nws cov nta thiab yuav cog thiab tu ib tsob ntoo.
Nqe lus piav txog lub Bryansk Pink Sweet Cherry ntau yam - txawv nta
Qhov no ntau tau raug ua tsaug rau cov dag zog ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Lyupin Research Institute, ntawm cov uas yog cov npe nrov xws li A.I. Astakhov thiab M. V. Kanshin. Rau yug me nyuam ntau yam "Bryansk Pink" tau siv seedlings ntawm Cherry "Muscat Dub", paub los ntawm lwm lub npe - "Negritenok". Txij li thaum xyoo 1993, ntau yam Bryansk Pink tau txais nws qhov kev zoning tsuas yog nyob hauv Central Region.
Yam ntxwv ntawm Bryansk liab dawb qab zib cherry berries
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mature lawv ncav medium loj. Lawv qhov nyhav ntawm 4 mus rau 5.5 grams. Qhov siab ntawm berries on nruab nrab yog 2 centimeters, dav - 2.1. Cov duab no yog sib xyaw ua ke nrog tib lub ntsiab lus, uas ua rau nws zoo nkauj heev. Lawv yog cov ua los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev lom zem, lub qia uas yog nruab nrab ntev thiab tuab. Lub ntsiab xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog liab, muaj ib tug yam ntxwv speckled qauv tshaj tag nrho saum npoo ntawm Berry.
Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog xim daj. Cov qauv ntawm lub pulp yog ntom thiab muaj kua, tsiag ntawv los ntawm cracking. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj xim thiab yuav luag tshuav. Nyob rau hauv saj lawv yog cov heev Sweet. Kev cob qhia cov tswv yim qhab nia 4.1 points. 100 grams cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txog 14.2 mg ntawm vitamin C, uas ua rau lawv pab tau heev.
Thiab qhov ratio ntawm acids rau sugars nyob rau hauv lub biochemical nyob tus yub ntawm cherries yog hais li 1:20. Los ntawm txoj kev, raws li lawv lub hom phiaj intended, lub berries yog universal, haum tsis tsuas yog siv rau hauv sau ntawv tshiab, tab sis kuj rau ntau hom preservation.
Pob txha nyob ze ntawm lub berries Ntau ntau "Bryansk Pink" muaj ib qho ovoid duab, nrog ib qho puag ncig thiab puag. Nws hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 0.27 grams, uas yog sib npaug rau 7.3% ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm berries. Differs nyob rau hauv lub teeb xim av thiab nruab nrab degree ntawm separability ntawm pulp.
Kev piav qhia ntawm txawv qhov zoo ntawm tsob ntoo
Tsob ntoo ntawm ntau yam maj mam hlob, tab sis los ntawm 5 xyoos nws nkag mus rau thawj fruiting. Nyob rau hauv fruiting hnub nyoog, nws muaj ib tug loj me me. Qab zib yas Nws muaj ib tug dav pyramidal duab, muaj zog heev cov ceg ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ceg raug tsa nyob rau hauv ib qho mob kaum rau lub pob tw, tsim ib qho nruab nrab ntawm crown thickening. Nws muaj ntau ntawm fruitful formations, uas nyob rau hauv no ntau yam yog bouquet twigs.
Tsob ntoo tuaj ntau yam "Bryansk Pink" nruab nrab, vim qhov loj me me ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib hectare yog 55 centners, tab sis lub siab tshaj plaws tus naj npawb ntawm dej siab xyoo yog 103 centners. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, tsob ntoo nkag lig, uas tseem ua lig lig ripening ntawm berries. Tsob ntoo tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kheej-pollination.
Distinctive nta ntawm tua
Hluas Cherry tua "Bryansk Pink", uas loj hlob fertilely heev intensively nyob rau hauv ib lub caij fertile, yog heev txawm thiab du. Xim tua lub teeb xim av. Lub buds, uas yog tsim on tua, yog ntawm medium loj thiab ovoid nyob rau hauv lub vegetative lub sij hawm, thiab oval nyob rau hauv lub generative lub sij hawm. Petiole muaj nruab nrab qhov loj, thickened., Them nrog pigmentation. Cov nplooj yog loj thiab ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim.
Inflorescencestsim nyob rau hauv lub bouquet ceg, muaj tsuas yog ntawm peb lub paj. Lub paj yog me me loj, muaj ib tug phaj-puab rim. Cov paj nplaum paj tsis sib kov, lawv txawv los ntawm ib daig xim dawb. Calyx ntawm ib lub paj ntawm no tsi ntawm cherries iav nyob rau hauv cov duab. Ib qho txawv txav ntawm cov paj yog lawv ntev ntev pistils thiab stamens.
Zoo zoo ntawm ntau yam
Gardeners hu lub meej mom ntawm ntau yam kev txwv kev loj hlob ntawm ib tsob ntoo, uas nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm fruiting muab ntau tshaj nws lub zog tsis mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg thiab tua, tab sis mus rau fruiting. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tsob ntoo thiab nws cov paj buds muaj ib tug zoo ncaj theem ntawm tsis kam mus rau lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts. Lwm zoo dua ntawm Bryansk Pink Sweet Cherry ntoo yog lub siab ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub pob tw thiab skeletal ceg tawm tsam sunburn, thiab tiv thaiv tawm lub Frost.
Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov neeg caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, frosting ntawm tsob ntoo thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus kab mob tsis tsim tawm ib lub cev siab tshaj 14%.
Berries ntau yam yog moderately cuam tshuam los ntawm rot. Muaj kev siab ntev ntawm ntau yam rau lub yeej ntawm coccomycosis, moniliosis. Tsis tshua muaj heev, nws yog cuam tshuam los ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm cherries, nodosa. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis tawg thaum hnyav los nag thiab av noo. Muaj ib qho kev nce siab ntawm cherries.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Sweet Cherry "Bryansk Pink"
Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam yog nws tsis muaj peev xwm rau tus kheej-pollinate. Yog li, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm qab zib cherries nyob rau hauv koj lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev koj yuav tau cog lwm yam ntau yam ntawm no hom ntawm vaj ntoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators rau Bryansk Pink yuav xws li Sweet ntau yam li Iput, Ovstyuzhenka, Tyutchevka thiab Revna. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pistils ntawm no ntau yam yuav cuam tshuam heev yog thaum lub sij hawm lub flowering lub sij hawm kub tee hauv qab 3 ° S.
Peb cog cov Bryansk Pink qab zib Cherry ntawm tus kheej lub cev
Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo coj ntau cov qoob loo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog tsis yog los xaiv txoj cai ntau yam, tab sis kuj yuav cog nws kom raug. Tom qab tag nrho, cog nrog tsis tsuas yog tus txheej txheem ntawm burrowing ib tug hluas tsob ntoo rau hauv av, tab sis kuj xaiv ib tug zoo sapling, npaj ib tug aub tsiv, xaiv ib tug av, ib qho chaw rau cog thiab lub xyoo ntawm lub xyoo. Yog li no, yog tias koj txiav txim siab cog zaub hauv koj cov zaj paj huam "Bryansk Pink", ua ntej txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus qhia nram qab no.
Cherry cog lub caij
Feem ntau, cov ntoo hauv vaj tse yog transplanted rau qhov chaw loj hlob mus tas li. caij nplooj ntoo hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg. Tab sis tseem, txhua hom yuav tsum muaj ib tug neeg mus kom ze uas yuav coj mus rau hauv tus account lub degree ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm los mus ua kom paus thiab endure frosts.
Cherries yog pom zoo kom cog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tom qab kawg melting ntawm snow. Sai li sai tau cov av tau tsiv tawm ntawm lub Frost, thiab koj muaj peev xwm pib khawb nws - tam sim ntawd khawb ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv cherry seedling. Yog tias koj cog tsob ntoo thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, nws yuav muaj peev xwm coj cag zoo heev thiab los ntawm lub sijhawm pib ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg lub caij nplooj zeeg nws yuav twb yog ib tsob ntoo muaj zog nrog lub hauv paus cag.
Tab sis txawm nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, txoj kev cog qoob loo yuav tsum tsis txhob qeeb, txij li ib qho uas twb tau tswj hwm rau hauv qhov chaw qub lawm, tsob ntoo yuav siv qis rau ntawm ib qho tshiab, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kab mob thiab tsis pom loj hlob txog qhov kawg ntawm lub sij hawm vegetative.
Txawm hais tias nws yog tau kom cog cherries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, gardeners yog nyob rau hauv ib tug hurry mus dissuade xws li ib kauj ruam. Lawv sib cav lawv cov lus pom zoo tias cov tub ntxhais hluas sapling ntawm ib tug Cherry qab zib muaj loj nreg, uas yog heev yooj yim rau tsawg kub. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias ib tug sapling muaj peev xwm ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no, ces nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yuav tsuas yog muaj ib tug noj qab haus huv pob tw. Yog hais tias koj twb tau yuav ib tug Bryansk liab Sweet cherry seedling, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua mus khawb nws nyob rau hauv ib tug me me zawj kom txog rau thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab npog nws nrog ib tug loj txheej ntawm snow.
Qhov twg cog nroj tsuag lws suav?
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam, qab zib Cherry yuav siv sij hawm hauv paus hauv qhov chaw kom muaj hnub ci thiab tsis muaj cua txias ntsiag. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tsob ntoo yuav loj hlob tsis zoo, thiab ob, cua tau tawm ntawm koj tsis muaj qoob loo, yog tias tag nrho cov paj tau torn tawm. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov lus pom muaj nrog rau yav qab teb los yog sab qab teb sab hnub poob thiab cog tsob ntoo ntawm sab hnub ci ntawm cov vaj tse.
Tsis tas li ntawd, peb sapling yuav tsum tsis txhob overshadow lwm cov ntoo loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tso lub cherry orchard, qhov deb ntawm cov ntoo ntawm ib kab yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3 meters. Thiab qhov deb ntawm kab - 5. Ntxiv mus, rau cog cherries tuaj tos ib me ntsis nce qhov chaw, los yog sprinkle ib tug me me dag Mound.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog qhov Autumn kev saib xyuas ntawm Cherry
Av rau cog
Sweet cherries xav tau fertile av uas yuav ntws zoo thiab tsis tuav dej. Yog li ntawd, av nplaum thiab xuab zeb xau raug txiav tawm. Tab sis loamy xau uas zoo uas muaj oxygen yuav ua hauj lwm zoo heev. Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo kom muaj cua txaus thiab dej, cov av yuav tsum tau tas li loosened thiab watered.
Tsis tas li ntawd, theem ntawm av yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib lub tob ntawm yam tsawg kawg yog 1.5 meters (pub kom koj yuav tsum khawb ib tug drainage ditch). Yog tias tsis muaj lwm txoj hau kev, zoo li av nplaum thiab av av, ib txhia yuav siv tau. Koj tuaj yeem muab ntau xuab zeb ntxiv rau qhov kev xaiv thawj zaug, thiab lwm txoj hauv kev - av nplaum. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, ua ntau cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov kev npaj ntawm no hom ntawm av yuav tsum pib 1-2 xyoo ua ntej cog lub seedling.
Dab tsi koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov sapling?
- Nws yog pom zoo kom yuav ib tug sapling nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, txij li thaum nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no tias ib tug ntau loj tus naj npawb ntawm ob qho tib si lub ntau yam thiab seedlings lawv tus kheej yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub lag luam. Qhov no yuav cia koj xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau cov ntoo.
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntoo - nws yuav tsum pom ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Yog tias tsis muaj, ces tsob ntoo ntawd tau hlob ntawm lub pob zeb, thiab yog li ntawd nws muaj kev txaus ntshai ntawm ntog mus rau ib tsob ntoo uas tsis yog varietal kiag li.
- Nws yog ib qho ua tau kom rov qab ua dua ib qho qab zib qab zib raws li hauv ib xyoos (qhov siab ntawm ib tug sapling ntawm 75 centimeters), thiab nyob rau ntawm ob-xyoos-laus (qhov siab - 1 meter). Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm nws cov hauv paus system, uas yuav tsum muaj ntau ramifications, yuav muaj zog thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
- Thaum thauj, lub seedling yog pom zoo kom yuav lub qhov txhab mus rau hauv ib daim ntaub ntub dej, tshaj uas mus rau qhwv rau hauv ib lub txheej ntawm oilcloth.
- Thiab tsis tau, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nws yog zoo dua tsis cog ib sapling - ua raws li cov lus qhia hais tias nws yog zoo dua mus khawb ib sapling rau lub caij ntuj no.
Direct cog ntawm Bryansk liab ntau ntau qab zib Cherry ntoo
Thawj yam ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj cov av thiab khawb ib lub qhov. Nws yog qhov zoo heev rau khawb tag nrho lub cuab yeej thiab ntxiv txog 10 kilograms ntawm cov organic fertilizer (ib 1 m2). Tsis tas li ntawd, superphosphates thiab nitrate yog nkag tau rau hauv cov av, xam rau ntawm tib cheeb tsam - tsis tshaj 200 grams. Acid acids yog quenched nrog txiv qaub, contributing ib tug tag nrho ntawm 450 grams ntawm no yam khoom ib square meter.
Tom qab ntawd digging ib qhovuas nws tob yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 60 centimeters. Qhov dav yuav tsum tsim nyog. Ua ntej txhua yam peb khawb ib ceg txheem ntseeg nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub, uas yuav pab raws li kev txhawb nqa rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib. Tom ntej mus rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv koj yuav tsum tau sau ib tug sib tov ntawm av thiab fertilizer. Qhov sib tov sib xyaw no yog sau rau hauv daim nplaub tshev thiab me ntsis compacted. Ib txheej ntawm ordinary, uas tsis yog-fertilized av yuav tsum tau poured tshaj nws.
Tom ntej, sim mus re-tshuaj ntsuam ntawm seedlings. Yog hais tias qhuav keeb kwm yog - txo lawv rau 6-10 teev dej thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nroj tsuag nws. Tom ntej, noj ib sapling thiab poob rau hauv lub qhov taub. Nco ntsoov tias lub hauv paus caj dab ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum nyob ntawm 5 centimeters saum toj no cov av.
Slowly poob pw tsaug zog lub keeb kwm ntawm cov av. Npog nws nyob rau hauv ib nrab, koj yuav tsum compact hauv av thiab ncuav ib thoob dej rau hauv lub qhov taub. Tom ntej no, peb sau lub qhov taub mus rau qhov kawg, compact nws thiab ua ib tug me me rau cov menyuam uas yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis tau dej. Thiab ib txwm, peb tau dej ib sapling, siv 1-2 thoob dej.
Tom qab cog thiab dej cov av ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw ntawm seedling yuav tsum tau mulched. Rau qhov no nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv peat los yog humus. Qhov no yog ua kom txuag kom ya ntev hauv av thiab tu cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov ntoo.
Sweet cherry tu
Kev cai ywg dej
Cherries hlub noo noo, yog li watering yuav tsum tsis tu ncua, thiab cov av yog ib txwm hydrated (tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob overdo nws). Yog li, watering yog pom zoo ib hlis ib zaug thoob plaws hauv lub caij cog qoob loo. Ib tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 2-3 thoob rau ib tug hluas hnub nyoog, thiab 5-6 - nyob rau hauv ib tug stably fruitful.
Cov dej tsis tu ncua yuav tsum yog thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua dej tuaj mus txog 1 zaug hauv ib lub lim tiam.
Yuav ua li cas pub cherries?
Fertilizing ntoo yog feem ntau tsis nqi nws, tab sis tseem 2-3 zaug hauv ib lub xyoo ua nws txoj cai. Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, lub sapling yuav pub rau chiv muab rau hauv aub tsiv. Yog li ntawd, thawj peb lub xyoo nws tsis yog ib qho yuav tsum tau hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ob xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau thov nitrogen chiv (urea) mus rau hauv cov av, nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 120 grams per circumference lub voj voog. Nws yog pom zoo kom poob qab urea mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 10 centimeters, thiab hum cov av.
Nyob rau hauv 4 xyoo, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau fertilized nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb annular grooves, uas nyob rau hauv uas kua kua ntawm tov hnav khaub ncaws ntws. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txog 200 grams urea yog nkag tau rau hauv cov furrows, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, 350 grams granulated superphosphate ntxiv.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog zoo tshaj plaws ua nrog periodic watering.
Npaj ib tsob ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no
Ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis tsuas yog kom plam cov av, tab sis kuj mus rau dej nws. Tom qab tag nrho, thaum lub Frost noo noo yuav "khov" los ntawm qhov nce ntawm qhov ntoo, nws yog keeb kwm vim lub tswv yim noo noo yuav muaj peev xwm los txhawb lub livelihoods ntawm cherries.
Nrog ntog ntawm snow, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua rau lawv nrog tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm Sweet cherries, thiaj li yuav cawm tau cov av ntawm tob khov. Nws raug nquahu kom tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm cov kaus mom los ntawm kev nqa nws tawm nrog ib lub txiv ntoo los yog lub vov tsev.
Yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv cherries los ntawm pests thiab kab mob
Yog li hais tias tsob ntoo tsis raug mob thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm pests, nws yuav tsum tsis tu ncua tsuag nrog tshwj xeeb daws. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, feem ntau yog siv yeeb tshuaj uas muaj tsawg dua cov teeb meem rau yav tom ntej txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ntawm lawv yog tooj hlau thiab hlau vitriol, diesel roj, lub tshuaj "30" thiab urea, raws li ib qhov chaw ntawm nitrogen.
Nws yog ua tau rau counteract lub yeej ntawm fungal kab mob los ntawm txiav lub diseased ceg thiab hlawv lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob, nws tseem yog yuav tsum tau mus hlawv tag nrho cov nplooj uas tau poob los ntawm cherry ntoo.
Ntoo trimming
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, tua raug txiav kom tsim kho tus tsim ntawm berries. Nyob rau hauv tom qab, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhuav thiab puas ceg, uas tsis muaj zog ntawm tsob ntoo thiab tseem tsis dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Rau qhov yooj yim thiab correctness ntawm tsim ntawm crown cherries, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov ceg uas loj hlob mus rau hauv nws sab hauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tua tau los ntawm cov keeb kwm nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw - lawv yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus tawm.
