Niaj hnub no, ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam ntawm pears tau bred, ntawm cov uas lub yim hli ntuj dew occupies ib qho kev tsim txiaj. Nws poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog gardeners rau unpretentiousness thiab ib tug siab zoo sau. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pear Augustus dew, thiab zoo li cas yog nws cov lus piav qhia thiab cov cai ntawm kev saib xyuas, peb piav qhia hauv qab no.
Pear Avgustovskaya dew: piav qhia ntawm ntau yam
Lub August lub dew twb bred nyob rau hauv 2002 by hla lub Tenderness thiab Triumph Pakgam ntau yam los ntawm nrov breeder S. P. Yakovlev.
Qhov no ntau yam belongs rau undersized (siab siab tshaj plaws - 3 meters), tab sis ceev ceev-cog qoob loo. Nws yog ib tsob ntoo nruab nrab-uas muaj tsob ntoo thiab xav tau kev tu siab rau cov neeg zej zog.
Koj puas paub? Lub August lub dew coj los ntawm nws niam nws txiv tsuas yog zoo qhov zoo: los ntawm Tenderness - tsis kam mus rau Frost thiab tus kab mob, los ntawm Triumph Pakgam - high yields thiab zoo saj.Lub crown ntawm no pear yog ntawm medium tuab, me ntsis drooping. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog medium-qhov loj (100-150 g), pear-puab, tsis muaj tav. Thaum lub sij hawm ripening, cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hloov los ntawm ntsuab mus rau ntsuab yellowish. Rush pears yuav muaj blush thiab ntau heev subcutaneous me ntsis. Daim tawv nqaij yog du rau qhov kov, tab sis nws zoo li npub. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv dawb, nplua-zoo.
Cov chaw ntawm lub yim hli ntuj Dew kuj tseem ceeb nrog nws saj zoo - ib harmonious, qaub-Sweet saj, muag heev aroma, muaj kua thiab melting qauv.
Nws pom zoo kom siv cov lus qhia no ntau yam hauv raw thiab ua tiav (jams, preserves, jam, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, compotes, thiab lwm yam). Cov pears no pab tsis tau rau cov neeg laus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov me nyuam - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ua rau tsis xis nyob, tsis haum thiab muaj kev ntxim ntxhi rau hauv lub cev ua ke, nce kev tiv thaiv.
Koj puas paub? Pear yog nquag siv hauv tshuaj noj tshuaj (nrog chills, hnoos, kab mob pob zeb, mob ntawm lub cev urogenital, kom ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tswj lub plawv, nrog rau cov ntsws, mob ntsws).
Cog pears Lub yim hli ntuj dew
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, Augustus lew pear unpretentious thiab hlob sai sai, tab sis qhov no yog raug rau cog thiab tu kom zoo.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv seedlings rau cog
Kom xaiv cov yub - qhov tseem ceeb rau yav tom ntej siab tawm los. Yuav kom xaiv cov cai tsob ntoo rau cog, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- Nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv seedlings tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nurseries.
- Lub keeb kwm ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tshiab, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tsis qhuav thiab tsis khov. Ntev ntev dua ntawm qaum taub hau thiab lub hauv paus cag tsim tau, qhov zoo dua cov kab mob yuav ua rau hauv paus.
- Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txiav yuav tsum dawb. Yog hais tias xim yog txawv, nws yuav qhia tau hais tias lub seedling tau khov los yog qhuav.
- Nyob rau ntawm hauv paus yuav tsum tsis muaj blisters - qhov no qhia tias muaj cov kab mob.
- Lub pob tw ntawm lub seedling yuav tsum tau tus thiab tsis puas.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Rau cog nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv ib-ob-xyoos-laus seedlings nrog ib tug muaj zog pob tw thiab tsim keeb kwm.
Xaiv ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv pear
Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias lub yim hli ntuj dew yog ib tug ntau unpretentious ntau yam, seedlings noj paus nyob rau hauv dej siab tej yam kev mob - lub hauv paus thiab lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb, nrog ib tug predominance ntawm dub av.
Qhov no ntau yam hlub sheltered los ntawm cua, sublime thiab tshav ntuj chaw. Txom nyem thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv dej, cov chaw qis qis.
Nyob rau hauv lub tsev yuav cog rau sab hnub poob los yog sab qab teb sab hnub poob. Cov av zoo yog loamy los yog xuab zeb.
Ua ntej cog, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau dug thiab pub rau cov av (superphosphate, compost, potash chiv). Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling tsis tuaj mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog chiv.
Pear Avgustovskaya lew belongs rau nws tus kheej-fertile ntau yam, txawm li ntawd los, qib ntawm tus kheej-pollination yog tsis siab, yog li ntawd, kom nce lub tawm los, nws yog pom zoo kom cog pollinators nyob ze.
Thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas cog qoob loo dew
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog yog Autumn (thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj). Muaj coob tus pom zoo cog hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Ua gardeners muaj ib qho cuab yeej technology ntawm cog pears, uas lawv pom zoo kom ua raws li:
- khawb ib lub qhov (0.5 m sib sib zog nqus thiab 1 meter inch) thiab loosen cov av nyob rau hauv nws;
- nyob rau ntawm sapling koj yuav tsum rhuav tawm nplooj, tawm tsuas yog ib ob peb ntawm txhua ceg;
- Yog hais tias tsob ntoo yuav thiab cog hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj tuaj yeem chwv cov ceg ntoo (tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog cov hauv paus hniav - qhov ntau muaj, qhov ceev cov txiv mauv yuav siv paus);
- 30 cm sib sib zog nqus, muab ib qho kev txhawb rau lub noob;
- tso lub seedling nyob rau hauv lub qhov, ncaj lub keeb kwm thiab sprinkle nrog lub ntiaj teb (hauv paus caj dab yuav tsum me ntsis saum toj no);
- compact hauv av thiab silence nrog foliage los yog twigs;
- saib xyuas qhov zoo nrug ntawm seedlings (tsawg kawg 2 m).
Kev kho mob rau pear ntau yam Avgustovskaya dew
Tom qab lub sapling yog cog thiab cog, lub yim hli ntuj dew pib.
Kev cai ywg dej
Ua ntej dej, tag nrho cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum raug muab pov tseg, thiab lub ntiaj teb ib ncig nws loosened.
Nyob rau thawj xyoo thiab tom qab ntawm tsob ntoo lub neej, dej yuav tsum tau ywg dej tsis pub ntau tshaj tsib zaug hauv ib lub hlis thaum lub caij ntuj sov (koj tuaj yeem thov cov tshuaj tsuag dej). Txuj - 1 pob thoob hauv txhua tsob ntoo.
Txoj kev ywg dej nws tus kheej yuav tsum qeeb, yog li cov dej ntub tau rau hauv av thiab dej ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Yog hais tias qhuav lub caij ntuj sov, ces dej zoo dua nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj rau ib nrab ib thoob rau ib lub sij hawm.
Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm Autumn, watering yuav txo los sis nres tag nrho nws. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, watering yuav tsum pib maj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov ntim ntawm cov dej yuav tsum tau kho raws li ntawm lub caij nyoog thiab cov dej nag.
Chiv thiab pear pub mis
Lub yim hli ntuj dew hlub organic chiv uas muaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog kawm (manure). 
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los noj nyob rau hauv txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (raws li ib txoj cai, nyob rau hauv Lub peb hlis ntuj-Plaub Hlis) - 1-2 kg ntawm manure ib square Meter ntawm tsob ntoo trunks. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering pear yuav fertilized nrog ib tug 0.1% daws ntawm boric acid (10 g - 10 g ntawm yeeb tshuaj).
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nitrogen chiv (ammonium nitrate, urea) los yog manure yog thov. Qhov no yog ua tiav tom qab nplooj ntoos poob.
Nyob rau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lig, tiv thaiv tawm tsam sunburn thiab pests, nws yog pom zoo kom kho ntoo nrog limestone mortar los yog tshwj xeeb xim rau cov ntoo. Ua ntej wintering, ntoo-pob tw cheeb tsam yog cleared ntawm foliage, watered (70-100 l), hauv av ze ntawm lub keeb kwm yog mulched nrog sawdust (txheej thickness - 15 cm).
Tag nrho hais txog pruning pear ntau yam Avgustovskaya dew
Competent pruning tso cai rau tsis tsuas yog tsim rau lub crown ntawm ib tug laus neeg tsob ntoo, tab sis kuj mus tswj cov tawm los, qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txawm txo cov kab mob.
Pruning seedlings
Thaum cog ib tsob ntoo hluas, nws yog txiav los ntawm 1/3. Yog li ntawd lub pear yuav sai sai pib tsim lub crown. Lub pear pob tw nws tus kheej yog cleared ntawm ceg ntoo hauv qab thawj kab. 
Cov nram qab no xyoo, tus neeg xyuas pib txiav mus rau 25 cm, thiab skeletal ceg - 5-7 cm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus ceg nyob rau hauv lub Upper theem yuav tsum luv dua nyob rau hauv qis.
Cov neeg laus cov nroj tsuag pruning
Pruning ib tsob ntoo laus yuav tsum tau ua txhua txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, kom txog thaum lub sap ntws pib (feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis). Tsis txhob nquag nquag pooj hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Yog hais tias tus ceg txiav tawm tag nrho, koj yuav tsum ua nws nyob ntawm lub hauv paus, thiaj li tsis tuaj yeem nyob.
Pruned nyob rau hauv parallel thiab ze loj hlob ceg, pruned tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntev, yog li nrhiav tau kom zoo tib lub sijhawm ntawm lub tier. Cov chaw txiav ua hlais nrog lub vaj teb suab los sis cov nplawm co. 
Yog hais tias tus ceg nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob (los yog txawm poob) rau hauv av, lawv yuav tsum tau txiav tawm. Ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tawm cov lusteb, qhov qaug zog pruned. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau muaj zog thiab txawm tua, tsis txhob cia lawv tag nrho. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua yuav tsum tsis muaj ntau tshaj ¼ ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm crown.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov pruning koj siv tsis tau nitrogen tshuaj - koj yuav tsum tau tos kom txog thaum cov kev kho zoo.Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn (los ntawm xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj mus rau thaum pib ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj), nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm diseased thiab tawg ceg uas hlawv tom qab pruning. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau luv luv los ntawm 1/3, thaum tawm hauv lawv ob peb buds.
Txoj kev ntawm yug me nyuam ntau ntawm pears Lub yim hli ntuj dew
Pears yuav tsum propagated by txiav, layering, noob hom (generative) los yog grafting. Noob tawm lus yog feem ntau siv los ntawm breeders rau yug me nyuam tshiab ntau yam, hybrids, rau stocks ntawm qus thiab cultivated tsiaj.
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, uas yog rooted ntawm lub inhabitants, yog luam los ntawm layering. Thiab lawv pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej seedlings.
Luam los ntawm cuttings
Cuttings rau yug me nyuam harvested nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Rau qhov no, ib qho tuaj yeem coj (tsawg kawg yog 2 xyoos) thiab tawg. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub crust yuav tsum tsis txhob raug torn. Qhov ntev ntawm lub cuttings yog 15-20 cm Qhov chaw ntawm pob txha, tsis muaj straightening, tig ib ncig nrog ib zaj duab xis peeling, daim kab xev los yog nplaum kab xev, nrog rau kev them nyiaj yug thiab tsau.
Los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv hauv av txhaum cia feeb meej tshuaj mus txuas cov ntaub so ntswg. Los ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, tus tuav ntaub ntawv tshem tawm, ceg nyob rau hauv qhov chaw so txiav rau hauv cuttings.
Nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv uas muaj ob-lauj kaub (feem ntau yog siv lub hwj yas ntim nrog lub txiav tawm ntawm lub caj dab), dej yog nyob rau hauv qhov siab ntawm 5-7 cm, 2 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm activated charcoal ntxiv thiab lub cuttings yog muab tso rau hauv qis seem. Tara muab tso rau ntawm windowsill (lub hnub yuav tsum ntau). Tom qab 20-30 hnub callus qhov rais yuav tshwm nyob rau hauv seem qis, thiab cov hauv paus hniav yuav pib loj hlob.
Sai li qhov ntev ntawm cov keeb kwm ncav 5-7 cm, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, tiv thaiv rau thawj lub sij hawm los ntawm ci lub teeb. Yog hais tias cuttings yog tsis tu ncua watered, pub thiab weeded, ces los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg lawv yuav zoo li zoo seedlings.
Luam los ntawm layering
Txoj kev ntawm bending cov ceg mus rau hauv av (raws li tau ua nrog shrubs) tsis haum rau pears. Yog li, lwm txoj kev siv: Nyob rau hauv ceg yog lub thawv hloov puv nrog lub ntiaj teb. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub thawv yog pre-hlua nrog zaj duab xis (los txo cov dej noo kom qhuav). Lub ceg khoov rau hauv lub thawv, thiab kev txiav yog ua rau ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag nrog cov av ntawm cov tawv ntoo. Tom qab ntawd, tus ceg tau nphav thiab poob rau hauv av.
Yog li hais tias txheej txheem ntawm rooting yuav siv qhov chaw sib zog, ua ntej prikopat, lub txheej yog pub nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb daws los yog hmoov. Tom qab ntawd, lub ntiaj teb yog them nrog ib zaj duab xis (vov tsev cov khoom) thiab sprinkled nrog ib tug txheej ntawm compost. Hauv av hauv lub thawv yuav tsum me ntsis ntub txhua lub sijhawm.
Lub hauv paus tsim yuav kav mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij nyoog. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub keeb kwm raug tsim, lawv tseem qaug zog, thiab lub yim hli ntuj dew yuav tsum tsis txhob transplanted nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo pears. Sov lub ceg rau lub caij ntuj no (nws muaj peev xwm raug muab khi ua ke) thiab npog lub thawv nrog lub snowdrift. Lub sij hawm ntawm cultivation ntawm lub layering kav nruab nrab ntawm 2 xyoos, tom qab uas nws muaj peev xwm yuav transplanted mus rau hauv cov av raws li ib tug li qub seedling.
Koj puas paub? Cov khaubncaws pib tawg tuaj thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej tshaj seedlings.
Harvesting thiab cia
Thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm qib no ntawm ib lub txiv pear tau sau tseg rau xyoo 3-4 tom qab yuav tsaws. Lawv ripen nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj (nyob ntawm seb cov huab cua puag) thiab rau ib lub hlis khov kho nyob rau ceg.
Cov yield yield yog heev siab, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, lub yim hli ntuj dew muaj peev xwm tsim 10-15 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Thiab cov laus dua tsob ntoo, lub siab dua qhov tawm los.
Ib tug zoo pear sau Avgustovskaya dew muab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm pollinators, uas, dua li Yakovlev lub cim xeeb, lwm tus kheej-kab hom tsiaj yuav ntaus nqi, uas coincide nrog nws thaum lub sij hawm ntawm flowering, fruiting, lwm yam zoo li
Sau hauv cov huab cua qhuav thiab kom zoo dua siv cov thawv ntoo los yog cov thawv yas.
Kev coj mus muag li ntawm cov khoom noj (cellar) pear retains txog li 14 hnub. Lub pear yuav khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub tub yees rau 3 lub hlis uas tsis tas yuav poob nws cov qualities.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nrog ib tug loj loj ntawm pab khoom pear yuav ua rau raug mob: nws tsis pom zoo siv nrog gastritis, ulcers, colitis. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau muaj peev xwm kuj tseem txaus ntshai.
Pear Avgustovskaya dew: lub pros thiab cons ntawm ntau yam
Pear Avgustovskaya dew muaj ntau ntawm qhov zoo, thiab qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam yuav tsis tiav, yog tias koj tsis nco nws cov zoo: 
- siab thiab ruaj khov yield (txog 200 kg / his);
- tsis kam mus rau hauv cov ntsws (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nti);
- compact crown (tso cai rau koj loj tuaj rau hauv cov cheeb tsam me me);
- high txhav kuj;
- unpretentiousness thiab yooj yim ntawm loj hlob;
- zoo drought siab kam;
- kev nthuav qhia zoo thiab zoo tshaj plaws saj.
No zoo heev ntawm pear yog li unpretentious thiab yooj yim nyob rau hauv tawm uas yuav cia txhua tus gardener kom txaus siab rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo fragrant mus rau tej tus gardener nrog me ntsis kev rau siab.
