Aport yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau nrov ntawm Kua nrog ib tug mysterious, tab sis heev nthuav zaj dab neeg.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo no yog yam ntxwv siab txheeb raws roj ntsha siabthaum lawv muaj dav muaj.
Ntxiv rau hauv tsab xov xwm koj tuaj yeem:
- nyeem tag nrho cov lus piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kua ntau hom Aport;
- nrhiav seb qhov no kua ntoo yog cog thiab cog;
- pom ib daim duab ntawm apples.
Zoo li cas?
Nyob rau hauv teb, nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening, Tag nrho cov vaj teb cov qoob loo, xws li cov ntoo hauv av, tau muab faib ua:
- lub caij ntuj sov (Lub Xya Hli-Lub Yim Hli)
- caij nplooj zeeg (Lub yim hli ntuj-Cuaj hlis);
- Lub caij ntuj no (Lub Kaum Hlis).
Aport, raws li kom loj hlob, hais txog lig Autumn thiab lub caij ntuj no saib. Yog txaus lub caij ntuj no hardy ntau yam.
Apple Aport muaj ob lub clones: ntau yam nrog tib lub npe Aport Alexander, tab sis nrog ib tug xim daj striped, as Well as Aport ntshav-liab.
Lub caij ntuj no kua txiv ntau yam xws li: Belfleur Bashkir, Bryansk, Veteran, Rennet Chernenko thiab Korey.
Aport ntau yam lus piav qhia
Kua Aport Alexander yog feem ntau nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab, nrog ib lub ci ntsuab yas thiab ntau xim liab.
Feem ntau ncav cuag loj loj. Txuam ntawm kev hloov, txaus haib crown, markedly branched, tab sis sparse. Nws inch yog ntawm 7 mus rau 10 meters.
Tus tua yog ntev, medium nyob rau hauv thickness, brownish nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib tug me me ntawm lentils. Cov ceg yog cov muaj zog, muab tso rau ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse loj.
Cov nplooj yog tsuas yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov xaus ntawm cov ceg me.
Cov nplooj ntawm Aport Alexander yog tsaus ntsuab, sib npaug, me ntsis flattened, ntawm qhov loj me me (120 millim ntsuas ntev thiab 75 millimetres ntawm dav).
Lub nplooj ntoos nplooj ntoos yog me ntsis curved, qhov sawv yog me ntsis pubescent nrog ib tug tuab neural nqa. Petioles ntawm nruab nrab qhov loj me txog 40 hli.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog truncated conical thiab loj heev.
Parameters ntawm nruab nrab fetus:
| Nyhav | 250-270g |
| Qhov siab | 70-75 hli |
| Dav | 92-95 hli |
| Peduncle | 1.5-1.8 cm |
Tab sis feem ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav cuag gigantic qhov ntau thiab tsawglos ntawm qhov ua piv txwv nyob rau hauv 500-600 g. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog liab-daj-ntsuab. Peel tsw tsw zoo, ci iab, tsis tuab, tab sis tsis nyias.
Yog tias koj tshem nws, nws yog xim daj-ntsuab nrog ploj liab ua rau thaj, stripes thiab cwj nrag, uas nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw khov kho txia mus rau lwm tus. Subcutaneous ntsiab lus yog pom meej nyob rau saum npoo.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj lub sab hauv lub plawv muab tso rau hauv sab qaum. Cov noob nchuav raug kaw thiab ncaj loj.
Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog cov tshuaj tsw qab, nplua-dawb, dawb-ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab tsis heev ntom.
Los saj apples Aport qab zib thiab qaub nrog caw tom qab, thiab seb lawv zoo li cas koj yuav pom hauv daim duab.
Cov nram qab no muaj peev xwm kuj boast ntawm zoo heev saj: Orlovsky Pioneer, Ekranny, Big Narodnoe, Orlinka thiab Aromatny.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub kua tsis tau tsim. Tab sis tseem nyob rau hauv 1779 Bolotov A.T. hais nws raws li ntau yam uas tau ntev tau paub thiab muab faib rau hauv lub npe "Gusevskoe".
Nws yog ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv Poland thiab Ukraine ntau ntawm apples Aport twb twb paub nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum ob. Thawj zaug lub npe Aport tau hais nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan thaum pib ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua.
Loj hlob thaj av
Vim yog lub keeb kwm ntawm qhov tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo, Aport Alexander yog qhov nyuaj rau qhov qhia txog thaj tsam ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntuj, tab sis nws loj hlob hauv qhov loj tshaj nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Kazakhstan.
Thiab, interestingly, muaj Alexandrov Kua Aport muab cov loj tshaj plaws thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib.
Tab sis qhov no kua ntoo yog yooj yim cog nrog lub vaj. nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb notxij li thaum nws muaj peev xwm siv sij hawm hauv paus hauv txhua qhov kev mob.
Tawm
Fruiting tshwm sim hauv kev loj hlob ntawm ib xyoos thiab tsuas tshwm sim rau 7-8 xyoo. Ntxiv fructification kav rau 40 xyoo.
Sau, raws li cov ntaub ntawv, yuav khaws txhua xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau, tab sis ntau zaus nws tshwm sim hauv ib lub xyoo. Productivity yog loj, Qhov nruab nrab, ib tsob ntoo muab mus txog 150 kg. Lub txee lub neej ntawm xws li apples ob rau plaub lub hlis.
High-yielding kuj pom ntau yam: Shtriel, Aloe Thaum Ntxov, Nastya, Kuibyshev thiab Antonovka ordinary.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, apples yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia nyob rau hauv ntoo ntim los yog racks, nws yog tseem tau nyob rau hauv cardboard thiab ntoo thawv.
Qhov kub zoo yog 0 ° C. Nws yog ntshaw tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug calibrated nyob rau hauv loj.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Thaum cog ib tsob ntoo siv classic chiv. Nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm lub Kua Aport yog tsis whimsical.
Kua ntoo Aport Alexander yog cog nyob rau hauv ob lub sij hawm:
- caij nplooj zeeg (lig Cuaj Hlis - Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj);
- caij nplooj ntoos hlav (lig Plaub Hlis).
Aport Alexander - lub caij ntuj no kua ntau yamthiab yog li ntawd tau qhia kom xaiv tom qab tag nrho Autumn lub sij hawm rau cog. Koj yuav tsum tau xaiv seedlings nrog ib tug tsim paus system.
Tsaws chaw yuav tsum yog zoo drained. Ua kom tsob ntoo loj hlob muaj zog thiab nqa siab tshaj plaws tawm los, nws pom zoo siv cov av loam.
TSWV YIM: Yog hais tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov av no, koj tuaj yeem khawb ib lub qhov taub thiab lub cheeb ntawm ib lub 'meter', sau nrog xuab zeb, nplooj lwg thiab peat. Qhov no yuav tsim txawm zoo dua rau cov kab mob ntawm seedlings.
Nco ntsoov dej tsob ntoo sai sai tom qab cog.
TSEEM CEEB! Thaum cog, tsis txhob muab cov av tso rau ntawm qhov chaw. Lwm yam, lub seedling yuav nyob rau hauv dej, thiab tsob ntoo yuav rot.
Lub xyoo tom ntej tom qab cog, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim lub deciduous crown ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los luas tag nrho txhua ceg.
Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis no koj YUAV TSUM irrigate ntoo nrog kab Tsuag tswj tebchaw.
Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua ob zaug:
- thaum buds pib swell on ceg;
- ua ntej lub buds Bloom.
Tom qab ntawd, tsob ntoo tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxiv fertilized rau ib xyoos. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau dej ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Kua Aport Alexander kuj ua tau nws mus tua ntawm pests thiab qhov pib ntawm ntau yam kab mob, zoo li lwm yam ntau yam. Thiab feem ntau nws tsis yog tsuas yog tsob ntoo uas cuam tshuam - qaub tag nrho cov qoob loo.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tau los yog tsis siav, los yog nrog tag nrho cov npe ntawm flaws.
Yuav kom tsis txhob swb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cais cov kua ntoo los ntawm lwm cov qoob loo hauv lub vaj, ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov nroj tsuag thiab tas li disinfect thiab fertilize cov av.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tawm tsam ib tsob ntoo, ces thawj daim paib yuav yog qhov khoob ntawm cov tawv ntoo.
Qhov feem ntau heev qhua ntawm lub cev yog twm qhov nceb. Nws tau txhawm rau cuam tshuam lub pob tw ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua, tab sis nws cuam tshuam lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ncaj ncees.
Tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm xws lub fungus yog tam sim ntawd tshem tawm. Txhua hnub nyob ntawm fungus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij rub tawm ntau lub zog thiab cov as-ham uas yuav tsum tau rau cov kua hauv lub cev.
Kev noj qab haus huv ntoo yuav raug kev txom nyem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los rhuav tshem lub fungus ntawm nws heev keeb kwm. Txwv tsis pub, tom qab qee lub sij hawm, lub nceb "rov qab" dua nyob rau tib qho chaw.
Tom qab tshem qhov mob, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas nws loj hlob yuav tsum tau disinfected. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias qhov kev txiav yog txawm, feem ntau nws yuav siv qhov chaw kom ob peb qho kev txiav ntxiv.
Kev ua yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm tooj liab sulphate.tom qab uas nws yog ntshaw kom pleev xim rau qhov chaw kho mob roj xim Yog tias qhov no tsis ua tiav, lub qhov txhab yuav ntev ua ib lub zes rau ntau hom kab tsuag.
Tus kab mob thib ob yog scab. Nws peculiarity yog hais tias nws ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov cuam tshuam cov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo, thiab ces txav mus rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Lub pob tw nyob twj ywm zoo noj qab haus huv. Cov ntoo ntawm Aport Alexander muaj xws li mus rau ib lub kab sib ntau-resistantant.
Qhov ua rau ntawm no fungus yuav ua tau cua stagnation hauv lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo los yog high humidity.
Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm scab yog cov tsos ntawm ntsuab-xim av me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug loj pes tsawg tus me xim av, sib sau ib crust, me ntsis rau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv, uas muaj xws li:
- av tshauv;
- crown tsim;
- potash chiv;
- pub nrog compost.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob tseem tsoo lub tsob ntoo, koj yuav tsum pib tam sim ntawd nws txoj kev kho mob. Cov kev kho mob yog vim tillage ncig thaj chaw thiab tsob ntoo txau ntau yam mixtures.
Raws li ib txoj cai, qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuas, uas yog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm txhua tus kab mob ntawm cov ntoo ntoo.
Cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj yog: ib tug daws ntawm urea (on average, 7-8 liters yog xav tau rau ib tsob ntoo), tooj liab oxychloride, uas yuav tsum tau siv ua ntej ua ntej flowering, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum lub tsos ntawm thawj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab Bordeaux kua, uas yuav yooj yim hloov nrog tooj liab sulfate.
Tsis txhob poob siab txog qhov pom ntawm txhua hom kab tsuag hauv vaj. Rau cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua li cas nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam Codling moth, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo soj ntsuam, hawthorn, silkworms thiab mining moth, nyeem nyob rau hauv cov khoom cais ntawm peb lub website.
Kua ntoo Aport Alexander coj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov khoom siab organoleptic siab nrog cov zaub mov muaj roj thiab zaub mov ntau.
Lawv tsis yog xaum xoom rau kev loj hlob thiab kev tu lawv. Tsob ntoo zoo nkauj zoo nkauj nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev yees duab no koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov keeb kwm ntawm Aport ntau yam thiab npaj siab yuav muab kho dua rau hauv peb lub sijhawm.
