Qab zib (Bulgarian) kua txob - natural concentrate ntawm cov vitamins, microelements, pob zeb hauv av salts, extractive tshuaj, yooj yim digestible carbohydrates.
Qhov no yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb rau kev txuag, nrog rau lub hauv paus ntawm ntau yam thiab cov zaub mov zoo.
Cov degree ntawm nws qhov chaw muaj peev xwm tsuas yog muab piv nrog nws tus kheej exactingness tej yam kev mob ntawm kev loj hlob - av, ambient kub, lub teeb, noo noo.
Kua txob txob hauv av
Sweet kua txob rau qhib hauv av: thiaj li yuav tau txais ib tug zoo sau ntawm loj, fleshy, muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau ncaj qha mus rau tag nrho cov hau kev ntawm cultivation ntawm no qoob loo thiab paub lawv cov yam ntxwv.
- Kua txob ua rau lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb loamy chernozem thiab zeb zeb.
- Nws tseem yog xav tau rau cov qoob loo tig: nws yog ntshaw kom loj hlob nws nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw rau 1 xyoos. Raws li precursors yuav tsum xaiv legumes thiab thaum ntxov zaub nroj tsuag.
- Av rau kua txob qab zib yog npaj nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub vaj teb rau lub caij, loosening cov av mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 30 cm, ua raws li los ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm 3-4 kg / m² ntawm overheated manure.
- Qhov chaw rau cog yog npaj noj rau hauv koj tus menyuam qhov kev tso kawm hauv cov scenes siab qia kev coj noj coj ua. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau kom txo tau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kub kub hloov mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kua txob, thiab tiv thaiv tawm tsam cua.
Loj hlob tswb kua txob seedlings method
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob tswb kua txob?
Qhov feem ntau cov feem yug yug kab lis kev cai culture seedling method. Nws yog pom zoo kom loj hlob seedlings nyob rau hauv humus - earthen pots nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis txhob puas rau lub fragile paus system ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Qhov sib tov rau lawv yog npaj raws li nram no: rau 8 qhov chaw ntawm humus, noj 2 qhov chaw ntawm turf thiab 1 feem ntawm mullein nrog ntxiv ntawm 40 g ntawm superphosphate, 10 g ntawm urea thiab 5 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulphate ib thoob. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub lauj kaub yog 60 x 60 hli.
Noob npaj
Los ntawm lub sij hawm lawv muab tso rau hauv lub mix, lub noob yuav tsum tau npaj.
- Ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, feem ntau tau sau cov noob raug xaiv: lawv raug poured mus rau hauv ib lub taub ntim nrog dej, stirred, tso cai rau settle, lub surfaced noob raug muab tshem tawm, cov dej yog poured los ntawm ib tug nplua-Mesh sieve.
- Cov khoom siv ntxiv yog qhuav, ua kom tsis zoo hauv cov kua qaug tshuaj manganese, yaug rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntev ua ntej tom.
- Npaj cov noob ntawm 3 - 4 pieces yog muab tso rau hauv moist pots, ces sprinkled nrog ib tug txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb 10 - 20 mm.
Txoj cai ntawm daim duab qhia cov noob cov kua txob qab zib.
Seedling kev kho mob
Rau sai noob germination, thawv nrog yav tom ntej seedlings raug muab tso rau hauv ib tug zoo-zes qhov chaw nrog ib tug kub:
- 25 - 30 ° S (nws yuav ua tau lub qhov rais sill nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev los yog ib lub tsev xog paj) ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm tua;
- tom qab lawv pom 10 - 15 ° S txhua lub lim tiam;
- 20 - 25 ° S ua ntej cog seedlings nyob rau hauv hauv av.
Watering seedlings tsawg kawg 2 hnub tom qab, thaum tsis txhob stagnant noo noo nyob rau hauv hauv av. Dej txhua hnub yog yuav tsum muaj thaum pom ntawm plaub - tsib nplooj tiag.
Seedlings yuav tsum tau pub. 50 g ntawm superphosphate, 20 g ntawm urea thiab 15 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate yog npaum li cas rau ib thoob dej. Los ntawm cov organic chiv siv fermented noog droppings los yog slurry. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv lwm. Thawj noj yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm cov tsos ntawm thawj thawj nplooj tseeb, re-fertilized nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm plaub mus rau tsib nplooj.
Cog seedlings nyob rau hauv hauv av, nws watering thiab pub mis
Ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kua txob cog qoob loo yog cog hauv cov av.
- Ib mus rau ob lub lis piam ua ntej cog seedlings pib nws quenching: txo cov kub, txwv dej, kom txhim kho cov illumination; nyob rau hauv tsis tuaj yeem ntawm kev hem thawj ntawm Frost, noj tawm nroj tsuag mus rau qhib cua.
- 5 - 10 hnub ua ntej cog cov kua txob rau hauv av lawv sprayed nrog ib tug 0.5% daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate los tiv thaiv tawm tsam fungal kab mob.
- Peppers, haum rau cog rau hauv av, muaj 5 - 6 nplooj tiag, muaj zog stalk, tsim paus system.
- Ua ntej cog, seedlings yog zoo watered.
Cog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb nyob rau hauv lig hnub ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qis dua rau lub sijhawm no, nws yuav tsum tau xaiv pib thaum lub Rau Hli ntawm lub sijhawm thaum tsaws.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, tag nrho mus los ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov noob mus rau cog ntawm peppers rau hauv av yuav siv sij hawm 45 - 55 hnub thaum lub hom phiaj kom muaj hom kev ntsuas kub, kev ua raws cai, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov dej thiab pub mis. Cog yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev zoo tib yam nrog ib thaj chaw ntawm 70 x 15 cm nyob rau hauv ib qho nroj tsuag los yog 70 x 30 cm nyob rau hauv ob nroj tsuag ib tug zoo.
Nyob rau hauv lub pre-watered wells lawv muab nroj tsuag ua ke nrog lub ntiaj teb pob 1 - 1.5 cm tob tshaj li hauv paus ntseg tsho, ces sprinkle lawv nrog qhuav av lub ntiaj teb. Tom qab hnub tom qab tsaws ntawm peppers nyob rau hauv hauv av lawv yuav tsum tau rov qab watered dua. Thoob plaws lub sij hawm ntawm cultivation mus sau, watering yog rov ua ntu zus, tiv thaiv cov av los ntawm ziab tawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov tsis muaj noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av ua rau:
- mus poob tawm ntawm paj thiab ovaries;
- cog kev loj hlob tuaj;
- fetal ntshawv siab;
- tseem ceeb tawm los.
Tom qab watering, cov av yog loosened, thiab nws yuav tsum ua kom zoo zoo, mus ntxaum los ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5 cm, them nyiaj tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm lub qia.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Chiv yog siv thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij, nyob ntawm seb lub xeev ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsis txhob nitrogen fertilizers uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm vegetative tua thiab retard lub tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tab sis Thawj qhov yuav tsum tau noj yog 10 - 15 hnub tom qab tuag: Ib tug tov ntawm 15 g ntawm ammonium nitrate, 20 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 5 g ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev yog siv ib tug 1 m².
Xws li seedlings sai thiab zoo dua mus noj paus, muab ib tug zoo dua thiab ua ntej sau.
Koj tuaj yeem paub ntau ntxiv txog kev cog ntoo seedlings ntawm qab zib kua txob rau hauv av, koj tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv video hauv qab no:
Loj hlob kua txob ntawm cov noob hauv av
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob Sweet Bulgarian kua txob nyob rau hauv qhib field?
Thaum loj hlob kua txob rau hauv av qhib nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas tsis yog txoj kev yub, ua ntej txhua yam yuav tsum tau sib npaug thiab txhoov cov av yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov kua txob qab zib.
Noob ntawm Bulgarian kua txob rau hauv av qhib yog disinfected, tab sis tsis germinated. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog noob yog ob xyoo ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm unfriendly, lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog yog hloov lawm, lub noob yog thawj germinated ua ntej tom.
Yuav ua li cas cog Bulgarian kua txob noob?
Hauv kev ua tib zoo ntsuas thiab av xau ua 8 - 10 qhov ntawm ib qho 1 m². Nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm lawv, rau sai germination, 4-5 noob heaped, nrog ib tug seeding tob ntawm 3-4 cm thiab tom ntej mulching.
Tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv lub qhov dej, feem ntau 1 mus rau 2 nroj tsuag yog sab laug. Nrog no txoj kev loj hlob ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag yog watering, loosening, weeding nrog tib cai thiab zaus raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm loj hlob ntawm cov kua txob seedlings.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Lub sib ntaus tawm tsam kab mob thiab pests kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm loj nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm kua txob. Kev kuaj kom pom tseeb ntawm tus kab mob thiab ua raws sij hawm yuav pab khaws cov qoob loo thiab tseem tiv thaiv tau nws txoj sia.
- Causative tus neeg sawv cev verticillary wilting yog ib hom fungus uas nyob hauv cov av. Nws penetrates lub wounds ntawm hauv paus system ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag thaum nws yog cog rau hauv av los yog excessively loosened.
Manifestation ntawm tus kab mob withering nyob rau hauv lub spotty lesion, withering, nplooj ntoos caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab deformity ntawm internodes. Nyob rau thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, cov nroj tsuag tsis ua ovaries, yog hais tias tus kab mob tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo mluas mlob thiab tsis sau. Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas- disinfection ntawm av, tau ceev faj cog ntawm seedlings nrog nrog ib tug earthy clod, ceev faj loosening ntawm cov av.
- Lig blight kuj tshwm sim los ntawm fungus. Cuam tshuam chaw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm brown me ntsis nrog ib daj ntseg ntsuab halo rot nyob rau hauv ntub huab cua. Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv - raws sij hawm cog ntawm seedlings thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm huab cua tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib qho txawv nruab nrab ntawm hnub thiab hmo ntuj kub nrog tsim ntawm muaj zog condensate thiab nws cov nag ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
- Dawb rot (scleroteniosis). Fungal kab mob uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub kua txob. Cov tsos mob yog dawb dawb tuaj rau ntawm cov qia, thiab hauv nws - cov xim dub uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm cov dej noo thiab cov zaub mov ntawm cov av.
Paj dawb ua rau kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Kev tiv thaiv thiab kho tshuaj: tu ncua kev tu cov nroj tsuag tuag, sim dej, mob ntses nrog av tshauv los yog chalk nrog me qhov chaw me, thermal disinfection ntawm cov av.
- Grey rot. Nroj tsuag cultivated nyob rau hauv greenhouses yog feem ntau susceptible. Xim av, ntub qis nrog ib gray bloom tshwm rau ntawm qia thiab nplooj ntawm high humidity thiab txo kub rau 10 ° C. Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas - ua raws li kub thiab av noo, qhov uas yuav tsum tau cog qoob loo, qaug.
Yog hais tias grey mold twb twb manifested nws tus kheej, tshem tawm tag nrho cov cuam tshuam txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Koj muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov grey rot los ntawm spraying Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm qej: 30 g ntawm crushed qej rau ob hnub insist on ib thoob dej. Txau kuj tau siv nrog cov kev npaj muaj ntawm qhov sib txig ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
- Vertex rot. Tsis tas li ntawd ib tug kab mob ntawm tsev xog paj nroj tsuag, kab mob los yog tsis kis kab mob. Thawj hom ntawm tus kab mob yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm cov tsos ntawm grey me ntsis, ob hom yog manifested nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm watery ntsuab me ntsis rau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nrog swb ntawm resulting txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ripen, thiab rot. Calcium nitrate yog qhov zoo ntawm kev pabcuam thaum pib mob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas raug mob tau sau thiab rhuav tshem.
- Dub ceg. Ua rau lub hauv paus ib feem ntawm lub qia ntawm seedlings ntawm tsawg kub thiab high humidity. Qhov yog vim li cas tsis tiv thaiv disinfection ntawm noob thiab tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm lawv cov sowing on seedlings. Diseased nroj tsuag yog culled, cov av yog kho nrog tooj liab sulfate. Raws li ib tug tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, seedlings yuav sprayed nrog tshuaj "Phytodoc".
Kab txaij kua txob feem ntau yog siv tshuaj tua kab.
- Aphid accumulating rau tag nrho cov plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nqus cov khoom noj thiab noo noo los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Ib tug zoo tshwm sim yog muab los ntawm spraying txhua hnub Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm tshauv nrog ntxiv ntawm xab npum ib 10 liv dej, 1 khob ntawm tshauv thiab 30 g ntawm xab npum. Es tsis txhob tshauv, koj siv tau luam yeeb haus luam yeeb - 100 g ib 10 liv dej. Xws li cov txheej txheem kev cog qoob loo ntawm kua txob ntau zaus nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov.
- Spider mite cov ntawv colonies nyob rau sab qis ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Lub swb ntawm qhov zuam ua rau cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab muaj zog. Los tua lub zuam, tsuag cov nplooj nrog xab npum thiab dej los ntawm hauv qab no.
- Slugs ua rau kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau cov txiv ntoo, nce toj hauv lawv. Cov neeg kho tshuab txoj kev soj ntsuam nrog slugs yog phau ntawv sau thiab kev puas tsuaj. Cov av yuav tsum tau periodically pollinated nrog tshauv, slaked nrog txiv qaub los yog mustard hmoov. Raws li ib tug deterrent ntawm cov pests, parsley tau sown tom ntej no mus rau kua txob.
- Colorado kab laum. Larvae, nteg tawm los ntawm cov neeg laus kab, devour lub nplooj. Nrog ib tug loj heev kev puas tsuaj loj, qhov no yuav ua rau tag nrho kev puas tsuaj ntawm crown thiab tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Beetles, larvae thiab qe yog siv los ntawm tes. Kua txob cog yuav kho tau nrog tshuaj tua kab los yog celandine tincture.
Xav paub ntxiv txog cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag ntawm kua txob qab zib koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv qab no:
Harvesting thiab cia
Sau thaum ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo: lawv yog poured, tau txais xim thiab loj, conditioned rau ib tug ntau yam.
Hais txog ripeness yuav raug txiav txim los ntawm tus cwj pwm suab thaum kov cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thawj zaug sau yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub Xya hli ntuj - Lub yim hli ntuj thaum ntxov. nyob ntawm seb qhov climatic cheeb tsam ntawm cultivation.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nco tau tias zoo tshaj tua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov huab cua qhuav, yog li ntawd lub noo noo nyob rau peppers harvested tsis ua rau lwj thaum lub sij hawm cia. Peppers raug muab tshem tawm yam tsis tau txiav lub qia, uas nce nws lub neej txee tsis poob nws saj.
Rau tag nrho lub caij siv txog tsib nqi. Thaum forecasting frosts sau tag nrho cov ntxiv txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau bushes rau ripening lawv sab hauv tsev.
Yuav ua li cas kom txuag Bulgarian kua txob?
Khaws cov kua txob txeem tau pom zoo ntawm ib tug txheeb ze humidity ntawm 80 - 90% thiab ib tug kub ntawm 8 - 10 ° C. Qhov tsis muaj qhov tsis xws thiab ua kom puas tsuaj rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav ua rau lawv lub neej txee. Cov kua txob txeem tau muab cia rau hauv tub yees thiab qab qab mus txog ib hlis. Nws yog ua tau kom khov kua txob raws li txoj kev txuag.
Tau cov noob
Thaum sau qoob, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub pas dej ua si rau lub caij tom ntej, vim hais tias cov kab txiav ntawm cov noob ntawm nws tus kheej, raws li tag nrho cov cai ntawm cov nroj tsuag nce txog ze li 100%. Los ntawm xaiv, feem ntau zoo nkauj thiab loj kua txob tub ntxhais yog muab rho, noob yog sib cais los ntawm nws. Noob yog qhuav qhuav thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv paj rwb hnab rau peb mus rau plaub lub xyoos.
Thiab me ntsis ntxiv txog yug me nyuam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txawm hais tias kua txob yog ib qho uas ua rau nws tus kheej, tus ntoo khaub lig-pollination tsis cais tawm. Yog li ntawd, thaum loj hlob txawv ntau yam ntawm Sweet peppers, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los isolate tus nroj tsuag sab laug rau ntawm cov noob.
Ntawm no nws yog, Bulgarian kua txob - whimsical, capricious, lub sij hawm siv. Tab sis nrog tag nrho cov kev cai, zus kom zoo zoo thiab nrog kev hlub, nws yuav twv yuav raug hu muab zoo nkauj, muaj kua thiab qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
