Saplings ntawm Belarusian ntau yam ntawm apples yog tsis tshua on muag, tab sis yog tias koj tau ntsib, yuav lawv, lawv yog cov zoo heev rau cov loj hlob nyob rau hauv peb txoj kab nruab nrab.
Kua ntoo Belarusian raspberry - kua txiv dav nrog lub npe zoo nkauj, thiab ib qho tshwj xeeb lo quav ntxiv rau nws cov nplhaib tshwj xeeb.
Lub saj tias tsuas tau zoo dua lub sij hawm yuav tsis tu siab, tab sis Cov txiv qab zib yuav khaws cia kom txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav!
Zoo li cas?
Hais txog lig rau lub caij ntuj no ntau yam.
Belarusian raspberry kua zoned nyob rau hauv Koom pheej ntawm Belarus, tab sis ua tsaug rau nws Frost tsis kam, nws tau ntev tau ntse zus deb dhau nws ciam teb.
Aphrodite, Aromatny, Lub caij ntuj no kev zoo nkauj, Aport thiab Antonovka tib yam rau lub caij ntuj no ntau yam.
Pollination
Yuav kom nruj pollinate thiab tau txais ib tug zoo sau, Kua ntoo yog cog ntawm ib tug deb tsis pub ntau tshaj 50 meters ntawm txhua lwm.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators rau ntau yam yog:Antonovka khoom qab zib, Welsey, Lovefam, Minsk.
Tsis tas li ntawd, rau Cross-pollination nyob rau hauv lub site, nws yog ntshaw kom muaj tsawg kawg yog peb peb mutually-pollinated ntau yam.
Ntau yam piav qhia
Xav txog cais cov tsos ntawm cov kua thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kua ntoo nruab nrab qhov siab (txog li 5 m) nrog ib tug npawv crown. Uterine ceg yog grayish-xim av, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Tus tua yog txawv los ntawm ib tug xim maub xim, articulated, zoo-pubescent.
Cov xim ntawm nplooj yog tsaus ntsuab, ci ntsa iab. Hniav loj, tawv, ovoid. Qhov ntxeev ntawm nplooj tsuas yog sib, lub hauv paus yog lub plawv-puab los yog sib npaug.
Cov nplooj yog ib qho uas muaj zog ntawm txoj hlab ntsaws rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus thiab me ntsis qis hauv kev sib raug zoo rau qhov tua, thiab nyob rau sab saud ntawm cov tua lawv quav raws kab ntawm lub hauv siab.
Qhov sawv ntawm nplooj yog tsa, wavy, codulate nyob rau hauv cov duab nrog cov hniav cov hniav.
Nplooj ntoos stalks muaj ib lub lauj kaub tais diav. Petioles yog tuab, luv luv, tawm ntawm cov ces kaum siab tshaj 45º, thiab nyob rau hauv qis seem ntawm kev tua tsim ib lub 90 ° kaum nrog lawv. Lub buds yog me me, kheej, nias.
Txhua xyoo seedlings yog siab, pubescent, nrog ib tug thickened pob ntseg brownish-Cherry xim. Lawv muaj peb los yog plaub pawg tsim tsa ceg nrog ib tug me me ntawm lecheviches.
Apples loj (hnyav 100-150 g) sib npaug los yog sib npaug. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj imibit ribbing. Lub phais yog nqaim, me me, nrog grooves.
Lub funnel kuj ntiav, nqaim, greenish, qee lub cev orzhavlennaya. Sepals yog me me, kaw, tej zaum lub khob yog ib nrab qhib.
Lub luv thiab tuab peduncle muaj thickening kawg thiab feem ntau tsis ntev dhau lub funnel dav hlau.
Lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub teeb ntsuab. Lub topcoat muaj ib yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim qoob loo ntawm cov xim tawg ua ib qho kev sib tw, uas tau muab ntau yam nws lub npe.
On apples, ib tug bluish tawg paj yog zoo pom. Podchashechnaya raj muaj ib tug conical zoo, nkag mus rau hauv lub plawv.
Ib lub plawv me me nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug dos yog nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov noob ntoo me me, tuaj yeem raug kaw ob leeg thiab me ntsis qhib rau hauv cov kab noj hniav, nrog cov xim av dub.
Nyob rau hauv ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lub pulp muaj ib tug dawb xim nrog ib tug cream ntxoov ntxoo, medium ntom, muaj kua.
Saj ntawm apples heev qab zib, qab zib thiab qaubtam sim ntawd tom qab sau me ntsis qaub, tab sis nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tso nws ua zoo heev.
Cov nram qab no muaj peev xwm tseem khwv ntawm zoo saj: Orlovsky Pioneer, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka thiab Aromatny.
Diam duab
Lub keeb kwm ntawm xaiv ntawm Belarusian raspberry
Qhov ntau yam tau ntawm Belarusian Kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Qos yaj ywm, Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo thiab Zaub (nyob rau hauv Minsk thaj tsam ntawm Belarus) los ntawm breeder G.K. Kovalenko los ntawm hybridization Antonovki thiab Lovefam. Zoo li Antonovka dog dig, nws muaj ib lub caij ntuj no high school hardiness.
Loj hlob thaj av
Belarusian raspberry yog ntse zus hauv Belarus thiab Baltic States.
Ntau nrog high school lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab skoroplodny heev.
Tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam. Central Russia.
Hauv particular, nws hlob zoo nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Novgorod.
Rau cog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no kuj zoo haum ntau yam: Cinnamon Tshiab, Assterisk, Melba, Ouspenskoe thiab Papirovka.
Tawm
Fruiting pib lawm rau 2-3 xyoos ntawm lub Tshuag 62-396, thiab nyob rau hauv 4-6 xyoo tom qab cog on noob stocks. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib xyoos ib zaug, thaum lub xyoo ntawm high yields alternate nrog sim.
Productivity yog nce mus txog 37 kg los ntawm ib tsob ntoo kaum xyoo thiab mus txog 250 tus neeg nyob ntawm ib hectare. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hlikhov kho ntawm cov ceg tsis nquag mus rau shedding.
Zoo heev tawm los kuj qhia txog: Rossoshansky, Tshav ntuj, Sokolovsky, Stroyevsky thiab Wonderful.
Apples yog usable txij lub Kaum Hli Ntuj-Kaum Ib Hlistab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws saj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tso rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj-Lub ob hlis ntuj.
Rau cia, apples raug muab tshem tawm nrog rau soj caum. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv, tsis txhob lwv los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo wax wax, nws yuav muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm cia.
Txiv apples yuav tsum tau txheeb los ntawm qhov loj me, tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas. Tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv ntoo thawv thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub txias cellar los yog qab daus.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cia kub txog 0 ° C. Nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob, lub Belarusian crimson tau khaws cia kom txog rau thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog txawm mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Tsib Hlis.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Cog Tsob Ntoo Kua Zaub Tsob Haus Belarusian Malinovaya "> Cog cov kua ntoo yog ua tiav thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav raws li tus qauv npaj tseg. Yuav kom seedlings yog zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nurseries ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Qhov no ua kom paub tseeb tias lub tsob ntoo kua txiv raug coj los siv rau cheeb tsam huab cua. Tus yau lub yub, qhov zoo dua.
Nws yog qhov zoo heev yog tias tsob ntoo khawb ncaj qha thaum kev yuav khoom: yog li koj yuav nco ntsoov tias nws tau cog hauv qhov chaw zov me nyuam.
Ua ntej xa cov hauv paus hniav, qhwv lawv nrog ntxhuab, ib daim ntaub ntub dej los yog ntawv thiab qhwv lawv hauv yas yas los khaws cia ya raws.
Yog tias koj yuav ib lub noob rau hauv ib lub taub ntim, kuaj xyuas los ntawm hauv qab no thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias muaj cov hauv paus hniav ua rau ntawm nws.
Rau kev loj hlob zoo thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo hauv av, cog cov ntoo ntawm cov sawv cev nruab nrab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. fertilized xau nplua nuj nyob rau hauv poov tshuaj thiab organic teeb meem. Cov av yuav tsum txaus moist.
Lub rooj rau lub seedling yog npaj ua ntej. Yog hais tias cov av rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog haum, cov ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv pits.
On ntawm Sandy xau, on qhov tsis tooj, yuav tsum npaj ib tug loj square qhov ntev txog 80 cm tob muab tso rau hauv nws Moss khaws ntub thiab cov khoom noj thiab npog nrog fertile av.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub cog ntawm Kua ntoo yog nqa tawm ntawm lub xyoo tom ntej, nrog tus qhia txog kev cog lus ntawm pob zeb me me chiv. Organic fertilizer kuj siv mus rau zeb, xuab zeb thiab podzolic xau thaum cog - compost los yog manure.
Av nplaum, peat, thiab cov chaw ntub dej nrog av dej ze tshaj 1 m, tsis haum rau cov ntoo kua. Nyob rau hauv cov no, lub tsob ntoo cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv lub toj ntawm lub toj.
Kev tsaws tau ua tiav nrog lub peg, uas tau tsav mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov tsaws. Qhov deb ntawm cov ntoo nyob rau hauv lub vaj yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 4-6 m. Ib sapling yog thov mus rau ib tug peg, lub keeb kwm zoo straightened thiab maj them nrog lub ntiaj teb.
Cov ntxhia chiv thiab cov av tshiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau thaum lub caij cog qoob loo, raws li lawv tuaj yeem ua rau hlawv rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cog tsob ntoo heev dhau lawm, nws ua rau nws loj hlob thiab ua rau nws tuag taus. Hauv paus lub caj dab yuav tsum yog 3-5 cm ntawm qhov av. Kev cog lus siab yuav kho tau los ntawm kev sau hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub pov toj.
Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, lub seedling yog loosely khi mus rau ib tug peg thiab watered nrog 1-2 thoob dej tsis hais txog cov huab cua puag. Rau irrigation raws tus sawv ntawm tus aub tsiv ua lub qhov. Tom qab cov av qis, qhov ntoo yog khi kom zoo zoo, nyiam dua nrog kev pab ntawm peb pegs.
Kua ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej li niaj zaus watering. Yuav kom ntub dej noo, cov av yog mulched nrog sawdust, bark, manure los yog dub zaj duab xis.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, Kua trunks yog whitened rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm sunburn.
Yuav kom tau ib tug zoo sau tsis tu ncua pruning ntoo.
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav pruning, qhuav ceg raug muab tshem tawm. Nws yog ib qho tsis tsim nyog ua rau tsob ntoo loj heev thaum lub sijhawm no, txij li cov kev tawm ntawm lub phoj tuaj yeem ua rau cov ceg qhuav. Tuaj tsim yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav rau lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Rau qhov kawg, ua yeeb yam shortening thiab thinning ntawm ceg. Tshem cov ceg ntoo qhuav; tua uas cuam tshuam nrog txhua lwm yam; tau tshem ntawm thickened qhov chaw ntawm crown.
Txoj cai thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav: tshem tawm sib tw nrog lub hauv paus pob tw, vertically loj hlob ceg, tawm hauv kab rov tav. Slices cover nrog vaj twawb.
Ntau pruning yog undesirable, raws li nws leads mus rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Kua ntoo yog rot resistant, moderately resistant rau scab thiab powdery mildew.
Nrog rau txoj kev npaj vaj kho kom zoo txaus nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo, kev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav zam tau. Tsis tas li ntawd Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob nkig lub yas.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tseem tshwm sim, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los noj kev ntsuas tam sim ntawd, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tshem tawm thiab hlawv mob nplooj.
Rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm scab siv tshwj xeeb cov tshuaj. Ib qho zoo tshaj yog "Zoo Vaj", "Charm", "Zircon".
Cov no yog cov khoom lom ntawm ib tiam tshiab, tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov tib neeg, uas nce qhov tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis tsuas mus rau scab, tab sis kuj mus rau powdery mildew, thiab tseem tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm pests.
Nws tsis pom zoo siv cov tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj tua kab mob., ntau yam uas tau raug txwv rau kev siv vaj tse nyob ze, nrog rau cov av thaj av.
Tsis txhob neglect tiv thaiv tawm tsam tiv thaiv vaj teb pests. Txoj kev tua cov neeg zoo li cov ntxhiab npauj, hawthorn, txiv ntoo sapwood, kua npauj yuav ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau koj cov qoob loo.
Belarusian Kua ntau yam yog tsi los ntawm high Frost tsis kam thiab high tawm los, haum rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv central Russia.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Belarussian raspberry apples yog cov zoo saj, zoo zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab zoo li ib tug zoo nkauj tsos. Tsawg tus mob nyhav rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua nrog cov kws khomob.
Saib tus yees duab txog caij nplooj ntoos hlav txau ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus.
