Nws tolerates drought thiab heev frosts - Cherry ntau yam Ashinskaya Stepnaya

Cherry Stepnaya Ashinskaya suav hais tias yog ib tug zoo hybrid ntau yam ntawm shrub thiab vaj cherries.

Muaj ruaj tawm los, txog li 12 tons ntawm ib hectare.

Nws yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam rau koj saj thiab aroma.

Ashinskaya Cherry yog suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws - qhia txog ntau yam thiab cov duab tom qab hauv tsab xov xwm.

Ntau yam piav qhia Stepnaya Ashinskaya

Nta ntawm steppe shrub Cherry

Steppe Cherry los ntawm ib hom plum. Nws yog ib lub hav zoov-steppe nroj tsuag. Zoo noj hauv paus muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm huab cua av.

Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam deb nroog, nws tau raug fwm nrog cov ntug ntawm cov ntoo thuv, meadows, kab, qhuav qhov chaw thiab cov kab.

Tam sim no, muaj ntau hom kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm plowing, txhim kho, kev tsim kho thiab kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov tsiaj nyhav tsiaj loj.

Yog li ntawd, steppe Cherry twb tsis muaj lub sijhawm los txeeb thaj tsam tshiab.

Tshaj tawm suab ntawm cov yub. Nws yog ib tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj qig nyob rau hauv qhov siab mus rau ib thiab ib nrab meters. Ntau zaus 0,6-1,1 meters. Nws muaj nyias, me ntsis tsa, tua nrog me me compressed thiab tuab elliptical nplooj.

Cherry zoo ntau yam mus saj qaub nrog pronounced tartness. Ntau zaus noj ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog loj. Berries on ib ntxoov ntxoo ntawm ntau yam siv - los ntawm ci liab mus rau burgundy tsaus. Cov pob txha hauv lub pulp ntawm ob hnub yog ntse heev, me me.

Cherry skoroplodnaya. Nyob rau hauv fruiting tej zaum yuav nkag mus rau xyoo ob los yog thib peb. Steppe Cherry belongs rau lub caij ntuj no-Hardy ntau yam. Endures tsiv lub caij ntuj no frosts los ntawm 47 mus txog 55 degrees Celsius. Nws hlob qhov twg tsis zoo nkauj Cherry tsis noj paus. Nws muaj lub siab ua drought siab. Tsob ntoo tuaj yeem nyob los ntawm 20 mus rau 25 xyoo.

Ib qho paj ntoo hauv hav txwv yeem muaj peev xwm muaj ob peb lub ntsiab ntawm lub hauv paus uas ntev los ntawm luv luv los yog los ntawm hauv paus system.

Yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug Cherry yog pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm overgrown ntom thickets. Tsob ntoo muaj liab qab tua nrog nplooj me.

Nyob rau hauv cov xim, lawv yog cov ci ntsuab, lanceolate nyob rau hauv cov duab, ci ntsa iab. Lub paj yog dawb los yog beige, sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv peb los yog plaub cuav pov npauj.

Pedicle ntev tsis pub tshaj 25 millimeters. Lub sij hawm flowering yog nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj.

Cherries tsis tas yuav tsum tau agrotechnical ntsuas. Kev tuag tawm ntawm ib tsob ntoo tuaj yeem nrog nws los ntawm kev poob qis, kev txiav tawm ntawm kev nce siab, qis ntawm cov yas thiab cov ceg ntoo pob txha.

Nrog rau ib lub me me ntawm fruiting buds, tuag ntawm tsob ntoo tshwm sim ntau lub sij hawm sai dua. Nws yuav siv tau ua ib tsob nroj ornamental. Hnub no yog tsawg kawg. Teev hauv Phau Ntawv Loj.

Txawv ntawm steppe shrub Cherry los ntawm vaj teb zoo tib yam

• Steppe Cherry muaj variegated thiab ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cherries. Berry vaj Cherry oval nrog npoo sib npaug.
• Steppe Cherry berries qaub, nrog cov kabmob hais. Vaj Cherry qab qab softer. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, nrog me ntsis qaub.
• Shrub txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib qho xim ntawm qhov sib txawv - los ntawm qaim liab mus rau burgundy tsaus. Ordinary Cherry muaj ib qho ntxoov ntxoo, feem ntau tsaus liab.
• Cov pob txha nroj rau ob hnub taw, me me. Nyob rau hauv lub vaj - sib npaug nrog ib tug ntxoov ntxoo, tuab 0.4 cm. Cov kab ntawm cov pob txha yog ua haujlwm txig, lawv tsis ua rau qhov hauv lub qhov ncauj qhuav.
• Nyob rau hauv fruiting steppe Cherry los xyoo ob lossis xyoo thib peb. Nyob rau hauv vaj teb cherry fruiting tshwm sim rau 4 los yog 5 xyoos tom qab tsaws txiav.
• Steppe Cherry hais txog mus rau lub caij ntuj no Hardy ntau yam. Kev tswj lub caij ntuj no loj heev ntawm cua daj cua dub los ntawm 47 mus txog 55 degrees Celsius. Nyob rau ntawm lub vaj teb Cherry Frost tuaj nruab nrabmus txog li 48 degrees Celsius.
• Steppe cherry khaws cai nyob rau hauv hav zoov npoo, kab teeb thiab ravines. Teb yog zoo acclimatized nyob rau hauv tus kheej thaj av, nyob rau hauv orchards ntawm pib xyaum ua gardeners, industrial thiab collective lub vaj.
• Steppe Cherry ntoo tuaj yeem nyob los ntawm 20 mus rau 25 xyoo. Lub vaj Cherry ntoo - mus txog 35 xyoo.
• Bush cherry tau muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb uas khiav tawm ntawm hauv paus system los yog ib tug me me pob tw. Garden Cherry muaj ib qho loj ntawm lub cev.
• Lub flowering lub sij hawm ntawm steppe Cherry accounts rau nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Flowering vaj Cherry tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis.
• Steppe tsob ntoo muaj nplooj me me. Nyob rau hauv vaj teb Cherry nplooj yog txawm 2-3 zaus me.

Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av

Ntau yam tau raug nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev tus neeg sau npe nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo 2002. Nws suav hais tias muaj kev vam meej. ib tug hybrid nruab nrab ntawm steppe (Bush) cherries thiab dog dig (vaj).

Tus thawj coj ntawm ntau yam yog YUNIIPOK (Sab Qab Teb Ural Research Institute rau Horticulture thiab Qos yaj ywm).

Cov kws sau ntawv cov kws tshawb fawb: Anastasia Efimovna Pankratova, Kabir Kadirovich Mullayanov, Vladimir Ilyich Putiagin, IG Zamyatin

Synonym ntawm tsob ntoo steppe: shrub.

Luam ntawm ntau yam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev uas muaj: cuttings, tua, pits thiab los ntawm grafting. Nws yog zoo acclimatized nyob rau hauv tus kheej thaj av, nyob rau hauv orchards ntawm pib xyaum ua gardeners, industrial thiab collective lub vaj. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib nws nyob rau hauv Asia Cov Me Nyuam thiab Cov Tebchaws Europe Tebchaws.

Nws yog dav faib thoob plaws hauv Russia thiab CIS lub teb chaws. Tsob ntoo feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Ural thaj av, nyob rau hauv Caucasus, Kuban, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Volga, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov, Voronezh, Yaroslavl cheeb tsam.

Xws li ntau yam xws li Turgenevka, Kharitonovskaya, Fairy thiab Chernokorka loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam.

Lub koom haum muaj 92 cov cai patent, cov ntaub ntawv, daim ntawv pov thawj rau kev tsim thiab cov kev tshawb fawb.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib lub tswv yim sib xyaw ua rau drought tsis kam, kev tiv thaiv kabmob, ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab tsim tau.

Cov teeb meem ntawm paj thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav buds mus rau Frost thiab nce ntxiv kev tiv thaiv yog muab tshem tawm.

Cov haujlwm theoretical uas pab tsim cov neeg tseem ceeb, cov cuab yeej siv siab, kev coj noj coj ua tau pom zoo. Txhim kho ntawm lub koom haum muaj nuj nqis rau kev pib xyaum ua gardeners thoob ntiaj teb.

Tsos

Xav txog qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej.

Tsob Ntoo

Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntau lawm ntawm Ashinskaya Cherry yog siab. Qhov ntau yam muaj ib tug tsos zoo nkauj tsob ntoo, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhaj ntawv ntawm crowns. Tsob ntoo muaj nruab nrab qhov siab ncav 2.6-3.1 meters hauv qhov siab. Boom sib npaug 20-45 centimeters.

Yog ib tsob ntoo thiab yoo loj hlob. Lub crown ntawm Cherry yog tuab, cylindroconic nyob rau hauv cov duab, elongated. Nws muaj cov nplooj zoo. Ua rau kom loj thickening foliage.

Kev khiav dim yog oval-npawv, tsis muaj fluffs. Cov xim yog xim av-grey nrog ib tug silvery ntxoov ntxoo. Nyob ntev yuav ncav cuag 30- 45 centimeters. Medium lentils nrog ib tug heev me me. Raum bent, ntev heev, medium loj. Palpation ntawm lub raum muaj ib tug du tiaj tus.

Lub foliage yog ntau tsaus ntsuab greenish zas. Cov duab yog round, nqaim, oblong, nrog ib tug me khoov upwards.

Nws muaj ib lub ntse luv luv thiab ntse puag nrog ib tug biconcave ntug ntawm nplooj. Nyob ntev, daim ntawv tuaj txog 8 centimeters dav - 4 centimeters.

Kev poob siab tsis tuaj. Nws muaj ib qho ci iab, phaj ntawm nplooj ntawv, ntawm qhov uas cov anthocyanin tuaj. Qog amber-daj, ovate-npawv, me me. Cov nplooj ntoos muaj luv luv scape, ncav qhov nruab nrab ntawm 1.8 centimeters. Cov qauv hauv cov ntau yam tsis tuaj yeem tsis tuaj.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Ashinskaya txiv hmab txiv ntoo Cherry muaj kua, loj. Oval nyob rau hauv cov duab nrog sib npaug sawv. Lub ventral sab ntawm berries yog me ntsis inclined rau sab saum toj. Raws li cherry muaj ib tug me me zawj. Cov kab ntawm caws pliav yog cov tsis muaj zog heev. Sab saum toj ntawm Berry yog oval nrog ib tug nqaim elongated funnel. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv qhov hnyav ncav cuag 4.1-4.9 gram.

Possess maroon ntxoov ntxoo. Pulp burgundy nrog ci kua txiv. Daim tawv nqaij yog radiant, ntom, tab sis yooj yim noj. Qhov ceev yog qhov muag. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qaub yog elongated, ncav 4 centimeters.

Cov duab ntawm ib tug ncaj, kosospostavlennaya, nyias. Qhov sib cais ntawm berries los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qia qhuav - yam uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab ntes. Cov tsos ntawm cov berries raug kwv yees li ntawm 4.7 cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5 tau.

Mus saj qab zib Cherry, nrog rau ib tug me ntsis sourness. Pleasant qhov saj ntawm cherries yog nyob ntawm 4.5 ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5. Yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam mus saj thiab ntxiag muag heev aroma.

Yawm saj tseem pom los ntawm Dub Loj, Minx, Chocolate Girl thiab Shubinka.

Feem ntau Gardeners hu ua dessert. Tiam sis nws hais txog universal.

Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm mousses, preserves, concentrated juices, compotes. Broth berries siv nyob rau hauv gastralgia thiab kub taub hau. Ua tsaug rau me me cobalt, tooj laim, tooj liab thiab hlau, txhim kho lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov ntshav tsim.

Favorably raug rau lub cev nrog ntshav. Ua haujlwm zoo heev rau ntawm txoj hnyuv. Tshem tawm nitrogenous slags los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Muaj cov pectic tshuaj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo pulp muaj ib co kab mob bactericidal.

Lub pob zeb ntawm berries yog npawv nrog ib tug cream ntxoov ntxoo, 0.4 cm tuab. Qhov ntev ntev li 0.6 centimeters, dav 0.5 centimeters.

Piav zoo sib cais los ntawm lub pulp. Cov kab ntawm cov pob txha yog ua haujlwm txig, lawv tsis ua rau qhov hauv lub qhov ncauj qhuav.

Lub dorsal seam yog ntawm nplua smoothness, lub plab yog medium-tus. Qhov loj ntawm lub pob zeb txawv ntawm 0.17 mus rau 0.20 grams. Los ntawm qhov loj ntawm cherries yog 8-10%.

Diam duab

Yam ntxwv

Ntau yam khoom muaj nqis mus rau tus kheej-propelled nroj tsiaj. Yuav ib txhia pollinate ntawm nws tus kheej. Lub caij flowering lub sij hawm ntawm Cherry ntoo yog medium, ncav us txog lub sij hawm. Flowering Tsib Hlis 20-31. Lub pedicle luv heev. Cov paj yog tej yam me me, nrog ib qho kev pleev xim zoo nkauj, 5 los sis 6 pieces hauv ib qho inflorescence.

Cov nplaum yog dav, oval zoo lawm, dav nrog lub forked qaum. Rau qhov kov, tsis muaj kev sib tham. Calyx ncua mus rau saum, tswb-puab, muaj ib tug me me serration. Hom mob corolla yog ovate-saucer. Stamens yog nyob saum lub stigma ntawm pistil.

Tus nab npawb ntawm cov stamens nce 26 pieces. Chaw muag mis nyuj tsis muaj fluffs thiab velvet overcasting. Rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flowering thiab tawm los tov.

Tawm ruaj khov, txhua xyoo, siab heev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lig ripening. Tag nrho kom loj hlob tuaj txog thaum lub Yim Hli Ntuj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog simultaneous ripening. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog dej nag yog raug ntes.

Cov nram qab no ntau yam kuj muaj zoo yields: Volochaevka, Vianok, Generous thiab Griot Moscow.

Fruiting tshwm sim rau 4 lossis 5 xyoos tom qab cog qhov txiav. Ib tsob ntoo ntse fruiting mus txog 35 xyoo.

Productivity nws txawv ntawm 8 mus rau 10 kilograms los ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Los ntawm ib hectare ntawm orchard harvested los ntawm 10 mus rau 12 tons ntawm sau.

Cherry ntoo tolerates drought. Frost tsis ua hauj sim yog nruab nrab, kom tshem tawm 48 degrees Celsius.

Tsis kam mus rau loj heev frosts fruitful raum nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no - nruab nrab. Cov tsis kam ntawm inflorescences thiab buds kom muaj zog frosts nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub sij hawm yog me ntsis saum nruab nrab.

Qhov khov ntawm lub hauv paus system ncav ib qho cim peb-point.

Ib qho txawv qhov ntawm ntau yam yog qhov kho kom sai ntawm lub hauv paus system tom qab khov ntawm lub caij ntuj no frosts heev.

Kev cog thiab kev kho mob

Ntau cov kev qhia tawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev uas muaj tam sim no.: cuttings, tua, pob zeb thiab los ntawm grafting. Qhov yoojyim tshaj plaws yog kev luam tawm los ntawm saplings. Txij thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, gardeners npaj tua. Xaiv ib qho reddish tint, hardened ntawm lub hauv paus.

Qhov ntev ntawm lub txiav tua yuav tsum tshaj peb caug labmeter. Lub pruning nws tus kheej yog ua nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj los yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thaum sawv ntxov. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los xaiv huab cua txias. Txiav tawm cov hlua tam sim ntawd tso rau hauv dej. Rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm hauv paus system siv tshuaj kev loj hlob tshuaj.

Zoo haum heteroauxin. 100 ml daws diluted dej txias thiab kev haus cawv. Cuttings khi li thiab dipped nyob rau hauv lub sib tov nyob rau hauv volume 1 liter rau kaum xoob moos.

Kev paub ntawm kev tua nws tus kheej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1.5 centimeters. Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj txoj haujlwm no, koj tuaj yeem yuav tau npaj txhij-ua cog qoob loo hauv cov khw lossis cov khw.

Cov av rau cog yog npaj ua ntej. Nws ua raws khawb, tshem weeds thiab ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm txaj. Cov ntawv sau peat thiab xuab zeb ib txheej ntawm 10 cm. to top poured coarse dej xuab zeb. Tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nrog cov cuab yeej thiab nruj tamped.

Ces koj xav tau kom txaus dej ntau dhau ntawm cov av thiab pub dej haus - pob zeb hauv av fertilizer.

Lub cuttings yog cog vertically. Qhov deb ntawm lub seedlings yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 7 centimeters. Tob ntawm tsaws - tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 centimeters. Cov ntoo yav tom ntej yog them nrog cov hnab yas, uas muab kev tu thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau lub hnub ci.

Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings yuav tsum tau ceev faj irrigation ntawm sprayer. 14 hnub tom qab cog, adventitious keeb kwm yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau hauv lub seedling. Tom qab 30 hnub - hardly rooted.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Nws muaj lub siab tsis kam mus rau ntau hom kab mob. Tsi ruaj khov rau coccomycosis. Lwm cov kab mob hu ua fungal, tsis pom muaj qhov mob tshwj xeeb.

Raws li kev ntsuam xyuas cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Moscow Society of Testing Nature (MOIP), ntau yam Ashinskaya Cherry yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws resistant rau pests thiab kab mob.

Cov khoom noj qab zib Morozova, Zhukovskaya, Igrushka thiab Lebedyanskaya kuj tiv taus tej kab mob.

Tsis muaj kev raug mob los ntawm kab thiab ntau yam kab mob tau raug txheeb xyuas.

Xaus Ashinskaya Cherry steppe tau zoo heev saj, muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ci xim. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam rau kev npaj ntawm concentrated juices, jams, mousses. Nws muaj qoob loo ruaj khov thiab simultaneous ripening ntawm cherries. Nyiam gardeners rau unpretentious cultivation.

Kev luam tawm tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev uas twb muaj lawm. Nws muaj lub siab tiv thaiv rau ntuj qhuav heev thiab ntau yam kab mob. Qhov ntau yam tsis raug rau coccomycosis. Muaj peev xwm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo 4 los yog 5 xyoos tom qab tsaws txiav. Nws muaj ntev Preserve ntawm ntoo - mus txog 35 xyoo. Nws yog dav faib thoob plaws hauv Russia thiab CIS lub teb chaws.

Saib cov yees duab txog vau (steppe) ntau yam ntawm cherries