Cultivar Lebedyanskaya muaj ib qho zoo heev tawm los - txog li 7 kilograms ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo li lub siab ntawm lub siab.
Nws muaj kev qhia dav dav. Tsob ntoo muaj siab, ncav 3.0-3.5 meters. Propagated by budding.
Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm koj yuav nyeem cov lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam Lebedyanskaya, koj yuav pom li cas no Cherry zoo li.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Qhov ntau yam yog bred nyob rau hauv lub All-Lavxias Kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Horticulture lub npe tom qab IV Michurin (VNIIS).
Pab VNIIS - Nws yog ib lub koom haum ua hauj lwm rau txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam hauv horticulture.
Dessert Morozova, Morozovka thiab Uralskaya Rubinovaya kuj yug hauv lub koom haum no.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: qhov kev cais ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov xaiv ntawm cov qauv cog tshiab, kab mob tsis haum thiab ecology, cov sau qoob thiab kev yug me nyuam ntawm kev cog ntoo, kev siv tshuab, kev siv technology hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg laus, cov khoom noj kom zoo.
Lub koom haum siv tus qauv thiab kev tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ntau yam yog automation ntawm kev ua. Lub koom haum siv lub tswv yim ntawm cov lus qhia txawv.
Tsev kawm ntawv kev tsim tau muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov tub txawg thiab pib xyaum ua gardeners.
Lub npe Latin: Cerasus. Qib sau: Т.В. Morozov.
Tsob ntoo tau txais nyob rau hauv 1990 los ntawm cov pob txha ntawm Cherry ntau yam Vladimirskaya. Hauv kev loj hlob, lub noob raug kho nrog kev daws ntawm mutagen EC.
Nws tau zoo nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab sab qab teb ib feem ntawm Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus.
Muab coj los ua rau thaj av Dub ntiaj teb. Faib hauv Michurinsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Pavlovsk.
Tsos ntawm Cherry Lebedyanskaya
Xav txog qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo
Cherry ntoo yog suav hais tias yog yoo loj hlob, vim hais tias rau lub xyoo ncav lub meter kos. Muaj high kev loj hlob - mus txog 3.0-3.5 meters. Sib piv hauv kev loj hlob nrog no ntau plum Volga kev zoo nkauj, pears Hera thiab Victoria.
Yuav tsum muaj kev cob qha kev ua si. Crohn nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug pyramid. Cov nplooj yog tuab.
Bark nyob rau hauv cov ceg ntoo loj thiab luv luv yog muaj lub ntsej muag chestnut. Tua ntawm tsaus xim av ntxoov ntxoo, loj loj, nrog ib tug me me ntawm lentils.
Raum loj, sib npaug ovoid nyob rau hauv cov duab, me ntsis deviated los ntawm ceg. Lub foliage loj, oval-npawv nrog ib maub emerald ntxoov ntxoo. Nws muaj radiant bicuspid serrations thiab lub tiaj tus, du nyem. Kev poob siab tsis tuaj.
Chereshki nplooj muaj anthocyanin ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov hnyuv thiab elongation ntawm medium qhov loj qhov me petioles. Nyob rau ntawm lub kawg ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj muaj me me pieces ntawm hlau nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 1-2 pieces. Xim qog burgundy.
Nplooj ntsa hloov elongated nrog ib tug qaug zog incision. Poob tawm lig. Fruiting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub bouquet ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo stalks.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog medium medium, nyob hauv qhov hnyav ntawm 3.0 mus rau 4.5 grams. Rossoshanskaya, Ashinskaya steppe thiab Molodezhnaya tau boast tib qhov loj ntawm berries. Sab saum toj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog sib npaug nrog ib tug me ntsis kev nyuaj siab nyob rau ntawm qia ntawm Cherry. Thiab hauv qab taw qhia. Vim li no, lawv zoo li cov duab ntawm lub siab.
Hnav menyuam lub plab me me. Lub qia yog elongated nrog yooj yim sib cais ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm cov ceg. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug maroon ntxoov ntxoo tsis muaj ntsiab lus saum toj kawg nkaus.
Thaum tag nrho matured - yuav luag dub. Pob txha hauv cov berries yog medium loj.
Cov duab kheej, tsis ua rau qhov ncauj tawm hauv qhov ncauj. Zoo cais los ntawm cov tub ntxhais. Pulp cherries tsaus hurg burgundy.
Heev maj, ntom, nrog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo plentiful. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntawm berries yog maub liab-burgundy. Lub saj yog qab zib, nrog ib tug me ntsis sourness. Zoo heev kua txiv yog tau los ntawm ntau yam Zhukovskaya, Lyubskaya thiab Malinovka.
Cherry Lebedyanskaya - ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg:
| Muaj pes tsawg leeg | Quiche |
|---|---|
| Qab zib | ntawm 11.0% mus rau 11.64% |
| Acids | txij li 1.0% mus rau 1.37% |
| Ascorbic acid | los ntawm 34.0 mus rau 34.66 mg ib 100 g |
Diam duab
Cov yam ntxwv txawv
Tsaug cov ntsiab lus qab zib qab zib, qib tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo li khoom noj khoom haus ntau lawm. Nws muaj kev qhia dav dav. Nws yooj yim dua tshiab. Tiab kab xev, kwg hnav, compotes, tinctures thiab concentrated kua yog tsim los ntawm Lebedyanskaya cherry berries.
Dessert yuav ntau yam ntawm tsis tsuas cherries, tab sis kuj Kua ntoo nrog pears. Piv txwv li, ntau yam Dessert Petrova, khoom qab zib Rossoshanskaya thiab Moskvichka.
Flowering Lebedyanskaya cherry tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob lub lis piam nyob rau hauv lub 20th ntawm lub Tsib Hlis. Paj nrog ib tug pink-dawb ntxoov ntxoo. Cov nplaim paj yog ovate-rounded. Stamens yog nyob hauv qab lub stigma ntawm pistil.
Qhov no Cherry ntau yam yog nws tus kheej-fertile. Tab sis thaum siv cov pollinators, yields yog ho txhim kho.
Rau "Lebedyanskaya" cherries, qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators raug xam tias: "Vladimirskaya" Cherry, Frost-resistant Freezers, high-yielding Zhukovskaya thiab drought-resistant Turgenevka.
Harvesting siv qhov chaw nyob rau ntawm 4 los yog 5 xyoo tom qab cog. txiav. Lub caij nyoog ripening ntawm berries yog sim, ncav cuag tag nrho kom loj hlob. nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening ib zaug. Productivity yog siab.
Ib tsob ntoo muab ntawm 6.5 mus rau 7.0 kilograms ntawm berries. Los ntawm ib hectare ntawm av yog sau los ntawm 60 mus rau 80 quintals. Haum rau kev tso tsheb hlau luam tawm.
Los ntawm high-yielding ntau yam kuj yuav mus rau Minx, Chernokorka thiab Generous.
Nqaij zoo kawg li thauj mus los tshaj ntev ncua kev thiab zoo heev zoo ntawm berries.
Cherry Lebedyanskaya muaj zoo drought siab kam. Cherry hardiness yog zoo heev. Lub caij ntuj no hardiness ntawm xim buds yog tsawg tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws.
Zoo caij ntuj no hardiness manifest ntau yam Tamaris, Zhivitsa thiab Tsarevna.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
- Tsaws chaw
Lub pruning ntawm tsob ntoo yog ua li cas nrog rau niaj zaus Turgenevka thiab Zhukovskaya cherries. Pruning yog ua ntej ua ntej cov tsos ntawm ob lub raum. Nws yog tsim nyog tawm 5 los yog 6 ceg ntoo.
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 10 centimeters. Tus so yog tshem tsis tau tawm hauv qhov chaw siv. Lub qhov txhab ntawm tsob ntoo tam sim ntawd them nrog vaj twawb.
Rau cog cuttings yuav tsum tau xaiv qhov chaw nrog zoo heev tso cai ntawm tshav ntuj. Tsaws chaw yog tsim los ntawm sab qab teb sab ntawm cov tuam tsev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cog raws li lub laj kab, qhov twg muaj qhov muag softest microclimate.
Lub chaw xaiv yuav tsum yog nrog tau ntawm txuam nrog ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm snow nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Daus tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag thiab tsis pub nws khov rau hauv lub caij ntuj no ntawm lub sij hawm. Hlub loamy av.
- Npaj kev tsaws
Teb zoo heev rau kab noj thiab cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins av. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov av nrog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus txog kev ua pa.Kev tsaws chaw yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze dej.. Nws yog tsim nyog rau ntws cov av.
Thaum yuav ib lub npaj txhij seedling, nws cov hauv paus system yuav tsum tau qhwv nyob hauv Moss los yog peat thiab ua tib zoo qhwv hauv yas thauj zaj duab xis.
Seedlings yuav tsum tau grafted thiab muaj ib tug tsim paus system. Txhim kho ib feem ntawm cov quav yuav tsum tau txiav kom 55-70 centimetersuas tso cai rau koj kom tsim tau ib tsob nroj hauv daim zajlus.
- Luam los ntawm budding
Luam tshwm sim nrog budding. Nws zoo zoo nyob rau hauv rootstocks ntawm clones ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo ntawm Vladimirsky ntau yam thiab nyob rau ntau yam vaj noob noob ntau yam.
Budding siv nyob rau hauv ob xyoo caum ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Lub sij hawm: 14-21 hnub. 6-8 hnub ua ntej grafting, lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo yog watered nrog sov los yog chav tsev dej kub. Xws li tus txheej txheem stimulates SAP khiav. Lub bark yuav tsum zoo cais.
Ua ntej lub kas fes, tag nrho cov yub thiab tawm hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Lub scape yog xaiv ntev, ncav 6-8 millimeters. Tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo buds on xws li kev loj hlob yog vegetative.
- Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Nyob rau rootstock, ua ib tug txiav ntawm bark ntawm ib tsob ntoo, 3 centimeters ntev, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab - ib tug me me transvers incision.Nyob rau hauv no tus txheej txheem, qhov ntxeev disappears, thiab ib tug graft yog ntxig rau hauv qis ib feem.
Raws li nws dav, nws yuav tsum coincide nrog cov txiav ua. Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog muab qhwv yas. Lub raum yog sab laug qhib. Tom qab 14-21 hnub koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov ciaj ntawm lub qhov muag.
Thaum nias maj mam, nplooj ntoos yuav tsum cais. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub raum tau ntse tswm lawm. Tom qab 30 hnub, lub sam xuas tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm, qhov chaw ntawm budding yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Frost. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov, cov nqaij mos yuav tsum muaj ib tus nplaig nrog lub pob qhuav.
Teb zoo heev rau kab noj thiab cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins av. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov av nrog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus txog kev ua pa.
Nyob rau rootstock, ua ib tug txiav ntawm bark ntawm ib tsob ntoo, 3 centimeters ntev, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab - ib tug me me transvers incision.Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Nqaij zoo tsis kam mus rau ntau yam fungal kab mob.
Lebedyanskaya Cherry ntau yam yog tsis susceptible rau moniliosis, anthracnose, perforated spotting. Kev mob rau coccomycosis yog me ntsis.
Podbelskaya, Pamyati Yenikeeva, Kharitonovskaya thiab Fairy yog co heev resistant rau coccomycosis.
Rau kev kho mob ntawm coccomicosis siv Biofungicide tshuaj "Fitosporin". Tag nrho cov mob nplooj yuav tsum tau hlawv. Yog hais tias qhov no tsis ua tiav, tus kab mob ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus neeg mob ntawm tus kab mob no muaj tshaj li tus kab mob hauv lub cev thiab lub xyoo tom ntej cov nroj tsuag yuav rov mob dua.
Tsim tawm Qhov ntau yam muaj zoo tawm los. Ntawm ib hectare ntawm av lawv sau los ntawm 60 mus rau 80 centners txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Haum rau cov cuab yeej automated.
Nws muaj zoo ci zoo berries. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm burgundy ntxoov ntxoo, zoo li cov duab ntawm lub siab. Pob txha hauv cov berries yog medium loj. Vim lub siab qab zib cov ntsiab lus, ntau yam muaj nuj nqis raws li ib qho khoom noj qab zib ntau lawm.
Nws muaj kev qhia dav dav. Luam tshwm sim nrog budding. Nws muaj zoo tsis kam mus rau ntau yam fungal kab mob. Kev mob rau coccomycosis yog me ntsis. Muab coj los ua rau thaj av Dub ntiaj teb.
