Qhov loj thiab saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau xaiv lub tsi ntawm Kua. Yog li ntawd, mus rau ib tug sapling - nco ntsoov mus ncaj qha kom kawm tag nrho nws cov nta.
Ntawm no piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov Lobo kua ntau yam, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm tsob ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam, thiab cov nuances ntawm kev tu cov vaj tsev no.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv txav ntawm ntau yam?
Kua ntoo "Lobo" hais txog lig los yog lub caij ntuj no, uas yog, nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen nyob rau hauv lig Autumn, los ze zog mus rau thawj Frost. Qhov no ntau yam tau los ntawm kev ua dawb ntawm pollination ntawm Mekintosh ntau yam. Qhov ntau yog tsim rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv nruab nrab climatic cheeb tsam, qhov twg nws yog xam los ntawm cov kws txawj raws li ib tug cia siab ntau yam.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam muaj nuj nqis thaum ob leeg cog cov av thaj av loj, thiab hauv cov chaw ua liaj ua teb los yog chaw tiaj nyom, vim hais tias tawm los ntau thiab ruaj khov. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav siv ob qho tib si rau khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Nta txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Lobo"
Slaw txiv apples "Lobo" loj lojtxawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev noj haus ntawm tsob ntoo los yog hauv cov huab cua tsis zoo, lawv yuav muaj qhov nruab nrab. Cov duab ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo los siav yog sib npaug-conical, tej zaum kuj yuav ncaj-sib npaug. Tsis yog ribbed, nrog ib tug du ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas muaj ib tug ncaj khaus paj ntaub.
Nyob rau hauv cov xim - yellowish-ntsuab nrog ib tug striped blush los ntawm marble rau xim av-liab. Vim lub xub ntiag cover, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv cov xim hloov pauv, ua burgundy. Loj subcutaneous me ntsis yog pom meej rau ntawm fetus, tab sis lawv tsis muab tso rau hauv loj xov tooj.
Lub qia tsis loj, thickened ntawm qhov ntxeev. Lub funnel ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog dav txaus thiab tob, uas tsis cia pedunus mus tshaj nws cov kev txwv. Lub tais ntawm cov txiv apples "Lobo" yog me ntsis ribbed, me me loj.
Khob txiv hmab txiv ntoo mature me me, nws tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si hauv lub kaw thiab hauv ib nrab-qhib lub xeev. Cov leeg qis, uas yog qhov dav dav, tab sis muaj qhov nruab nrab qhov tob, muaj ib lub khob khoob zoo li lub qab. Lub plawv nrog cov ceg ntoo nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog me me, lub plawv-puab. Cov Ntoo Noob yuav raug kaw lossis ib nrab-qhib.
Cov xim ntawm nqaij ntawm cov txiv apples "Lobo" yog dawb. Los ntawm tus qauv nws nplua-grained nrog kom ntau kua txiv. Saj yog maj mam, qab zib-qaub.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no muaj ntau npaum li ntawm ascorbic acid, uas qhov nruab nrab 10.7 mg rau 100 g ntawm pulp.
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntoo thiab yas
Tsob Ntoo qhov no ntau yam yoo loj hlob ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog. Thaum xub thawj, nws muaj ib lub qw yas, uas vam khom rau qhov siab. Lub crown ntawm ib tug paub tab ntoo tau ib tug dav sib npaug zoo, me ntsis diluted vim lub txos ntawm ceg.
Tsob ntoo qhov siab - qhov nruab nrab. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen on kolchatka, twigs thiab dhau xyoo txoj kev loj hlob.
Dab tsi yog qhov tua ntawm Lobo kua ntoo zoo li?
Lub thickness ntawm tua yog nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv cov duab, lawv yog me ntsis curved, articulated, me ntsis qis. Maub xim av xim ntawm cov yub muaj ib co kua nplaum xim qab zib. Nyob rau tua ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lentils raug tsim ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm oval. Qhov deb ntawm lub pob hlav ntawm tua yog qhov nruab nrab.
On qhov tua tsim medium thiab loj nplooj ntawm ntsuab. Nplooj ntoos - oval los yog ovoid. Qhov ntxeev ntawm nplooj ntoos yog sib, thiab lub hauv paus yog lub plawv-puab. Ntawd yog cuam tshuam thiab ntsws. Petioles muaj ntsis zoo ib yam rau cov ntoo ntoo thiab muaj cov me me.
Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam
Ntawm cov txiaj ntsim ntawm kua "Lobo" hauv qab no yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg:
- ruaj thiab siab yields qhov no ntau yam, uas tau sau txhua xyoo;
- loj loj ntawm cov kua txiv apples;
- zoo saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- kev nthuav qhia zoo thiab kev txav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- drought siab kamdab tsi pab rau qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo.
Tsis muaj ntau yam
Lub ntsiab disadvantage ntawm no ntau yam yog luv luv txee lub neej ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis lawv ripen tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lig Autumn. Tsis kam mus Frost ntawm qib kawm nruab nrab, tib yam li ua ntej kev sov siab. Kab mob xws li scab thiab powdery mildew yog ua tau.
Npaj txhij rau cog Kua ntoo "Lobo"
Kev cog cov txiv ntoo hauv cov ceg ntoo muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog kom thiaj li tau cov txiv ntoo zoo.
Dab tsi yog qhov tswv yim cog qoob loo?
Nyob rau hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum them nyiaj rau qhov loj li cas ib tug ntoo hlob tuaj txog. Vim hais tias medium-qhov loj qhov me ntoo raug ntawm Lobo ntau yam, qhov deb ntawm seedlings yuav txog 3, -3.5 meters. Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus pw ib lub vaj, qhov dav ntawm kab ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum tau sab laug nyob rau hauv 4.5-5 meters.
Yog hais tias koj cog rootstocks on qub srednerosly ntoo, koj yuav tsum nce qhov deb nruab nrab ntawm xws seedlings los ntawm lwm lub meter, uas yog, mus rau 4.5 meters.
Nws kuj nyiam ua kom paub txog kev cog ntoo hauv cov av latitudes.
Cov kev cai tswjfwm uas tsim los ntawm av rau cog cov kua "Lobo"
Yog hais tias koj mus cog ib sapling nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, hauv av yog tsim nyog npaj tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeegyog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nws yog kwv yees li ob mus rau peb lub hlis ua ntej kev pib tsaws.
Nqa tawm thawj qhov kev khawb ntawm cov av, yuav tsum xaiv kom zoo tag nrho ntawm nws weeds ua ke nrog cov keeb kwm, fertilize, thiab tom qab khawb dua. Tus nqi ntawm cov tsim nyog chiv rau ib 1 square meter yuav tsum:
- 5-8 kilograms ntawm humus los yog compost (koj yuav siv tau raws li manure);
- 8-10 hom kilograms ntawm peat mix nrog 100 grams superphosphate, 40 grams poov tshuaj sulphate thiab 45 grams potash ntsev.
Yog tias koj khawb qhov chaw cog qoob cog ntoo thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob loosen clods loj ntawm lub ntiaj tebtawm hauv cov turf kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau bury no av, ces los ntawm Tej zaum nws yuav turfally thiab ua ib hom ntawm fertilizer rau yav tom ntej seedling.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog acidity ntawm lub ntiaj teb, vim hais tias rau cog ib lub kua, qhov ntsuas no tsis pub siab tshaj pH 5.5-6.5. Yog hais tias lub acidity yog siab tshaj, nws yog pom zoo kom ntxiv txiv qaub rau cov av.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, dolomite, tiaj nyom marl los yog calcareous tuffs yog nkag tau. Txawm li cas los, tsis txhob hnov qab qhov ntawd Tsis txhob siv cov kua qaub rau cov av nrog rau phosphates thiab quav tsiaj., vim hais tias lawv cov fertilizing cov nyhuv yuav ruaj weaken.
Kev paub gardeners tseem muab tswv yim on cog apples nyob rau hauv infertile av: nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum npaj rau hauv av rau ob peb xyoos ua ntej tsaws. Kev cog qoob loo ntawm thaj av thiab nws cov chiv yuav ua rau nws ua tau 2-3 xyoo rau ntse cog ib lub sapling thiab loj hlob ib tug txaus siv tsim tsob ntoo los ntawm nws.
Nyob rau hauv uas aub tsiv cog ib sapling?
Lub qhov yuav tsum tau khawb txog ib mus rau ib nrab thiab ib nrab lub hlis ua ntej cog hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Yog hais tias koj xav mus nqa tawm no txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - lub qhov yuav tsum tau dug tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thiaj li mus rau weathered thiab accelerate lub cua sov ntawm cov av.
Thaum digging a pit rau cog, nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsum haum ob qho tib si lub seedling nrog nws keeb kwm thiab fertile av, uas yuav tsum tau pw nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv. Yog li ntawd qhov dav dav yuav tsum muaj li 1 meter, thiab qhov tob - li ntawm 90 centimeters. Yog tias koj yog 100% ntawm lub fertility ntawm cov av, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem heev - yuav muaj txaus qhov twg uas koj tuaj yeem tso lub hauv paus ntawm seedling.
Nrog rau qhov ncaj khawb ntawm qhov aub tsiv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cais lub siab tshaj txheej txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab qis txheej. Thaum burrowing lub seedling nws tus kheej, nws yog pom zoo siv tsuas yog sab saum toj txheej, uas yuav txhim kho zoo heev ntawm cov ntoo hluas.
Fertilizer sib tovuas ntog mus rau hauv qab ntawm qhov aub tsiv, yuav tsum siv li ib nrab lossis 2/3 nws ntim. Txog li 2-3 thoob ntawm humus yog feem ntau siv, ib thoob muaj ntau peat chips, 1 kilogram ntawm superphosphate thiab ntau tshauv. Tag nrho cov ntawm no chiv yuav tsum tau tov rau saum npoo thiab poured rau hauv aub tsiv twb zoo tov sib tov.
Siv tshiab manure gardeners tsis pom zoo, vim hais tias ntawm ib qhov tob ntawm 1 meter, nws yuav tsis tau txais qhov yuav tsum tau npaum li cas rau decomposition, thiab yuav lom cov keeb kwm ntawm seedling nrog hydrogen sulfide thiab ammonia.
Tom qab tag nrho cov no, peb cog thiab yob ib tug seedling, maj mam tamping hauv av ib ncig nws.
Dab tsi yog ib tug tub yau seedling xav tau?
Rau kev loj hlob sai thiab zoo sau, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no rau kev saib xyuas ntawm ib lub sapling, ib tug hluas thiab paub tab ntoo ntawm Lobo kua tsob ntoo:
- hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub tub ntxhais hluas seedling yuav tsum tau tas li loosened;
- siv kua chiv, uas yuav tsum muaj nitrogen. Tus nqi ntawm cov kua uas txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum yog ob zaug tshaj qhov dej: rau ib tsob ntoo muaj 6 xyoo, 6 liters dej huv yuav tsum nkag rau hauv cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qe, ces 6 liters ntawm cov chiv thiab dua 6 litres dej;
- fertilizing rau cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo yog kwv yees li 5 npaug ntawm ib lub xyoo, tab sis tsis pub dhau Lub Xya Hli, yog li cov ceg ntoo tsis tau cog qoob loo, tab sis npaj rau lub caij ntuj no;
- thawj thawj qoob loo yuav tsum tsis txhob tau txais los ntawm cov thawj heev paj, raws li ib tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, thawj heev flowering 1-2 xyoo yuav tsum tau txiav tawm;
- raws sij hawm pruning ntawm puas, diseased ceg; nws yog pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov ceg ntawm lub pob tw, uas yog nyob rau hauv qis qis dua; cov uas loj hlob tsis nyob sab nraud, tab sis sab hauv txoj kev ua crown; ceg kab;
- prop li razlaie ceg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm, yog li ntawd lawv tsis ua txhaum tawm.
Ua tib zoo saib cov lus qhia saum toj no - thiab koj yuav tau txais ib lub vaj zoo zoo los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, muaj zog thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj peev xwm uas yuav zoo siab rau koj cov xeeb ntxwv!
