Tsab xov xwm no qhia txog txhua yam ntawm cov yeeb yam zoo li lub caij ntuj sov ua "Melba" (lossis "Melba"). Tag nrho cov kev paub ntawm gardeners, sau no los qhia rau koj nrog rau feem ntau yog thiab tseeb cov lus qhia txog nws.
Peb yuav tham txog tag nrho cov kev zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntau yam, thiab ntxiv rau cov qauv ntawm kev cog cov ntoo thiab kev tu xyuas ntoo nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm xyoo.
Tag nrho cov secrets ntawm Kua ntau yam "Melba"
Qhov no muaj ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob hauv thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw nruab nrab thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob nyob rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine, Belarus thiab Russia (nrog rau kev zam ntawm North, Urals thiab Far East).
Qhov ntau yam yog tau los ntawm sowing dawb do pollinated Kua noob "Makentosh". Differs tshwj xeeb saj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas ripen nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj yuav cog Melba rau hauv koj lub cuab yeej, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev qhia no, uas peb xav muab rau koj.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Kua ntau yam Melba: kev piav qhia ntawm apples
Ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm cov txiv qab zib yog lawv qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov cwj pwm ribbing thoob plaws hauv lub saum npoo ntawm fetus. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog heev yooj yim thiab kev sib tw mus rau lub kov, uas yog ensured los ntawm muaj quav ciab.
Lub ntsiab xim ntawm Melba txiv ntseej yog lub teeb ntsuab nrog lub hau ntawm cov xim liab dub "blush", uas nyob ib nrab ntawm daim tawv nqaij nto. Lub fetus yog kom meej meej pom subcutaneous ntsiab lus ntawm dawb, tab sis lawv cov loj tsis loj.
Lub funnel ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe yog tob, tab sis tsis tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, nrog ib tug thin nruab nrab qia. Lub saucer ntawm apples yog nqiam, muaj ib tug nruab nrab tob. Lub khob ntawm lub phaj qhwv raug kaw. Lub plawv yog tsis loj, zoo li resembles ib dos. Nyob rau hauv lub noob chambers yog khaws loj txaus noob ntawm elongated duab, tab xim nyob rau hauv xim av.
Kev saib xyuas zoo yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau lub saj ntawm ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Mus saj lub pulp ntawm apples "Melba" Sweet thiab qaubtab sis muaj ib qho muaj zog khoom qab zib thiab tsw qab. Differs nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb juiciness thiab rhiab. Cov xim ntawm lub pulp yog snow dawb.
Tus nqi ntawm ascorbic acid, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov nruab nrab 13.4 mg rau 100 grams pulp.
Pom zoo siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub Kua "Melba" yog pom zoo kom siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm compotes thiab juices. Qhov no tseem siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muab los ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv apples.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim rau kev thauj mus los thiab muaj kev nthuav qhia siab. Khaws cia hauv cov neeg mob txias (hauv cov tub yees) lawv tuaj yeem kav ntev txog li peb mus rau plaub lub hlis.
Nta ntawm cov kua ntoo "Melba"
Cov ntoo ntawm ntau yam sib txawv nyob hauv nruab nrab qhov siab, uas yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv tus account thaum teem tau ib lub vaj thiab cia tso ib tug loj heev tus naj npawb ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam me me.
Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo muaj ib tug sib npaug duab, cov ceg ntawm uas muaj ib tug brownish-xim av bark. Fruiting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib hom mixed., tab sis feem ntau yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tied on kolchatkah.
Hluas Cov ntoo ncaj ncaj tab sis tuab hauv cov pob tw. Lawv cov tawv ntoo muaj lub teeb xim Cherry.
Yuav ua li cas tua ntawm no ntau yam txawv?
Lub thickness ntawm tua ntawm Kua ntoo yog nruab nrab, nyob rau hauv cov duab lawv sredneushennye
Nploojuas tau tsim ntawm cov tua muaj ib qho oob zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lawv yog cov yuav luag ncaj, tab sis on loj thiab muaj zog tua lawv muaj peev xwm tig mus rau hauv ib convex zoo thiab swell mus rau sab saum toj. Cov xim ntawm nplooj yog ntshiab ntsuab, tej zaum nrog ib tug yellowish tinge.
Flowering tshwm sim nyob rau hauv loj budsuas yog pleev xim rau hauv cov xim dawb thiab liab nrog lub paj tinge. Cov nplais hauv lub paj muaj xim pinkish, sib npaug hauv cov duab, kaw thiab me ntsis pom ib qho ntawm lwm.
Nws tseem yog heev nthuav los nyeem txog lig-ripening Kua ntau yam.
Virtues ntawm Kua
Ib tug txawv lwm qhov feature vim uas ntau gardeners xav ntau yam "Melba" yog nws precociousness. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo txaus yuav muab tau los ntawm ib tsob ntoo rau 4-5 xyoos. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.
Cov qhab nees ntxiv yog qhov tseem high yielduas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv kev, thaum muab tsob ntoo 8 x 3 meters, Cov qoob loo nruab nrab yog kwv yees li 93 centners ib hectare. Nrog margin theem ntawm cov ntoo, qhov nruab nrab cov qoob loo yuav nce los ntawm lwm qhov 80 centners.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom rov qab nco dua txog qhov kev tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lawv cov kev nthuav qhia siab.
Disadvantages ntawm Melba
Txij li thaum no ntau yam yog tsim rau cog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txoj kab, nws tsawg kub ua rau nruab nrab. Yog li, txawm nyob rau hauv cov latitudes tsis tsim, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Frost.
Tsis tas li ntawd Cov ntoo ua rau cov pob txha puas tsuaj, uas tau ob leeg ho ua rau tsob ntoo, thiab cuam tshuam rau cov qoob loo.
Nws yog tsim nyog xav tias cov neeg laus thiab cov laus laus tuaj yeem nqa txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib ntus, uas kom meej meej txo cov kev zoo ntawm ntau yam.
Peb nqa tawm qhov tseeb cog ntawm Kua sapling "Melba"
Yog hais tias koj yuav cog tsob ntoo kua ntoo ntawm no ntau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb teev cia ib zaug dua tsis tsuas zoo nkauj sib npaug ntawm cov ntoo, uas yuav kho koj lub vaj, tab sis kuj yog nws ntshai ntawm tsawg kub. Cov zoo li no muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev xaiv ntawm thaj av rau cog tsob ntoo.
Cov nta ntawm kev sib sau ntawm kab ntawm cov ntoo
Kua "Melba" yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv kab ntawm 8 x 3 meters, muab qhov chaw quaj kom loj hlob thiab tsis ntxoov tsob ntoo thaum lub sij hawm fruiting thiab flowering lub sij hawm.
Yog hais tias koj yuav siv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo rau cog ntau yam zaub qoob loo thiab nce lub qoob loo ntawm ntau yam, koj yuav tsum cog lub seedlings nyob rau hauv ib lub square 7x7 meters scheme.
Cov av uas yuav tsum tau
Qhov no ntau yam yog nyiam mus rau xau nrog zoo kua system. Yog tias, tsob ntoo yog ntshai ntawm avuas tuaj yeem tuaj ze ntawm qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, cog ib qho kua ntoo yuav tsum xaiv qhov ntsa dej los yog khawb qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw ze ntawm lub vaj teb uas yuav tswj tau cov av hauv av.
Qhov ntau tsim hom av rau "Melby" yog loamy xaunyob rau hauv uas lub kua ntoo yuav muab tshaj feem ntau harvests.
Rau Melby, clayey av tsis haum, yog li ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm peat thiab River xuab zeb yog tswvcuab hauv cov av, uas yuav ua kom oxygen nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm tsob ntoo.
Thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas cog lub Melba seedlings?
Lub peculiarity ntawm no ntau yam yog tias ce nws tsaws raug pom zoo nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Autumntxog ib lub hlis ua ntej thawj frosts.
Qhov tsua rau cog npaj ua ntej. Thaum digging ib qhov, nco ntsoov hais tias koj yuav tsum tau muab ib tug fertilizer tov rau hauv qab, yog li ntawd nws tob yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 70 centimeters. Tseeb, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv tus account tseem paus lub hauv paus ntawm seedling: yog hais tias nws yog loj heev, lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum sib.
Qhov dav ntawm lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 1 meter. Nws yog pom zoo kom faib cov av tawm ntawm nws mus rau ob qhov chaw, hauv ib tilting lub siab tshaj txheej txheej, thiab nyob rau hauv ob - qhov qis. Muaj lub qhov khawb, nws tau pom zoo kom muab cov taum thiab cov pob txha ua rau nws.
Ncaj qha cog seedlings nqa tawm hais txog ib lub lis piam los yog ob tom qab npaj qhov aub tsiv. Ib tug sib tov ntawm topsoil nrog ntau chiv, xws li peat thiab humus, yog poured rau hauv qab. Poob pw tsaug zog, me ntsis condense nws.
Yog hais tias koj seedling yog heev me me, thiab tsis muaj cua tiv thaiv ib ncig nws, pom zoo nrog nrog seedling mus khawb ib lub qhov suavuas mus muab ib tsob ntoo me me. Yog li, koj yuav cawm nws ntawm vilnyh cua thiab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov tsiaj.
Peb muab ib tsob ntoo ntoo nrog kev tu zoo thiab ib qho kev zoo.
Kev kho mob rau tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab suav mus rau hauv tag nrho cov qauv ntawm lub caij ntuj no.
Fertilize tsob ntoo
Yuav tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb rau cov chiv. Yog hais tias koj cog ib lub seedling nyob rau hauv fertile av, ces nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua nws nyob rau hauv tag nrho.
Tom qab ntawd tsob ntoo yuav tsum fertilized nrog nitrogen nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab tso ib lub cev ntoo ua ntej lub caij ntuj no nrog humus thiab peat. Nyob rau ntawm dab tsi, lub cev pob tw yog qhwv hauv chiv txoj cai nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm frosts, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv tau lub cev tsis sib txuas ntawm ncav cov keeb kwm thiab tsis ua rau tsis muaj kev loj hlob.
Tsis tas li ntawd Ib tug zoo fertilizer rau Kua ntoo yog mixtures ntawm superphosphate thiab poov tshuaj, sodium chloride, thiab tshauv.. Yog tias koj ua kua chiv los ntawm cov kev npaj thiab tshuaj yeeb dej caw, ces nws yog qhov pom zoo kom coj nws tsis nyob hauv tsob ntoo, tab sis mus rau hauv ib lub ziab khawb ntawm ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo, thaj tsam li 10 centimeters.
Caij nplooj zeeg nplooj, qub nyom, uas muaj peev xwm kuj raug dumped rau hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua, tseem yuav ua hauj lwm zoo li fertilizer.
Khawb
Khawb hauv av yuav tsum tau tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Qhov no yuav ua rau tsob ntoo nrog rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab yuav ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm chiv rau hauv paus system.
Mus rau ceg ntoo.
Hlawv ceg ntoo Kua ntoo zoo dua nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlavthaum tsob ntoo yog nyuam qhuav pib rau lub paj. Kev txiav yog txhua yam tsis tseem ceeb thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntsiab ceg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsim tau ib qho zoo nkauj thiab muaj lub siab tawv nrog kev pabcuam ntawm kev txiav, uas yuav ua rau koj nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom tuaj yeem.
Whitewashing - tiv thaiv tsob ntoo
Whitening ntoo sawv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Autumn. Yog li, koj tiv thaiv tsob ntoo tsis tsuas yog los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, tab sis kuj los ntawm parasites. Nws yog tsim nyog dawb huv los ntawm cov ceg ntoo qis tshaj plaws rau hauv qab. Ib tug hluas sapling yuav whitewashed tag, raws li nws yog tshwj xeeb yog yooj yim rau ntau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
Kuv puas xav tau kev kho mob thaum lub caij ntuj no
Tsis muaj zog lub caij ntuj no hardiness ntawm Melba Kua yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb mloog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Nws yog tsim nyog los saib xyuas tus txheej xwm ntawm cov ceg. Yog tias qee leej tuag tawm thaum lub caij ntuj no, lawv yuav tsum muab txiav tawm rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yog hais tias koj muaj ntau daus - ua siab hlub thiab tsij nws mus rau hauv pob tw ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua. Qhov no yuav tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm Frost, tab sis kuj muab ib txwm zoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm thawj thaw, saib rau cov tsos ntawm cov dej khov nabntsam rau hauv cov daus, uas tuaj yeem txwv cov ndlwg ntawm cov cag thiab lub pob tw, nyob rau lub sijhawm kom zuaj nws.
