Pear yog nrov nrog gardeners vim nws cov cua thiab muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo pulp, unpretentiousness nyob rau hauv cultivation thiab ntau yam ntawm ntau yam. Niaj hnub no muaj ib tug loj xaiv ntawm ntau yam sib txawv ripening ntev uas yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov huab cua puag - Frost tsis kam, qhuav lub sij hawm. On ib yam ntawm ntau yam ntawm pears - Kokinskoy tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.
Nqe lus piav ntau yam ntawm pear Kokinsky
Kokinskaya - pear Autumn ripening lub sij hawm, muaj npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Kokinsky lub koom haum ntawm Horticulture, qhov chaw uas nws tau bred by hla ob ntau yam: Nrov thiab kho. Tus sau ntawm cov tau ntau yam yog A. A. Vysotsky.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, pears tau coj mus rau lub tuam tsev ntawm Aphrodite thiab Hera, nyob rau hauv Ancient Rome lawv dlhau Juno thiab Venus. Hauv lub mythology ntawm ob haiv neeg, cov poj niam vajtswv yog ib lub cim ntawm kev ua neej. Thaum lub sij hawm hiav txwv voyages nrog kev pab ntawm pears relieved cov tsos mob ntawm seasickness.
Yam ntxwv ntawm tsob ntoo
Qhov siab ntawm Kokinskaya ntoo yog mus txog plaub meters, lub cheeb ntawm crown yog txog peb meters. Lub cev pob txha ncaj qha, ua rau cov ceg ntoo ntawm lub pob tw ntawm lub kaum pob zeb. Lub crown yog tsis heev tuab, yuav tsum tau pruning, lub duab ntawm crown yog pyramidal. Fruiting pib nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoo, tus tawm los yog high - paub tab ntoo tawm txog li 100 kg ntawm pears.
Qhov ntau yog lub caij ntuj no-Hardy, nyob rau hauv nyuaj Frost thaum lub raum freeze, qhov tawm los yuav txo, tab sis tsob ntoo nws tus kheej tsis tuag. Kokinska pear ntau yam yog piav raws li resistant mus rau cov kab mob xws li scab. Tsawg dua ua rau scab yog foliage tshaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. 
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Characteristic
Pears yog mounted rau ib lub khov, tuab, ntxhab, ntev, curved duab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pleev xim rau hauv ib lub teeb ntsuab xim, raws li lawv ripen tig daj, pears, tig mus rau lub hnub, ua cover nrog ib tug pinkish-liab blush. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj ntawm Kokinska pear ncav cuag 250 grams, cov nqaij yog creamy dawb, muaj kua, muaj ib tug qab zib dessert nrog me ntsis qaub.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Qhov zoo ntawm Kokinska pear muaj xws li high yield, cia ntev nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, Frost tsis kam, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob thiab rotting. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear muaj ib tug ci saj thiab loj ceeb thawj, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub sij hawm ntawm ripening pear Kokinsky cia tsiab peb caug nyob rau hauv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim rau cov tshiab thiab rau lub caij ntuj no harvesting.
Disadvantages: txawm high kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus rau scab thiab lwm yam kab mob, foliage yog susceptible rau lawv. Muaj frost tsis kam, tab sis thaum lub caij nyoog muaj zog nyob rau hauv kub, lub raum yuav khov dua, uas yuav cuam tshuam fruiting.
Cov hnub yuav tsaws thiab xaiv qhov chaw
Yuav kom loj hlob ib qho pear, koj yuav tsum paub txhua yam txog cov nqe lus, tej yam kev mob thiab haum rau Kokinsky pear tsaws qhov chaw. Cov hnub yuav tsaws yog nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej twg ntawm thaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb kev nyab xeeb, nws yog zoo dua cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj, nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sov tsis frosts hmo. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog ib qho zoo dua mus rau ncua kev tus txheej txheem rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, mus rau lub Cuaj Hli. Cov huab cua sov feem ntau ua rau cov nroj tsuag me me kom qhuav. Txij li thaum cov nroj tsuag tsis zam transplantation, seedlings ntawm Kokinskaya pear yuav tsum tau cog tam sim ntawd mus rau ib tug mus tas li qhov chaw. Pear haum moderately hnyav, xoob av nrog zoo kua. Nws tsis yog qhov ntshaw ze ntawm qhov chaw hauv av, nrog rau lub stagnation ntawm noo noo, hauv paus system yog cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal cov kab mob. Rau tsob ntoo koj yuav tsum tau xaiv ib tug zoo-zes, ventilated, tab sis tsis muaj ib tug kee qhov chaw. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog lub thaj, sab qab teb-sab hnub poob los yog yav qab teb ntawm lub vaj.
Cov kauj ruam-ua-theem txheej txheem ntawm cog seedlings
Raws li cov kev cai ntawm agrotechnology rau pear Kokinskaya cuab ntxhiab rau cog yog npaj ua ntej. Lub cuabyeej yog khawb, ntxuav ntawm nroj thiab ua kom 10 kg ntawm humus ib square meter thiab 100 g nitrophos. Nyob rau hauv qhov mob ntawm acidic av dolomite hmoov yog qhia.
Aub tsiv rau seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog npaj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Qhov luaj li cas: 70 x 70 meters sib sib zog nqus. Kua yog muab nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv, los ntawm saum toj no - ib txheej ntawm humus los yog compost txog li 20 cm, them nrog av. Los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg cog pit npaj nyob rau hauv peb lub lis piam. Ib tug sib tov ntawm av yog npaj los ntawm nutrient txheej ntawm av, peat, humus nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag, nrog rau ntxiv ntawm 20 g ntawm phosphorus-poov tshuaj fertilizer thiab 100 g ntawm tshauv. 
Rau cog pear Kokinsky xaiv ob-xyoo luam ntawm seedlings, nrog ib tus, smoothly bark bark. Cov ceg ntawm ib tug noj qab haus huv seedling yog hloov, lub keeb kwm yog moist thiab lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub txiav. Ua ntej txoj kev, lub keeb kwm yog immersed nyob rau hauv ib qho stimulating daws rau ib hnub twg. Tom qab shortening lub keeb kwm mus rau 10 cm, thiab sab tua raug txiav. Qhov siab ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb ntawm ib tug zoo sapling yog mus txog 85 cm Lub sapling yog txo qis rau hauv lub qhov, straightened lub keeb kwm thiab sprinkled nrog av, me ntsis tamping. Lub hauv paus caj dab ntawm seedling yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 3 cm los ntawm hauv av saum npoo. Tom qab cog, lub seedling yog watered abundantly, thaum cov av nyob rau hauv aub tsiv tau settled, sprinkled mus rau sab saum toj. Thaum kawg ntawm cog, cov av yog mulched thiab ib qho kev txhawb nqa yog tsim los rau pear.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Mulch yuav tsum tsis chwv cov tawv ntoo ntawm lub pob tw, yuav muaj rotting. Muab lub mulch ntawm qee lub nrug ntawm lub yub lub pob tw.
Peculiarities ntawm kev saib xyuas rau Kokinskaya pear ntau yam
Rau Kokinsky pears, qhov tseeb cov neeg zej zog yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum cog thiab tu. Lub hauv paus ntoo yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws neeg nyob ze, nws tsis pom zoo cog qoob loo roob ntoo: cov ntoo muaj cov kab mob tib yam thiab kab tsuag.
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev tiv thaiv rau pears yuav raws sij hawm thiab tu kom zoo. Lub cev ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum ceev kom huv, xoob thiab nroj cov av. Tshem tag nrho cov tshuav ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov nplooj poob. Qhuav thiab qaug zog tua raug rau sanitary pruning, watering yuav tsum tau zoo dosed, zoo tib yam siv rau dressings.
Tom qab pear dauv nplooj, ua cov ntoo Bordeaux kua los yog tooj liab sulfate daws - nws yuav txo qhov feem pua ntawm cov kab mob. Kev lom neeg tuaj yeem yuav noj tau thaum lub sij hawm cog qoob, thiab thaum lub caij cog qoob loo uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv qhov no yuav tsum muab ntev dua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws biopreparations yog: "Fitosporin-M", "Farmod", "Trichodermin", "Hamair", "Fitolavin", "Planriz". Ntawm no series, Gaupsin yog tshwj xeeb yog qhov txawv, muaj ob lub fungicide thiab cov tshuaj tua kab insecticide. Cov tshuaj no yuav tua cov kab mob hu ua fungal, bacterial and viral, "Gaupsin" kuj tiv thaiv kab tsuag.
Siv dej, loosening thiab weeding
Thawj xyoo pears watering txaus ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, ob lub thoob rau ib tsob ntoo. Raws li tsob ntoo loj tuaj, feem ntau ntawm cov dej tuaj yeem txo qis dua ob zaug hauv ib lub hlis, tab sis qhov ntau ntxiv tau nce. Cov neeg laus pears yuav tsum tau moistened nrog sprinkling. Nco ntsoov loosening cua nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv paus system thiab weeding los ntawm weeds. Tom qab tag nrho cov txheej txheem, cov av yog mulched kom zoo dua khaws ya raws.
Fertilization
Txhua txhua peb rau tsib xyoos, Kokinska pears yog fertilized nrog cov organic chiv. Cov ntxhia hauv pob zeb ua rau txhua xyoo, txij li ib qho loj ntawm cov as-ham tuaj yeem sau. Nws yog pom zoo kom siv chiv rau ditches dug nyob ze ntawm lub cev lub voj voog, sib tov nrog lawv hauv av thiaj li tsis mus hlawv cov hauv paus hniav. Ua ke nrog cov organic ua phosphorus-potassium composition (40 g), npog nrog humus. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo thaum cov organic teeb meem tsis tau thov, ib tug haum balanced ua pob zeb hauv av fertilizer.
Mloog zoo! Pear tsis nyiam nitrogen ntau. Chiv nrog ib tug high nitrogen ntsiab lus yog siv nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau, lwm yam nws yuav cuam tshuam rau lub tawm los.
Kho pruning
Pruning plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm Kokinsky pear. Cov txheej txheem uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm crown yog ua tiav nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm tsob nroj lub neej. Pears abundantly dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab cov ceg tau ua txhaum nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yog li ntawd, nrog lub formative pruning, tus lusteb ncaj ceg sab laug.
Huv ntim cov nplooj ntoos tshem tawm qaug zog, qhuav los yog khov ceg, thiab loj hlob tob nyob rau hauv lub crown thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg loj. Huv ntim yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog Autumn tom qab nplooj ntoos poob txhua xyoo. Cov txheej txheem tso cai rau koj los kho lub ceev ntawm cov yas thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob tua kab mob. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txhua xyoo tua ntawm lub xyoo tas los yog txiav mus rau ib feem peb qhov ntev. 
Rejuvenating pruning pears yog pruning lub pob tw mus rau sab ceg, pruning ib co skeletal ceg, kom ib tug uniform khoom ntawm muab kev pab cuam rau tag nrho cov tua. Txoj kev ua no ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov ntoo.
Thaum sau thiab yuav ua li cas sau tau sau ntau yam ntawm pears Kokinskaya
Cov tawm los ntawm Kokinsky pear yog siab - mus txog ib puas kilograms ntawm pears los ntawm ib tug neeg laus ntoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen nyob rau hauv thawj lub lim tiam ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Thaum twg tag nrho siav, pear yog yooj yim muab tshem tawm los ntawm qia, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe muaj ib tug nplua nuj aroma thiab softness.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Pears yog pom zoo kom tshem tawm los ntawm tsob ntoo thaum lawv qhuav los ntawm dew, txwv tsis pub lawv cia yuav tsis ntev.Sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntej noj su kom lawv tsis txhob muaj sij hawm tau kub heev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kub yuav tau them nrog cov kab nrig thaum lawv khaws thiab ceev nrawm dua. Yuav kom tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum ua tib zoo, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Gardeners feem ntau siv ib tug tshwj xeeb twj rau ib tug ntev ncej, yog li koj muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov heev loj hlob txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis muaj mob lawv. Txiav txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj kuaj, tshem tawm, pov tseg dhau mos muag lossis puas lawm. Lub transportability ntawm Kokinsky pears yog tsis nyuaj: lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muab tso rau hauv thawv, re-meem nrog soft sawdust thiab daim ntawv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo cia yog -1 ° C mus rau + 2 ° C.
Nthuav Hauv Suav teb, kev sib raug zoo tshwj xeeb rau pear: nws yog ib qho cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag. Tus kab npua phem yog xav ua kom tsoo lossis puas tsuaj rau ib tsob ntoo. Qhia cov txiv ntawm pear nrog ib tug neeg txhais tau tias los koom nrog tus neeg ntawd sai sai.
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no txias
Rau lub caij ntuj no, cov av ntawm lub cev lub voj voog ntawm Kokin pear yuav tsum tau them nrog mulch. Cov koog thiab ceg ntoo npog nrog mesh, nruj nreem. Cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings them nrog spruce nplooj, tiv thaiv bark los ntawm nas. Nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag mus txog tsib lub xyoos, lub qia yog kho nrog chalky daws, nyob rau hauv cov laus laus - nrog txiv qaub. Raws li mulch, mowed nyom yog siv, npog nws nrog humus los yog peat on to top.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntawm blanks rau lub caij ntuj no, yog li nws yog li nrov ntawm gardeners. Cov qhab nees tsis paub tseeb tias yuav tawm hauv lub caij ntuj no-tsis muaj zog thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau pear Kokinsky pollinators xav ntau yam Yakovlev, Nyiam, Bergamot Moscow.
