Qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws apples yog ntau yam Solntsedar. Lawv tuaj sai sai no nrog lawv cov xim ntsuab thiab paj yeeb.
Tab sis lub ntsiab zoo dua ntawm no ntau yam yog saj. Nws yog rau no ua ke nrog ntau yam Solntsedar yog xaiv los ntawm gardeners thoob teb chaws Europe rau yug me nyuam.
Zoo li cas?
Qhov ntau yam Solntsedar yog dav paub rau nws thaum ntxov ripening. Kua ntoo mus rau lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam.
Cov sij hawm sau qoob loo thaum pib ntawm lub yim hli ntuj.. Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo nce lawv optimum nyhav thiab tag nrho ripen. Ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo luj - 150 grams.
Mature txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog da dej, yog li tus sau yuav tsum tau ua kom raws sij hawm. Nqaij apples zoo cia. Thaum muab cia rau hauv ib qho chaw tsaus, txias qhov chaw, lub neej txee yuav muaj txog li 2 lub hlis.
Pollination
Qhov ntau yam Solntsedar belongs rau nws tus kheej-tsim hom ntawm apples. Zoo pollinators rau nws yog ntau yam: Wine, Suislep, Dawb txhaws.
Nqe lus piav txog ntau yam Solntsedar
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm txhua lub vaj yog ib qho kua ntoo. Nws tsos yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub vaj zaub ntoo. Ntxiv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm koj yuav pom tau ib daim duab ntawm ib qho kua ntoo ntawm ntau yam Solntsedar thiab nyeem ib qho kev qhia ntxaws txog qhov txawv ntawm cov ntoo ntawm lwm tus neeg.
Tsawg ntoo. Lawv cov yas yog tuab thiab sib npaug.
Ceg ntoo hais kom lub sab ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm txoj cai.
Tua - xim av, tsis tuab. Cov nplooj yog medium loj, oval-puab, nrog ib tug glossy ci. Ntawv phaj ntuag, serrated raws cov npoo. Cov xim ntawm nplooj yog ntsuab. Cov inflorescences yog loj, dawb.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo medium qhov loj qhov me, hloov puab. Mature txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav 150 gramsTxawm li cas los, muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hlob nrog ib tug luj ntawm 100 grams.
Cov qhaub qaum yog me. Daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov txiv apples yog du, nyias, me ntsis oily mus kov. Cov xim ntawm lub kua yog ntsuab, tab sis ib tug liab blush tshwm tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raws li nws matures.
Lub phais yog me me. Noob - medium loj, noob chamber kaw. Cov nqaij yog dawb, qab zib thiab qaub rau saj. Txiv apples yog zoo rau kev txuag.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Qhov ntau yam Solntsedar twb tau nyob rau hauv lub Sverdlovsk Experimental Teb Chaw. Rau nws tshem tawm, siv ntau yam ntawm noob Anis scarlet. Raws li peb tes num P.A. Dibrova noob tau sau tom qab nws cov dawb pollination. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau sown nyob rau hauv hauv av, raws li ib tug ntawm uas ib tug tshiab ntau yam tau.
Qhov ntau yam nyob rau hauv hnyav struts, uas tso cai rau nws ua hauj lwm tawm ib tug zoo Frost tsis kam. Txawm li cas los, Kua ntoo yog heev susceptible mus rau fungal kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog scab.
Ntuj faib rau thaj av
Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, ntau yam no yog nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Urals, tab sis vim nws frost tsis kam, nws adapts zoo rau ib tug colder kev nyab xeeb. Xav rau ntau yam Solntsedar yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb ntawm continental. Tab sis qhov ntau yuav zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog sov lub caij ntuj sov thiab ntev Autumn.
Thaum adapting ntau yam mus rau loj heev drought tej yam kev mob, nws yuav tsum tau muab ntau tshaj watering.
Kua ntoo nqus cov kua nruab nrab hauv cov ntaub ntawv tiav hauv lub hauv paus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau muab cov tsob ntoo hauv cov ntoo hauv cov kev mob qhuav. Nws yog nws yog qhov tsim nyog thiaj li hais tias tsob ntoo tuaj yeem tsim qhov tsim nyog ntim ntawm kab kawm rau qhov qub tso cai ntawm cov duab photosththesis.
Thaum loj hlob ntau yam nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm huab txias, li niaj zaus pub yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Khov xau, raws li txoj cai, yog cov neeg txom nyem hauv cov as-ham.
Pub ib tug hluas ntoo nqi 2 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Qhov feem ntau txaus siab rau cov txheej xwm yuav caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg.
Nrog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsob ntoo raws li nws yoog, cov naj npawb ntawm kev pub noj yuav raug txo kom mus txog 1 tauj ib xyoo.
Tawm
Ntau yam Solntsedar - high-yielding. Thawj cov ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav coj tuaj rau xyoo 7 tom qab cog. Qhov no yog ib lub sij hawm ntev heev, txawm li cas los, los ntawm ib tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau sau mus txog 85 kilograms ntawm txiv apples. Lub caij sau qoob loo yog nyob rau lub Yim Hli.
Tsis txhob ncua nrog sau, raws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe sai sai poob tawm. Mature txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav 150 grams. Plucked txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia rau 2 lub hlis. Zoo tshaj plaws apples yog haum rau noj nyob rau hauv tshiab los yog nyob kas poom daim ntawv.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Ib tug muaj cai gardener yeej ib txwm adheres rau cov kev cai ntawm cog thiab tu ib tsob ntoo kua.
Kua ntoo Solntsedar ntau yam unpretentious mus rau tej yam kev mob ntawm tsaws. Ua ntej yuav tsaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsaws. Txij li thaum Kua ntoo muaj rau nws tus kheej-tsim ntau yam, cog lawv sawv ntawm lwm cov ceg ntoo.
Tswv yim: Kua ntoo nyiam lub hnub, yog li qhov zoo tshaj plaws cog zaub lawv yog qhov chaw zoo.
Thaum twg ib qho chaw rau cog ib lub kua yog xaiv, nws yog tsim nyog txiav txim siab rau lub sij hawm.
Nws yog zoo dua cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav los ntawm xaus ntawm lub Peb Hlis mus rau ib nrab-Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Npaj rau cog yuav tsum pib lub lim tiam no.
Rau cov txiv apples koj yuav tsum khawb qhov tsis pub dhau 1 metre sib sib zog nqus. Hauv av nyob rau hauv qab ntawm fossa yuav tsum tau loosened thiab fertilized.
Kua ntoo yuav tsum cog ntawm ib qho deb ntawm 4-5 meters ntawm txhua lwm yam. Tom qab cog lub tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau zoo watered.
Lub peculiarity ntawm kev saib xyuas rau cov ntoo ntoo ntawm Solntsedar ntau yam yog hais tias lawv yuav tsum tau tu ncua pruning. Yog tsis muaj pruning, lub crown yog thickened, thiab tsob ntoo ceases mus dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev ntsuas kev ntsuas muaj xws li:
- Tshuaj ntsuam ntawm tsob ntoo.
- Kev kho mob ntawm qhov chaw pom.
- Pruning qhuav thiab puas ceg.
- Sab saum toj hnav ris tsho ntawm ib qho kua-ntoo.
- Tsis tu ncua.
- Kab Tsuag Tshuaj.
- Whitewewashing lub pob tw.
Yog tias koj ua tiav tag nrho cov qauv kev tu mob rau ib tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo, ntau yam Solntsedar yuav ua ib txwm zoo tuaj.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Kua ntoo muaj cov tsis kam ua rau fungal kab mob. Cov theem ntawm tsis kam ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nplooj rau scab yog heev tsawg. Lub ntsiab kev ntsuas rau tshwj kom txhob fungal kab mob:
- Scab. Qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai tus kab mob. Yuav kom tiv thaiv nws, koj yuav tsum tau kho cov ntoo nrog ib tug daws ntawm urea.
- Mealy dew. Mus kov yeej tus kab mob no, koj yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tsuag kua ntoo nrog ib qho tshuaj ntawm colloidal leej faj.
- Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Rot. Lub ntsiab kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv kom txhob kis tau ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas.
- Milky luster. Yuav kom ua puas rau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob no, koj yuav tsum tsuag cov kua ntoo nrog rau kev tov soda tshauv.
Kab tsuag tsis ua rau puas tsuaj ntau rau tsob ntoo. Tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm zoo nkauj lwj qhov tsos ntawm lub Kua thiab tag nrho cov qoob loo. Yuav kom tswj tau cov kab tsuag yuav tsum tau thov cov txheej txheem xws li:
- Ntsuab aphid. Yuav kom tiv thaiv aphids, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov koj yuav tsum tau puas nws vaj tse (qub bark), thiab tom qab ntawd ces tshuaj tsuag cov ntoo nrog ib tug daws ntawm Bordeaux sib tov.
- Sheet ciaj ntswj. Cov kab no yuav raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev txau cov tshuaj karbophos.
- Kua Mole. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov kab tsuag. Qhov loj tshaj plaws los mus tiv thaiv nws yog kev kho mob ntawm cov ntoo kua nrog karbophos daws.
- Kua paj hlwb. Yuav kom ua puas lub tsimnoyed xav tau kev kho cov ntoo nrog cov tshuaj Enterobacterin.
Kua ntoo ntau yam Solntsedar thoob plaws hauv tsev neeg.
Muaj ntau tus gardeners tau xaiv los cog cov no ntau yam rau nws thaum ntxov ripening thiab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo saj.
Hmoov tsis, ib qho ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam yog lub luv luv txee lub neej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm khaws cia apples yuav thov koj rau ntau lub hlis.
