Kua ntoo Ntshav qab zib muaj zoo kawg zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov ntau yam.
Nws qhov loj tshaj plaws yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas siab organoleptic thiab amazing siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo resistant rau ob qho tib si Frost thiab drought. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Zoo li cas?
Kua ntau hom daj qab zib yog hais txog rau lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam.
Maturation tshwm sim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Kua ntoo yog hais txog lub caij ntuj no-nyuaj hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nruab nrab resistant rau scab.
Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm high yield thiab drought tsis kam.
Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob nruab nrab li ob lub hlis, li cas los xij, nyob ntawm seb kom cia ntawm apples:
- kub - 0 ° C;
- txheeb ze ntawm huab cua - 90-95%;
- cia nyob rau hauv ntoo ntim yog ntshaw;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo sizing los ntawm qhov loj.
Lub caij ntuj sov ntawm cov ntoo muaj xws li: Lub Xya hli ntuj Chernenko, Quinti, Liab ua ntej, Lub caij ntuj sov striped, Southern, Glory rau cov khiav, Solntsedar, Siyanets Solntsedara, Terentyevka, Chudnoe, Yubilyar, Yandykovskoe, Kua Spa, Robin, Papirovka.
Pollination
Pollination tshwm sim vim lub pollen ntawm kua paj ntawm lwm yam ntau yam, raws li cov kua ntoo yog ntawm nws tus kheej-fruitless hom. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov kab khiav tawm ntawm ob hom ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb ntawm tsib meters los ntawm ib leeg.
Kev piav qhia ntawm qib Sweet qab zib
Cov tsos ntawm ib tsob ntoo yog tswm sim los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm tsob ntoo, hnav yas ntawm nplua nuj xim thiab lub teeb ntsuab, loj txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev loj hlob sai, siab, qee zaum tshaj 8 m.
Morphologically, tsob ntoo zoo li Suav ntau yam. Cov ceg muaj xim txiv kab ntxwv-xim daj.
Lub crown yog theej sprawling thiab txo qis. Tus tua yog ntsuab daj, nyias thiab ncaj.
Nplooj ntoos ntsuab xim ntsuab, loj. Nws muaj ib qho zoo nkauj zoo nkauj nrog serrations ntawm cov npoo.
Cov hlua khov kho yog ntev thiab ntev. Suav Suav cov ntoo feem ntau siv rau cov hom phiaj zoo nkauj. Fruiting on kolchatka.
Los ntawm qhov loj medium (nruab nrab txiv hmab txiv ntoo luj yog 150 grams), hloov puab. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov zoo nkauj daj dov nrog strokes nyob rau hauv lub xim liab xim.
Cov nqaij ntawm lub Kua yog cream-xim nrog ib tug yellowish tinge, grainy sib xws. Apples Sweet mus saj nrog ib nyuag qaub saj. Daim tawv nqaij yog du nrog ib tug bloom Bloom. Qhov qhab nees yog 4.5-4.7.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ntau hom qab zib daj tau yug los ua tsaug rau lub txiv Belovu G.A. nyob rau hauv lub teb ua liaj ua teb Kirov Kubeno-Ozersk koog tsev kawm hauv cheeb tsam Volgograd.
Thaj Chaw ntawm Keeb Kwm
Lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ntuj Kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog daj North-West cheeb tsam ntawm Russia.
Qhov feem ntau cov kua tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam muaj nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Volgograd.
Raws li cov kev cai tswj hwm rau kev tu thiab kev cog ntawm lub tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntawm ib qho av.
Tawm
Tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhov thib plaub, siab tshaj tsib xyoos tom qab tsaws. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening nyiaj rau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Tus neeg siv sij hawm pib txij thaum lub 8 hli thiab kav ntev mus txog thaum lub Kaum Hlis.
Cov tawm los ntawm Sweet qab zib ntau yam tsis siab, vim loj Kua kua. Kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum muaj kev thauj zoo.
Ua rau tsis tu ncua, txhua xyoo. Txog nruab nrab ntawm ib tsob ntoo tshem tawm mus txog 100 kilograms ntawm qoob loo.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Cov tawm los thiab qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Qab Zib daj ntau yam Kua ntoo ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas. Thaum cog ib tsob ntoo siv classic chiv.
Kev tu ib tsob ntoo tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau ntau, raws li qhov ntau yam yog tsis yog fastidious rau cov av thiab yog resistant rau fungal kab mob.
Kua ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog cog nyob rau hauv tej yam ntawm peb lub caij: Autumn (lig Cuaj hlis - thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj), caij nplooj ntoos hlav (lig Plaub Hlis), lub caij ntuj sov (lig Lub Xya hli ntuj).
Raws li qhia, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau koj xaiv lub caij nplooj zeeg caij rau cog ntau yam daj qab zib.
Hais rau ib tsob ntoo loj hlob muaj zog, noj qab nyob zoo thiab zoo nkauj, thawj yam uas tsim nyog yog xaiv cov cai seedling.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xaiv seedlings nrog ib tug tsim paus system thiab yuav lawv nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam nrog tib climatic tej yam kev mob.
Thaum seedlings twb tau yuav lawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau xaiv qhov chaw zoo rau cog ib qho kua ntoo.
Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm txoj cai qhov chaw cog qoob hauv qab zib:
- tsis-tsaus ntuj lub tebchaws;
- tsis muaj cua;
- landing aav yog zoo drained;
- kom tsob ntoo loj hlob muaj zog thiab nqa siab tshaj plaws tawm los, nws yog pom zoo siv loamy av;
- qhov chaw deb ntawm av;
- kom npaj qhov tsaws qhov.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv txoj kev tsaws tsoob yog xam npaj ntawm tsaws qhov.
Qhov kev pom tsis zoo ntawm qhov aub tsiv rau cog ib qho ntawm no ntau yam: 1x1x0.7m
Qhov tsaws algorithm yog qhov yooj yim heev.
Sab saum toj txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb excavated yog tov nrog txheej hauv qab thiab cov nram qab no chiv yog tswvcuab:
- 18-20 kg ntawm nees manure;
- 250 grams ntoo tshauv;
- 250 g ntawm superphosphate;
- 100 grams ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate.
Tus pit no puv lawm ib tug sib tov ntawm av nrog chiv rau 2/3.
Fertile av tsis muaj fertilizer yog poured on to top. Ntaus dej thiab ntxiv dua rau txheej txheej ntawm cov av fertile.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem ua tib zoo cog qoob tsob ntoo, dua li nrog lwm tus neeg pab.
Tom qab, nco ntsoov khi nws mus rau ib tug ntoo pas los ntawm daim duab yim.
Thaum xub thawj, cov kua qab zib ntawm cov kua qab zib tsis tsim nyog kho mob.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab tsawstseem ceeb rau kev nqa tawm Tsim tawm ntawm deciduous crown ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los luas tag nrho txhua ceg.
Thawj ob lub xyoo, nws yog TSEEMCEEB tias lub tsob ntoo muaj kua khi rau ib tug ntoo peg (nws zoo dua yog siv cov tsaj linden lossis cov tsob ntoo).
Kev saib xyuas theem pib thaum thawj peb rau plaub xyoos tom qab cog:
- tying ntoo los tiv thaiv nas thiab nas (khoom - parchment, lapnik);
- mulching nrog humus pristvolnyh voj voog;
- pruning 80-100% ntawm paj, thiaj li tsis los ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- hilling hauv av mus rau ib qhov siab ntawm nees nkaum centimeters;
- dej ntawm cov ntoo uas sib tov uas tiv thaiv kab tsuag.
Hauv cov xyoo tom ntej no, tib cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav tshwj tsis yog thawj zaug (vim cov nas tsuag tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov yub) thiab qhov chaw thib peb.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Qab zib daj ntoo yog heev resistant mus rau ntau fungal kab mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov kua los ntawm fungal kab mob yog kev tiv thaiv.
Ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntxiv kev ntsuas uas coj ib tug tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tawm tsam ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub kua ntoo:
- pollination ntawm colloidal sulfur thiab tooj liab txuas;
- kev siv ntawm ntau yam nrog high tsis kam mus rau tus kab mob;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv;
- fertilization ntawm potash thiab phosphorus hom;
- av tshauv;
- crown tsim;
- pub nrog potash chiv;
- Tshuaj Calcium tshuaj chloride thaum lub caij cog qoob;
- raws sij hawm sau;
- muab cia ntawm apples.
Kev ua raws li tsawg kawg ib nrab ntawm cov haujlwm saum toj no yuav txuag koj cov ntoo los ntawm cov kab mob xws li kab xau, powdery mildew, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qaub, cov kab mob hlawv thiab ntau lwm tus.
Piav me ntsis txog cov cim thiab ua rau qee yam ntawm lawv.
Scab feature - lub yeej ntawm nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, thiab ces tus swb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Yog vim li cas rau cov tsos ntawm no fungus yog feem ntau lub stagnation ntawm huab cua hauv lub crown ntawm ib tsob ntoo los yog nce humidity.
Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm scab yog cov tsos ntawm ntsuab-xim av me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug loj pes tsawg tus me xim av, sib sau ib crust, me ntsis rau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov hlawv yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob Erwinia amylovora. Cov kab mob kis tsis tau kho, hmoov tsis. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg sai li sai tau yog li ntawd lawv tsis kis kab mob nyob ze. Tus neeg saib xyuas neeg mob yog qhov khoom cais tawm.
Khais pob feem ntau tshwm sim vim yog tsis txaus los ntawm calcium hauv cov av, ntau zaug ntawm nitrogen chiv, high humidity, lig sau lub sij hawm, thiab tsis zoo cia tej yam kev mob.
Tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm maub xim av nyuaj siab me ntsis thiab cuam tshuam lub fetus nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: ntawm tsob ntoo thiab thaum lub sij hawm cia.
Tus kab mob tom qab tshwm sim feem ntau tom qab hnyav rains.
Mealy dew - qhov no yog ib hom kab mob hu ua fungal.
Ib tug yam ntxwv kos npe ntawm tus kab mob yog cov tsos ntawm mycelium fungus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dawb Bloom on nplooj ntawm cov ntoo. Tus mob no tshwm sim rau ntawm tsob ntoo hauv qab, txog thaum nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsob ntoo.
Kua ntau Xim Ntoo nrog coj zoo nkauj, cua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov neeg siv khoom zoo thiab ntev lub neej txee lub neej. Nrog tshwj xeeb npaj, lub sapling yuav germinate on tej av.
Tsob ntoo tsis tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Heev resistant mus rau ntau cov kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm yeej los ntawm pests, kev kho mob tsis yuav tsum tau ntau kev rau siab. Qhov tsuas yog drawback yog lub zog shedding ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Saib cov yees duab hais txog kev tiv thaiv cov kua ntoo los ntawm kab tsuag thiab kev tu nws.
