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Grey rot

Yuav ua li cas nrog tus kab mob BlackBerry

Lub ntuj tsim ntawm blackberries, bushes nrog curled pos thiab delicious dub berries yog dav - qhov no yog North America thiab Eurasia. Qhov feem ntau active yug me nyuam ua hauj lwm nyob rau cultivation ntawm vaj teb ntau yam ntawm BlackBerry tau ua txij li thaum lub thib kaum cuaj caug xyoo nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States (ntau tshaj 300 ntau yam tau raug bred). Cov muaj koob meej ntawm no Berry nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog loj hlob - ib tug nce tus naj npawb ntawm gardeners yog pib mus rau siab lub BlackBerry rau nws:

  • qab zib thiab qab ntxiag;
  • tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus zoo;
  • siab yield;
  • unpretentiousness thiab yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas;
  • qaug zog kab mob tsis zoo.

Unpretentiousness, txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tau lees tias 100% tias tsob nroj tsis muaj mob. Vim li ntawd, tus gardener yuav poob tsis tsuas yog cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj poob lub nroj tsuag nws tus kheej. Blackberries yog ib tug txheeb ze ze ntawm raspberry (ob qho tag nrho cov nroj tsuag muaj rau tsev neeg ntawm "liab" thiab lub genus Rubus) - yog li ntawd, BlackBerry thiab raspberry pests thiab kab mob yog ntau.

Koj puas paub? Lub legends ntawm ancient Greece, hais lus ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm BlackBerry, qhia li cas cov titans nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov tswv ntuj los lawv cov ntshav, thiab txhua txhua poob mus ua ib tug BlackBerry Berry. Ancient Greek kws kho mob thiab botanist Dioscorides nyob rau hauv 1. Twb tau pom zoo kom blackberry nplooj decoction rau tus neeg mob raws li ib tug lam tshuaj. Hauv Lavxias, lo lus "blackberry" paub los ntawm lub xyoo pua paub. thiab txhais tau tias "hedgehog-berries" - vim yog ntawm stems nrog curved rov qab spines.

Blackberry Noncommunicable Disease: Cov Cim Qhia thiab Kev Kho Mob

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev tuaj yeem ua rau tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob uas hu ua non-kis. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov kab mob los ntawm qhov tsis muaj los yog ntau heev ntawm ib txoj kab kab. Cov teeb meem feem ntau yog txuam nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab hauv qab no:

  • hlau Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsis txaus, lub nplooj pib hloov lawv cov xim unevenly rau ci daj. Berries qhuav. Nws yog ua tau los pab los ntawm qhia mus rau hauv cov av chelates ntawm hlau, ferrous sulfates, ferrous sulfate. Cov cim tib yam tuaj yeem pom nrog ntau tshaj ntawm cov hlau;

  • poov tshuaj. Nrog nws tsis muaj ib tug reddish-xim av tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm nplooj. Cov nplooj ua nplhaib, curly tshwm. Berries, yam uas tsis tau ripening, qhuav li. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv 70 grams ntawm poov tshuaj rau ib 1 square meter thaum cog. m thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub caij - lwm 12 g.Tab sis yog hais tias muaj ntau ntawm cov poov tshuaj - lub nplooj ua lighter, poob tawm;

  • nitrogen. Nplooj nplooj ntoos rau tsis muaj tshwm sim yog tsau, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua loj hlob weakly, fruiting nres, lub nplooj ua lub teeb nyob rau hauv cov xim. Nrog rau cov paib no, cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob blackberry yog kho nrog cov potassium-sodium-nitrogen complex (nrog rau lub hwj chim ntawm nitrogen). Thaum twg muaj ntau nitrogen, lub BlackBerry bush qhia tau hais tias tsis muaj zog txoj kev loj hlob, brownish me ntsis tshwm rau ntawm cov nplooj ntawm cov npoo, tawm curl thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, thiab lub caij ntuj no kuj tuaj yeem txo;

  • bor. Thaum twg nws tsis muaj, cov nplooj los ua me dua, ib feem ntawm cov tawv nqaij, cov tho thiab poob tawm (los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub caij, lub tswv yim ntawm tua tau tag nrho liab qab, lub apical Bud tuag taus), cov nroj tsuag tsis Bloom zoo, thiab berries tsis siav. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv boric acid (txog li 2 g ib 1 sq. M). Boron ntau heev yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Burns ntawm nplooj (raws cov sawv), lawv twisting;

  • calcium. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm calcium tsis muaj peev xwm, lub apical Bud dries tawm, tshiab tua tig daj (lub xeem xyoo ntsuab), kev loj hlob ntawm cov keeb kwm slows down. Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm superphosphate thiab organic teeb meem mus rau hauv cov av pab;

  • magnesium. Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis txaus - cov nplooj ua liab, los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub caij lawv poob, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ceg qeeb hauv kev loj hlob. Rau kev tiv thaiv - enrich cov av nrog dolomite hmoov, magnesium sulfate (txog 60 g ib 1 sq. M.), Tshauv. Kev magnesium ntau heev ua rau kom tsaus ntuj, ntsws thiab tuag tawm (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tshav kub).

  • manganese Nws disadvantage muab cov tub ntxhais hluas tawm ib tug qauv daj-ntsuab qauv, nplooj pib poob tawm. Qhov nruab nrab tshuaj ntawm manganese yog 3-5 g ib 1 sq. Km. m;

  • tooj liab. Qhov tsis muaj tooj yog manifested nyob rau hauv dawb lub tswv yim ntawm nplooj, uas ces wither thiab qhuav, kev loj hlob ntawm lub tua slows down, lub buds tuag, thiab Frost kuj nce qib. Tooj yuav zoo dua kom muab tso rau hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tawv chiv nrog kab tuav;

  • zinc. Nws qhov tsis txaus yuav qhia los ntawm yellowing saum, me me, nqaim thiab asymmetrical nplooj (nrog ib tug bronze tint), lub berries tsis siav. Zinc ntau heev ua rau yellowing thiab subsidence ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj. Qub cov leeg liab redden thiab blacken, apical buds caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev pom kev mob ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis kis kab mob, thawj zaug, yog qhov sib thooj ntawm cov tsos mob nrog lwm cov kab mob (fungal los yog viral), ob zaug, cov tsos mob yuav coincide nrog ib tug tshaj thiab nrog tsis muaj tib microelement.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tawm rau ib tug gardener thaum cog yog kom zoo zoo ntxiv organic teeb meem, alternate nrog xyoo ntawm tiav fertilizer, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav siv ib tug nitrogen-phosphorus-poov tshuaj complex nrog ntxiv ntawm boron, manganese, lwm yam zoo li

Kab mob kab mob, ntsuas mus rau lawv

Blackberry rhiab heev rau kab mob kab mob. Kab mob kab mob Blackberry ua rau lub hauv paus puas tsuaj - cov kab mob cancer hauv paus (Agrobacterium tumefaciens). Pathogens penetrate cov nroj tsuag ntawm ntuj qhov thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws kev puas tsuaj.

Cancer

Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kab mob cancer hauv paus, neoplasms tshwm rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav ntawm qhov cov nroj tsuag (ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev tua) ntawm 0.5 hli mus rau 5 cm inch. Cov neoplasms muaj ib lub thawv, pib ntsuab, tom qab dub xim av los yog dub saum npoo, ib lub teeb ntawm lub teeb thiab ib txoj kev ntxhib los mos. Tus kab mob cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag tsis zoo:

  • kev loj hlob ntawm tua yog inhibited;
  • qhov loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag txo, cov nplooj tig daj, thiab cov berries qhuav thiab me me;
  • yield poob zuj zus;
  • drought thiab Frost kuj yuav txo tau.

Tsis pub dhau 1-2 xyoo, neoplasms lwj thiab kis rau cov av. Maj mam, tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub site tau mob. Thaum hloov mus rau ib seem tshiab ntawm cov khoom cog, tus kab mob kuj kis tau zoo li (cov hlav me ntsis yuav tsis pom qhov muag).

Kev khomob cancer tsis kho Agrobacterium radiobacter raws li kev npaj (Tsom iav los yog Nogall) yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj kab mob.

Cov kev pab muaj xws li:

  • thaum transplanting, khawb, fertilizing, nco ntsoov tias lub BlackBerry lub hauv paus system tsis txom nyem los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua teb;
  • tsis cog qoob loo hauv ib qho chaw rau ntau tshaj 7 xyoo;
  • tsis tau herbicides ntawm lub BlackBerry - Burns yuav ua pathogenic foci;
  • rov qab mus rau qub chaw tsis pub tsawg dua 4 xyoos tom qab;
  • thaum xaus ntawm lub caij, txiav tawm qhov puas thiab noob-kev coj tus kheej stems, hlawv lawv (tsis txhob hemp!);
  • txau blackberry Bordeaux kua, "Abiga-Peak", "Oxyhom."

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kab kawm nyob rau hauv cov av yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv raws li hom tsiaj - ntau nitrogen rau creeping ntau yam; poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus - rau ntseg.

Viral kab mob: pom thiab kho

Cov kab mob ua rau cov kab mob phem tshaj plaws rau lub vaj tsev dub - cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau tsim cov kev kho kom zoo. Lub ntsiab tiv thaiv txoj kev yog siv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv seedlings, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tsiaj qus blackberry nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm 20 m los ntawm lub vaj; ua raws li kev cai agrotechnical.

Curly

Curly - ib tug kab mob infrequent, tab sis loj heev. Mob ntau dua 2-xyoo-laus nroj tsuag. Lub ntsiab ntawm curliness:

  • kev loj hlob ruam;
  • nplua ntsuab xim xim ntawm cov nplooj, lawv hardness thiab wrinkling;
  • qhov sawv ntawm nplooj yog bent rau hauv qab, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub caij - necrosis ntawm veins;
  • Cov paj yog deformed thiab tsis pollinated.

Yog tsis muaj kev kho - pom cov nroj tsuag muaj kab mob lawm.

Mosaic

Blackberry cuam tshuam nplooj muaj chaotic yellowish me ntsis. Maj mam, lawv tau convex, daim hlau plates yog deformed. Tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm kab tsuag (aphids, cicadas) los yog los ntawm cov khoom cog. Mosaic kab mob yog phem heev vim hais tias Frost tsis kam ntawm shrub yog txo, lub diseased nroj tsuag yuav tsis ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub mosaic inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thinning lub vines, txo cov tawm los.

Txhais tau tias yuav tiv thaiv mosaic tsis muaj nyob. Kev tiv thaiv yog siv feem ntau:

  • cog kev cog qoob loo;
  • ntxuav tu ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab mob kis thiab kab tsuag.

Koj puas paub? Blackberry berries nyob rau hauv biochemical nyob txua ze ze ntawm raspberries, tab sis muaj tsawg dua acidity. Blackberry berries yog dub, xim liab thiab daj. Lub berries yog torn tawm nrog paj-txaj, lawv khaws lawv cov duab rau ib lub sij hawm ntev thiab tsis crumple. Yuav khaws cia ntawm zero kub.

Yellow mesh

Lub ntsiab distributors ntawm tus kab mob no yog aphids. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob coincide nrog cov tsos mob ntawm reticular chlorosis:

  • yellowing ntawm nplooj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug neeg me ntsis (streaks yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ntsuab);
  • nce chlorosis;
  • nres qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tua.

Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob, tsuas yog tiv thaiv kev ntsuas (qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm aphids thiab diseased nroj tsuag).

Blackberry fungal kab mob, txoj kev mus nrog lawv

Blackberry fungal disease yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov teeb meem ntawm blackberry growers (80% ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob). Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm fungi uas txeem los ntawm stomata, puas (nqaij thiab khawb) ntawm keeb kwm, tua, stems. Kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua teb, cua, nag.

Anthracnose

Qhov tawg ntawm peb cov latitudes tshwm sim nws tus kheej thaum pib ntawm lub caij. Ua los ntawm spores ntawm fungus Gloeosporium venetum Speg (tshaj noo noo yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau txaus siab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob - rainy lub caij ntuj sov, ntau watering). Qhov feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob:

  • nplooj - cov pob txha loj hlob thiab tob zuj zus raws li cov leeg tseem ceeb, ib qho ntshav liab tshwm (3 hli);
  • berries - ulcers ntawm grey xim, deformed daim ntawv, qhuav thiab poob ntsuab;
  • tua (tsawg zaus) - liab doog on paus paus, ziab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo twigs.

Blackberry anthracnose yog incurable - nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus hlawv lub diseased nroj tsuag nrog nws cov keeb kwm. Hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej, tsuas yog cov zaub cog hauv qhov chaw no.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua chiv yog thov mus rau av, sanitary tu yog nqa tawm. Yog pom muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nrog kev kho mob (nrog rau lub paj, thaum cov yub no ncav 30-35 cm thiab thaum xaus ntawm lub caij) - 5% tooj liab (los yog iron) vitriol, Fundazole, Bardo Blue, etc.

Dawb nqaij (septoriosis)

Blackberry septoriosis yog ib tus kab mob heev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov rainy). Tus neeg saib xyuas neeg mob yog tus fungal tua Septori Rubi West. Tus kab mob yog tas thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no. Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, 2-xyoo tua raug cuam tshuam, tom qab - ib-xyoo tua. Ntawm cov cim qhia yog:

  • puag ncig daj ntseg me ntsis nrog ib tug nyias npoo;
  • cov xim dub lossis xim dub dub - pycnidia;
  • tom qab lub phiajcim ntawm cov me ntsis, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cheeb tsam ntawm nplooj ntoos yog pov tseg, mucus tshwm, lub berries rot.

Cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog inhibited, lub yield tee ntse. Txoj kev kho no tsis zoo. Cov kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yog tib yam li anthracnose.

Ntshav Pob Zeb (Didimella)

Ntshav spotting ntawm nplooj on ib BlackBerry txo feem ntau cov tub ntxhais hluas buds, offspring thiab petioles (nplooj yog cuam tshuam tsawg kawg ntawm tag nrho cov). Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog lub fungal spores ntawm Didymella applanata Sacc. Tus kab mob no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev muaj zog noo thiab thickened plantings. Cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob muaj xws li:

  • ziab ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov paj ntoo;
  • necrotic tsaus me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, foliage;
  • liab plots ntawm qhov qia (pib nyob rau hauv qis thiab sab saud);
  • txom nyem flowering thiab tsis muaj ovaries.

Lub sib ntaus tawm tsam tus kab mob yog ib txwm - Txau 2% Bordeaux sib tov.

Cov kev tiv thaiv:

  • ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev ua ub ua no;
  • sib ntaus sib tua thiab tswj kev huv;
  • caij nplooj ntoo hlav tuaj.

Grey Rot (Botrytis)

Tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm fungus Botyrtis cinerea Pers. Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim twb thaum lub sij hawm flowering. Grey rot tuaj tawm tsam tag nrho cov saum toj no-av qhov chaw ntawm BlackBerry, tab sis cov berries feem ntau raug kev txom nyem - lawv poob lawv qab, saj, thiab yog them nrog ib grey fluffy Bloom. Thaum twg humidity nce, BlackBerry berries rot, thiab nyob rau hauv tsawg mummification.

Nrog swb ntawm tua - lawv kuj them nrog ib tug grey Bloom. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg kub, cov pob txha dub (sclerotia) raug tsim; thaum lub caij ntuj no, mob tua tuag, sclerotia poob mus rau hauv av thiab yuav muaj rau ob peb xyoo, sawv cev rau ib qho kev txaus ntshai tsis tsuas yog rau blackberries, tab sis kuj raspberries, currants, strawberries.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob feem ntau siv fungicides nrog iprodinone (Rovral Aquaflo) tov nrog Captan. Tom qab 2 daim ntawv thov sib law liag lawm, nws yuav tsum tau hloov nrog lwm cov tshuaj hu ua fungicides, piv txwv li, raws li cov tshuaj hu ua Fenhexamide (Teldor preparation), cov tshuaj fungicides (muaj pyraclostrobin thiab boscalid).

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm grey puab - Botyrtis cinerea Pers sai sai tsim tsis kam mus rau fungicides, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau lwm cov kev npaj ntawm cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev txiav txim thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg.

Xeb

Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob fungal yog Phragmidium Txuas. Lub npe ntawm tus kab mob tau txais los ntawm fungal spores ntawm txiv kab ntxwv, daj xim, uas yog them nrog me ntsis ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov mus rau lig Autumn:

  • pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov - me me txiv kab ntxwv me me tshwm rau ntawm nplooj thiab stems - spermogon thiab tsim ntawm spermacies pib. Tom qab ntawd, convex point pad (etzii) tshwm. Disputes ntawm aetias nrog cua thiab dej kis tau cov nplooj zoo noj qab nyob zoo;
  • nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov yog qhov teeb meem tshaj plaws: xeb tshwm rau hauv qis nplooj raws li xim av daj (urediniopustul), nyob rau hauv uas ob peb tiam ntawm spores tsim. Cov kab mob no rov kis tus kab mob;
  • kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov - Autumn: dub ncoo yog tsim rau ntawm nplooj - teliopustula nrog spores npaj txhij rau wintering on nplooj poob.

Lub mycelium yog heev resistant rau huab cua txias, thiab nrog poob tawm nws lub caij ntuj no zoo.

Sib ntaus xeb xam nrog tu cov nplooj poob, tim dej, kev tshuaj ntsuam nrog cov kev tshem tawm lossis cov ceg tawv tsis muaj zog, mulching nrog humus nrog antifungal microorganisms. Gardeners yog qhia kom tsuag blackberries nrog qej Extract ntawm thawj kos npe ntawm ib tus kab mob xeb.

Phyllosticosis

Kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov kis tau los ntawm cov av, cua los yog dej. Tus kab mob no pib pom nws tus kheej ua me ntsis. Cov pob qis txawv nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus kab mob ntawm tus kab mob:

  • nws cov loj loj, cov duab tsis zoo, xim av xim daj nrog cov xim liab thiab tawg pom tias tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm fungal spores ntawm Phyllosticta fuscozanata Thum;
  • Cov pob dawb me dawb - Phyllosticta ruborum Sacc fungus.

    Qhov txhab yog npog nrog cov dots dub - cov no yog pycnidia nrog cov kaus hniav. Cov nplooj poob, txo blackberry tsim tau, nws endurance.

Gardeners tau qhia kom tsuag cov kab mob me me ntawm cov pob tawb nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav tes (300 g) thiab tooj liab sulfate (30 g) rau 10 liters ntawm dej. Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas - ntxuav ntawm nplooj poob.

Koj puas paub? Blackberries feem ntau yog jokingly hu ua "poj niam" berries. Nws muaj coob tus phytoestrogens, muaj ntau yam zoo xws li poj niam txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones - pab nrog cev xeeb tub. Thaum cev xeeb tub, cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv kev noj haus thiaj li txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qaub ncaug, tom qab yug me nyuam - ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, ua rau cov neeg raug mob sai. Antioxidants qeeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus, tsim ntawm wrinkles.
Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov saum toj no, BlackBerry yog ib tsob nroj unpretentious, me ntsis nws tus kab mob. Yog hais tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, berries yuav zoo siab koj rau ntau xyoo.

Nthuav Cov Khoom