Phalaenopsis orchids yog cov noob los ntawm cov noob ntau dua li lwm txoj hauv kev. Feem ntau, txoj kev no yog siv rau thaum nws tsim nyog kom ua tiav qhov tshiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau yam uas txawv hauv cov paj los paj.
Qhov no yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj qhov ua siab ntev. Tab sis noj li ib qho nyuaj ua hauj lwm, thaum kawg, lub nqi zog yuav tsis ntev ntev tuaj, lub sprouts ntawm lub tshiab txawv nroj tsuag yuav tshwm, thiab nyob rau hauv ib ob peb xyoos lub tsos nqaij daim tawv flowering yuav ua rau lub qhov muag.
Yuav ua li cas yog txoj kev ua qoob loo?
Kev tshaj tawm kev sib deev ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog ua los ntawm cog noob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev sib hloov ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces tshwm sim. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov ntawm cov niam txiv qhov ua tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev yug me nyuam, thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov cog tshiab ntawm tib hom nrog cov khoom tsim nyog. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov noob tshwm ntawm paj. Lub essence ntawm tau cov noob nrog lub embryo ntawm ib tug tshiab nroj tsuag yog fertilization ntawm ovum nrog cov phev ntawm pistil, resulting nyob rau hauv ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab ces ib tug noob tshwm los ntawm ovules.
Pros thiab cons
Noob tawm nplog yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj, nrog kev zoo thiab kev tsis zoo. Nws yuav tsum to taub hais tias cov orchids tsis muaj cov khoom muab kev pab cuam los yog cov ciaj cua. Lub peculiarity yog tias cov as-ham yog me me, thiab lawv nyob rau hauv lub cos.
Cov noob me me feem ntau tuag thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim tias lub noob tau sprouted, nws yog ntau zoo li ib tug tuber zoo li tsim los yog protocorm. Hauv kev txiav txim rau nws zoo li ib qho kev ywj pheej tshwj xeeb, uas yog, nws muaj peev xwm ua txhaum cov organic cov sib txuas mus ua cov zauv yooj yim, nws yuav tsum tau kis nrog tus kab mob fungus. Tab sis cov nroj tsuag tseem tuag tag nrho. Los yog vim hais tias lub orchid yog tsis muaj zog, thiab fungus yuav ua puas lub noob. Yog tias tus nroj tsuag lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv thiab nws tuaj yeem kis tsis tau.
Tshaj:
- Preservation nyob rau tom ntej cog ntawm chromosomes ntawm leej niam thiab leej txiv neeg.
- Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho uas ua tau resistant thiab huab cua resistant.
Txais:
- Thawj Bloom nyob rau hauv 4-5 xyoos.
- Pab kom muaj menyuam tsis taus loj thaum lub sij hawm cog qoob loo.
- Cov noob me me. Ntxiv mus, lawv raug cov kab mob microbial.
- Ib txoj hauv kev ua kom haum yog tsim nyog.
Qhov twg kom tau cov noob, thiab nqi ntau npaum li cas?
Paj noob tau yuav ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj los yog txiav txim los ntawm ib lub khw hauv online. Ib txoj kev nyuab tshaj yog kom tau cov noob ntawm koj cov noob qoob loo.tsim rau phalaenopsis orchid. Tus nqi kwv yees li ntawm Moscow yog kwv yees li 400 rubles, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg - 300 rubles.
Diam duab zoo li cas?
Orchid noob yog cov me me, ntau dua li hmoov av. Thaum lub sij hawm lub caij lawv tau siav mus rau ib lab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb teev hais tias lawv yog cov neeg phem heev.
Pom li cas lub paj noob saib hauv daim duab:
Yuav ua li cas kom tau tawm ntawm paj hauv tsev?
Yuav kom tau txais cov noob tom tsev koj yuav tsum tau pollination. Koj yuav tsum muaj tus pas txhuam hniav thiab ob lub paj. Yuav kom nqa tawm pollination yuav hla (los ntawm ib qho orchide mus rau lwm tus) los yog nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev ncaj qha rau ib tsob nroj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tag nrho cov paj tsuas yog sab saum toj yuav tsum tev tawm.
- Xav tau siv cov paj saum toj kawg nkaus.
- Tus pas txhuam hniav yog ib qho yooj yim tshem tawm cov khau raj. Ua li no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau me ntsis pry lub khau raj hauv qab, vim nws cov txheej nplaum (nplaum), nws yuav lo rau tus pas txhuam hniav thiab txav ntawm lub paj.
- Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau muab lub khau raj ntawm cov teev. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv lwm tus pas luam yeeb los yog kab caws pliav.
- Lub khau raj ntxuav yuav tsum txuas nrog lub nplaum ntawm khau raj ntawm lwm lub paj.
Yog hais tias txhua yam yog ua kom raug, ces tom qab 3-8 lub hlis lub noob pods yuav tsum tau paub tab. Kwv yees li ntawm peb lub hlis, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab ib lub hnab rau ntawm lub thawv noob, lwm yam, thaum tawg, tag nrho cov noob yuav scatter. Npuag rau lub hnab koj yuav tsum tau xaiv txog breathable. Ua ntej siv lub hnab yuav tsum tau hau.
Lub sijhawm zoo thaum tsaws
Koj tuaj yeem cog tau phalaenopsis txhua lub sijhawm xyoo, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los muab kev pabcuam rau nws. Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Thaum lub sijhawm no, tag nrho cov dejnum zoo rau lub neej zoo nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Muaj peev xwm thiab av xaiv?
Cov noob nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau sown on agar-based nutrient media, vim hais tias lawv tsis muaj cov as-ham, lub embryo yog zoo heev txo. Rau cog noob:
- ntug dej los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov neeg poob qab, kaw nrog lub hau roj;
- kuaj plab;
- iav flasks;
- cov kaus poom nrog lub hau kaw.
Thaum siv cov kaus poom uas muaj hau ntswj, nco ntsoov ua qhov nyob rau hauv lub kaus mom. Lawv yuav tsum nkag mus rau ib qho me me ntawm lub khob raj. Muab paj rwb rau hauv nws. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom cua nkag tau rau hauv lub hwj, thiab cov paj rwb yuav ua rau kev tiv thaiv plua plav thiab cov kab mob.
Cov kauj ruam ntawm cov kauj ruam qhia: yuav ua li cas cog qoob loo?
Xav seb yuav ua li cas cog ib lub paj nrog cov noob tom tsev.
Npaj
Yuav kom sow orchid noob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsim ib tug nruab nrab nutrient. Nws tuaj yeem muas tau tom khw los yog ua noj koj tus kheej. Rau ib qho 200-grams cov kaus poom koj yuav tsum tau:
- Dej Distilled - 100-15 0ml.
- Fertilizer rau orchids - 2-3 gr.
- Qab Zib - 1 gr.
- Zib ntab - 1g.
- Agar-Agar - 3-4 gr. Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov qos yaj ywm los yog pob kws nplej pob (20 grams.).
- Activated carbon - ¼ ntsiav tshuaj.
- Puree ntsuab tsawb - 5-7 gr.
- Cov activated carbon, txiv tsawb yuav tsum tau zom hauv rab hlau.
- Ntxiv qab zib kom dej, kom ncu npau thiab sib tov tag nrho cov khoom xyaw nrog cov kua qab.
- Tom qab tos kom thickening, tshem tawm cov sib tov ntawm lub qhov cub.
Kom tsis tu ncua thiab txeej ntawm qhov nruab nrab
Nutrient medium yog poured rau hauv jars. Nws muab cia hauv lub tub yees rau ob peb lub lis piam. Nco ntsoov thawv rau cog yuav tsum tau sterilized. Ua li no, muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub lauj kaub nrog dej thiab boil rau li 30 feeb tom qab ua haujlwm. Yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj kom tsis txhob muaj 2 zaug.
Disinfection ntawm cov khoom cog
Ua ntej sowing lub noob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau disinfect. Piv txwv, ntub lawv nyob hauv qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv antiseptic. Pom zoo kom sowing noob thawv ua ntej dipping nyob rau hauv kev haus cawv cawv thiab teem nws on hluav taws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub thawv ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav.
Txiav nws nrog ib tug sterile riam thiab ncuav nws mus rau hauv sterile agar jars.
Sowing
Rau sterile sowing nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lub burner. Ua li no, koj ob txhais tes yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm tshuaj tiv thaiv los yog siv cov hnab looj tes tsis huv. Tom qab ntxuav thiab sterilizing lub saum npoo ntawm lub phaj, lub bank yog muab tso rau nws. Lub kub hnyiab yuav tsum tau taws.
- Tau cov noob tawm ntawm lub thawv noob. Ua qhov no nrog ib yam twj paj nruas.
- Lub caj dab ntawm lub thawv yog pom zoo los tuav cov hluav taws.
- Ncuav lub noob nyob rau hauv ib lub hub.
- Rov tuav lub caj dab ntawm lub thawv tshaj qhov hluav taws kub, kaw lub hau.
Nws muaj thib ob hom ntawm sowing noob.
- Ua li no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav ua rau qhov nkaum hauv npog thiab kaw lawv nrog scotch kab xev.
- Thaum siv hom no, cov noob yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv 3 feem pua ntawm hydrogen peroxide.
- Ncuav qhov sib tov rau hauv lub syringe thiab ncuav nws mus rau hauv lub thawv los ntawm lub qhov.
- Tom qab sowing, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov noob germination.
- Yog hais tias pwm nyob rau hauv lub thawv, qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab nrog cov noob los ntawm nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Thawj tua yuav tshwm nyob rau hauv 1-2 lub hlis.
Thawj zaug haus dej
Ua ntej cog cov nroj tsuag me me rau hauv cov av rau cov orchids, lawv tsis tas yuav tsum tau watered. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau tsuag cov tshuaj tsuag nrog dej muag hauv qhov chaw sov. Lub substrate yuav tsum me ntsis ntub.
Ntxiv kev saib xyuas
- Teeb pom kev zoo Faib lub teeb nyiam. Ib hnub ci ntsa iab yam tsawg kawg 12 teev.
- Kub Qhov kub uas yuav tsum muaj rau kev loj hlob yog 20-23 degrees. Tom qab txog ib xyoos, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum tau muab coj mus ua av rau hauv av, uas muaj tis coniferous bark, sphagnum moss, rhizomes ntawm fern nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1: 1.
Loj hlob ib lub orchid los ntawm cov noob ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau. Nrog coped nrog lawv, koj muaj peev xwm saib rau ntau xyoo lub zoo nkauj flowering ntawm tshiab zoo nkauj nroj.
