Tuam Tshoj yog suav hais tias yog qhov chaw yug pears, tam sim no tus huab tais saum ntuj ceeb tsheej tsim tawm ntau tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub pear tau paub rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, txij li thaum prehistoric lub sij hawm, tab sis nws niaj hnub saib yog lub ua hauj lwm ntawm breeders.
Pear yog mus rau genus Pirus tsev neeg ntawm liab, nws yog ornamental thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo thiab shrubs. Nws hlob, feem ntau nyob rau sab qaum teb hemisphere, nyob rau hauv nws sab qab teb thiab nruab nrab latitudes. Hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab, ntawm ib qho kev lag luam, nws yog zus nyob hauv Argentina.
Txog ntawm 60 hom pears paub, ntawm lawv feem ntau ntawm cov ntoo qus cog qoob loo. Lub pear poob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, los ntawm teb chaws Poland, thiab lub npe siv kom deb li deb, nyam, nyam.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws nws hlob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam thiab nyob rau hauv lub Far East, ntau yam tau tsim rau ib co thaj tsam ntawm Siberia. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ripening pear yog muab faib ua thaum ntxov, medium thiab lig ntau yam, feem ntau consumed pear lub caij ntuj sov, Autumn thiab lub caij ntuj no.
Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, qhov kev piav qhia thiab kev piav qhia ntawm pear ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm Yakovlev, cov lus teb ntawm tus neeg sib tw ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ywj pheej Isaev RD. thiab daim duab uas koj yuav pom tias lub pear zoo li cas thiab pom thaum twg ntau yam zoo ziag no.
Cov pears hais txog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv nco ntawm Yakovlev, qhov no yog ib tug Autumn pear ntau yam, tau los ntawm hla lub Tyoma hom nrog Fabkis Olivier de Serres.
Autumn pear ntau yam xws li: Tatiana, Talgar Beauty, Fairy Tale, Silent Don thiab Otradnenskaya.
Seedlings tau yooj yim yuav nyob rau hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam. Nws yog ib qho qhab nia qib siab nrog cov paj laum high yields thiab zoo scab tsis kam.
Muaj nyob rau hauv lub Xeev Sau npe rau Central, Central Black Lub Ntiaj Teb thiab Nruab Nrab Volga.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ib tug cwj pwm loj heev rau cultivation ntawm ntau yam tshiab ntawm pears nyob rau hauv Russia pib nrog ua hauj lwm ntawm Academician Michurin IV, ua ntej nws no ua lag luam yog nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm ib tug neeg nyiam.
Nyob rau hauv Michurin, qhov yug me nyuam ntawm ntau yam tshiab ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag tau txais lub xeev kev them nyiaj yug. P.N. Yakovlev nws tus menyuam, nrog nws lub npe yog txuam nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob peb ntau yam ntawm pears: "Favorite Yakovlev", "Autumn Yakovlev".
Nws pib ua hauj lwm ntawm yug me nyuam no ntau yam, nws tus tub tiav lawm, chaw pib lub npe. Pear Memory Yakovlev tau txais nyob rau hauv VNIIS lawv Michurin, zus tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws, ntxiv kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab yees duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev piav qhia ntau yam Memory Yakovlev
Tsob ntoo yog me me, loj hlob ceev ceev, ntawm medium tuab, nrog ib puag ncig crown, daim tawv txho. Lub ntsiab tua loj hlob mus rau hauv av. Tsob ntoo muab ntau tua, lawv yog cov ntawm medium tuab.
Raum conical, du, loj hauv lub hauv ncoo. Nplooj me me, ntsuab. Paj dawb, nyob rau hauv lub inflorescence ntawm 4-6 petals.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov nruab nrab, cov tiav lawm sawv daws yuav tshav ntuj hauv xim nrog me ntsis ntxiv ntawm txiv kab ntxwv. Pear muaj kua, qab zib, me me nplej.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov raw, lawv yog cov khoom raw zoo heev rau ua jam thiab compote, lawv tau yooj yim thauj.
Tsob Ntoo bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau 4th xyoo ntawm cog, nyob rau hauv 7 xyoo muab ib tug loj qoob loo. Txoj kev loj hlob me me ntawm cov ntoo ua rau nws muaj peev xwm cog lus cog qoob loo kom thiaj li tau txais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw me me.
Lub ib hlis ntuj, Yakovlevskaya, Chudesnitsa, Bere Russkaya thiab Tonkovetka yuav boast nrog high yields.
Pear Memory Yakovlev, ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov qauv uas koj yuav kawm tom qab hauv zaj lus, endures lub caij ntuj no, tsis tshua muaj kev khov. Qhov ntau yam hlob nyob rau hauv tej av, tab sis prefers loam nrog cov dej hauv av.
Diam duab
Cov duab ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb Yakovlev:
Yam ntxwv
Pear Memory Yakovlev tus kheej-infantile thiab skoroplodny ib tug ntau yam, nws yog nws tus kheej ib tug pollinator rau lwm cov vaj teb nroj tsuag, uas ripen nyob rau hauv Autumn, lub caij ntuj no Hardy, resistant rau scab thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muab ib tug zoo sau.
Nws tsis muaj qhov yuam kev loj.
XIM! Nyob rau hauv arid yug me me, qhov ntau yam xav tau kev ncua watering.
Saib cov yees duab nrog tus neeg sib tw xyuas C.-X. Sciences Isaev Roman Dmitrievich txog pear nco ntawm Yakovlev, ces koj yuav kawm txog yuav ua li cas kev cog thiab kev kho mob.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Saplings cog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg, thaum lub Plaub Hlis los yog Lub Kaum Hlis. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo koj yuav ua tau yam uas tsis muaj chiv, tab sis seedlings yuav tsum tau tau watered.
Yog hais tias tus seedlings yog cog nyob rau hauv av nplaum av, rau zoo kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ntxiv peat, dej xuab zeb los yog compost mus rau cov av.
TSEEM CEEB! Rau qhov tsaws lawv ua ib tug pit nrog ib tug tob ntawm 80-90 cm thiab ib tug ib voos ncig ntawm txog ib Meter. Koj tuaj yeem cog tsis tau cov paj noob hlis los yog pob kws, cov kab lis kev cai noj cov zaub no ntawm cov av.
Ntxiv pollinator rau pear Memory Yakovlev yog tsis xav tau, ntau yam yog self-fertile.
Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, koom nyob rau hauv trimming ntoo, tshem tawm ib co qub ceg thiab shorten qhov seem uas yog, ua nws txo cov kev loj hlob ntawm ntoo, dhau li pruning leads mus rau tsim ntawm tshiab buds. Tshem cov ceg ntoo nrog qub paj buds.
Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis, txau ntawm ntoo yog ua, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm pests, tus txheej txheem yuav nqa tawm ob zaug. Thawj lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm blooming ntawm buds, thib ob, thaum pib ntawm lub tsos ntawm lub paj. Npaj Inta-Vir, Strobe thiab Fury yuav tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag.
Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, cov nroj tsuag yog pub. Urea yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, mowing li zus nyom thiab watering, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog ib tug tsis muaj nag.
Lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, nws yog ntshaw kom whitewash lub trunks, thaum tau qhov txhab rau ntawm tsob ntoo them lawv nrog liab hlauQhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov pear los ntawm tus kab mob thiab kev pab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no txias.
Nyob rau hauv Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, cov av ib ncig ntawm lub txiv moj yuav tsum tau pub. Compost, txiv qaub, tshauv yog haum rau lub hom phiaj no.
Pear yuav ua tsaug rau kev saib xyuas.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Ntau Cim Yakovlev resistant mus rau feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm pear ntoo, ntxiv kev piav qhia
//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html Pears. Tus kab mob no ua rau muaj fungus, nws cuam tshuam rau tag nrho tsob ntoo.
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los txiav txim yog hais tias ib tsob ntoo mob, yog hais tias xim av me ntsis tshwm saum qee cov nplooj, nws yog ib qho xoos. Tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim vim huab cua txias.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawm tsam yog qhov kev tiv thaiv, kev txiav nyiaj, kev pub ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tau tuaj, ces lub ntsiab txoj kev ntawm ntaus spraying Bordeaux kua.
Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua ob peb zaug. Thawj spraying yog nqa tawm ua ntej qhov tsos ntawm nplooj, ob, tam sim ntawd tom qab lub abscission ntawm lub paj, tom qab ntawd peb lub lis piam.
XIM! Txau ntawm tsob ntoo, koj muaj peev xwm tsis hlawv cov nplooj saum cov ntoo. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tau tsim ib qho zoo heev, tom qab ntawd txau ua kom tiav rau rau lub sij hawm rau ib lub caij. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, tshuaj tsuag tsob ntoo nrog ammonium nitrate daws.
Kuj ua rau scab muaj Moscow Thaum Ntxov, Orlovskaya Kev Zoo Nkauj, Oryol Lub Caij Ntuj Sov, Elegant Efimova thiab Marble.
Dawb nplooj ntoos chaw. Tus kab mob no kuj yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib lub fungus, dawb los yog grey me ntsis raug tsim ntawm nplooj, lawv tig daj, ces poob. Kev kho mob nrog Bordeaux kua yuav pab tiv nrog tus kab mob. Tshuaj tsuag tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau ua ntej flowering, tom qab 12-14 hnub, rov ua.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Liab. Pathogens: Mushroom, Goose kab. Tus kab mob cuam tshuam lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, me ntsis ntawm drilling xim thawj zaug tshwm, lawv qhuav thiab poob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov tua tau thiab sib sib zog nqus faus rau hauv av, lawv kho nrog Bordeaux kua.
Kabmob dub Lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm fungus, nws tawg, darkens, ces tuag tawm, thiab tsob ntoo dries tawm.
Tsis tu ncua whitewash lub pob tw, kho nrog daws daws tawm ntawm scab, mob thaj chaw ntawm bark yog ntxuav nrog tooj liab sulphate, coated nrog vaj twawb.
Kab tsuag. Lub ntsiab ntawm Kab Txiv Ntoo pear yog aphid, ib kab me me uas kis cov nplooj thiab tua. Aphid nqus cov kua txiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Txau tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam, siv karbofos thiab kovikurt, siv tshuaj tsuag ob peb zaug. Koj tuaj yeem siv daws cov qij thiab dandelion, siv xab npum.
Pear sucker. Kab, lays qe nyob rau hauv lub bark thiab nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo. Tsob ntoo maj mam hlob, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen me me, lub saj yog poob. Txau ob peb zaug ib lub caij nrog xab npum los yog qej kua.
Pear mite Ib lub me kab lays qe nyob rau hauv lub bark thiab nplooj ntawm ib tsob ntoo, sucks lub nroj SAP, nws dries tawm. Yuav kom ua kom puas kab cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv cov tshuaj txhuam ntawm colloidal.
Pear moth. Kab, noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob, tshuaj tsuag lub Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm wormwood, thov kev daws ntawm biological npaj.
Pear Blossom Ib tug kab uas lays nws qe nyob rau hauv lub paj ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag, txau on nws nplooj thiab buds. Ua ntej flowering, tshuaj tsuag lub karbofos daws nrog ntxiv ntawm ib qho emulsion concentrate.
THAUM TXHAUM. Txau tuaj yeem nqa tawm kom thoob, ua rau kev kho tiv thaiv ntau hom kab tsuag thiab cov kab mob nroj tsuag.
Lwm tus yeeb ncuab ntawm tsob ntoo tuaj yeem ua tau nasNyob rau hauv kev tshawb ntawm cov khoom noj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, lawv gnaw lub keeb kwm ntawm ib tsob ntoo.
Hauv qab ntoo yog khi nrog ruberoid, spruce ceg, nws yuav ntshai tawm nas thiab tiv thaiv sunburns los ntawm hlawv cov cuab yeej.
Pear ntau Yakovlev lub cim xeeb, zoo li tag nrho cov pears, muaj medicinal thaj chaw, yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib, plab hnyuv kab mob, tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntsiab lus los ntawm lub cev.
Qhov no ntau yam hlob nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws thiab pleases gardeners nrog six thiab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Saib cov yees duab txog pear ntawm lub cim xeeb ntawm Yakovlev.
