Cov lus yooj yim hais txog technology ntawm kev tsim cov qab zib los ntawm qab zib beet, xws li tom tsev

Tau qab zib los ntawm qab zib beet nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas thiab tom tsev. Dispel ntau hom misconception. Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias cane qab zib yog ib yam, thiab beet qab zib yog lwm.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm pas nrig thiab beet qab zib. Refined refined qab zib yog hom sucrose, txawm nws keeb kwm.

Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia meej txog seb cov piam thaj hauv lub lag luam ua li cas, ntau npaum li cas tau txais los ntawm 1 tuj ntawm beets, thiab seb yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim ib yam khoom hauv tsev.

Yuav ua li cas ntau yam ntawm paus zaub ua ib qho khoom qab zib?

Beets paub cov neeg rau ib lub sij hawm ntev - thawj mentions ntawm no zaub kab lis kev cai rov mus rau lub xyoo ob xyoo BC. Txij thaum ntawd los, breeders tshwm sim ntau ntawm nws ntau yam. Muaj ib co lawv leafy cov ntaub ntawv, piv txwv li - chard, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov paus zaub.

Niaj hnub ntau yam thiab hybrids ntawm qab zib beet muaj txog li 18% qab zib. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws - Crystal, Manege, Nesvizhsky, thiab lwm yam. Yuav ua li cas raws nraim qab zib yog muab rho tawm los ntawm lawv - peb yuav qhia ntxiv.

Tshuab thiab khoom siv hauv cov khoom ua muaj suab thaj

Cia peb piav me ntsis piav qhia li cas, raws li cov hauv paus zaub qoob loo, qab zib yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb (paub ua li cas qab zib beet yog siv thiab dab tsi yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm nws ua, ntawm no). Ntau ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav siv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ntau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

1. Npaj theem (tu thiab ntxuav kab). Nyob rau hauv beets, coj ncaj qha los ntawm lub field los los ntawm lub tsev khoom siv, pob zeb, tawg, pieces ntawm hlau tau ntes tau. Qhov no yog txaus ntshai rau cov khoom siv. Beets yuav tsuas yog qias neeg.

   Yuav kom tsis txhob poob qab zib thaum ntxuav, dej kub yog tswj - nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 18 degrees. Tom qab ntxuav, lub beets yog rinsed nrog chlorinated dej ntawm tus nqi ntawm 10-15 kg ntawm tshuaj dawb rau ib 100 tons ntawm beets. Tom qab ntawd lub beets yog pab nyob rau hauv conveyor. Muaj nws yog tshuab nrog ib lub zog dav hlau. Qhov no tshem tawm cov dej ntxiv thiab adhering lub teeb impurities.

   Khoom siv:

   • hydrotransporters (ib txhij nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm beet yog ntxuav los ntawm av);
   • xuab zeb traps, pob zeb traps, bot-traps;
   • dej ntxiab;
   • ntxhua khaub ncaws.
2. Shredding. Lawv ua li cas? Npaj qab zib beets yog weighed thiab pub rau hauv cia cia. Los ntawm no nws tuaj nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej qhov hnyav rau kev sib tsoo rau centrifugal, nruas los yog disc beet cutters. Lub dav ntawm lub resulting chips yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 4-6, thiab tuab - 1.2-1.5 millimeters.

   Khoom siv:

   • conveyor nrog sib nqus sib cais;
   • beet cutter;
   • teev;
3. Diffusion. On diffusion nroj tsuag, lub ntsiab txheej txheem tshwm sim - leaching suab thaj los ntawm cov khoom hauv av. Tej daim tawv nyias kuj raug kho nrog dej kub thiab muab cov suab thaj thiab lwm cov tshuaj yaj yeeb tov. Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim thaum kub txog 70-80 degrees hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj zog.

   Qhov nruab nrab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv suab thaj yog lub nruab nrab ntawm fertile rau kev loj hlob ntawm microorganisms. Qhov no ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom, thiab rau ntau yam kev phem - piv txwv, tau tawg. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm diffusion, formalin daws yog periodically ntxiv rau lub apparatus.

   Qhov kawg concentration ntawm nws tsawg - 0.02% ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm cov khoom, tab sis txaus rau suppress lub active microflora. Cov khoom uas tau txais nyob rau ntawm theem no yog diffusion kua txiv. Nws yog ib qho kua ntxhuav uas ua kom tsaus nti nyob saum huab cua. Nws muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm pulp.

   Lub pulp yog cais ntawm lub taub hau masses. Qhov thib ob cov khoom yog beet pulp. Nws yog nias thiab xa ncaj ncaj rau tsiaj txhu pub los yog qhuav.

   Khoom siv:

   • diffusion installation (ntsia hlau los yog teb);
   • tshuab luam yeeb
4. Purification ntawm Diffusion kua txiv. Kua txiv, uas yog tau txais tom qab diffusion, yog ib qho sib tov ntawm ntau yam ntawm soluble organic tshuaj ntawm feem ntau cov xwm. Yuav kom tshem tau cov kua txiv ntawm cov impurities, cov txheej txheem ntawm defecation yog nqa tawm.

   Tus txheej txheem nrog lub npe no tsis yog ua kom tiav nyob hauv ob theem. Nws los txog ua cov kua txiv nrog cov kua qaub (kua txiv mis). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev daws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no nce mus txog pH ntawm 12.2 - 12.4, uas yog, cov tshuaj ua alkaline.

   Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm organic acids yog neutralized, proteins precipitate. Lwm cov khoom tsis raug cai kuj tseem ceeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim no sai sai, los yog raug tshem tawm nyob rau theem tom ntej - cov theem ntawm qhov tsis haum. Lub sij hawm "carbonation" yog hais txog txoj kev paub zoo txog "carbonation", uas yog, ntawm kev sib tov nrog carbon dioxide. Qhov no ua rau raug ncua ntawm calcium carbonate (pa chos), uas absorbs coloring impurities.

   Tom qab ntawd kev daws yog lim thiab dua saturized. Ua ntej no, yog tias tsim nyog, qee zaus yuav rov qab ua dua defecation. Tom ntej no, qhov tshwm sim meej, tab sis tseem yog xim dawb los kho nrog sulfur dioxide (sulfur dioxide). Txoj kev no yog hu ua sulfitization. Qhov no txo ​​cov alkaline cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kua thiab nws qhov kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Syrup viscosity kuj txo.

   Khoom siv:

   • defecation apparatus;
   • lim nrog cua sov;
   • saturator;
   • sulfitator;
   • sump
5. Thickening thiab crystallization. Cov kua txiv tau tom qab dej sulfitation yog ib qho kev sib xyaw kom tsis muaj kev sib xyaw sucrose. Yog hais tias koj ua kom cov kua tshuaj rau lub xeev ntawd, ces tom qab ntawd, raws li tau paub los ntawm tsev kawm hauv physics, txoj kev txheej txheem crystallization yuav pib.

   Lub pob zeb ua kom nrov yuav ua kom sai. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim hauv cov tshuab nqus tsev. Muaj, kev daws, ua ntej evaporated mus rau ib lub xeev ze rau saturated, pib rau boil nyob rau hauv txo siab, thiab thickens rau ib lub xeev supersaturated. Tus txheej txheem ntawm huab hwm coj crystallization pib.

   Cov ntxhuav ntawm cov nplaum muaj ntau qhov sib cais hauv cov centrifuges thiab muab coj los ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev ua tiav. Lawv muaj clarified thiab tig mus rau hauv cov paub zoo, zoo-paub, granulated qab zib.

   Khoom siv:

   • nqus khoom hluav taws xob;
   • centrifuge;
   • Chav tsev evaporator nrog lub hub.

Cov tawm los ntawm suab thaj los ntawm 1 tuj ntawm paus zaub tom qab kev ua yog kwv yees li 100-150 kg. Cov kis ntawm cov ntsuas no tsis yog tsawg kawg ntawm kev siv cov tsiaj qoob cog qoob loo thiab cov huab cua puag hauv xyoo tam sim no (ntau txog qhov twg lub beets loj hlob, yam kev nyab xeeb thiab cov av "hlub", nyeem ntawm no).

Fabkis kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom ua tau zoo yog cov coefficient ntawm extraction ntawm qab zib. Nws qhia qhov ratio ntawm qhov loj ntawm sucrose nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm khoom (granulated qab zib) mus rau loj ntawm sucrose nyob rau hauv lub feedstock. Feem ntau nws yog kwv yees li 80%.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau cov khoom hauv tsev?

Peb hais tam sim ntawd hais tias nws tsis pom zoo rau noj cov piam thaj ua kom zoo li qub tom tsev. Tab sis qab zib syrup yog yooj yim los npaj. Nws yuav yog ib yam khoom ntuj tsim, ua los ntawm txhais tes. Khoom siv rau qhov sib foob no tsis yooj yim.

Yuav tsum tau:

• tej yam muaj suab thaj qab zib;
• enamelware (tais, poom);
• nqaij liam, riam, ntoo nta;
• gauze lossis lwm daim ntaub lim.

Yuav ua li cas ua homemade qab zib:

1. Beets mus txheeb, ntxuav los ntawm keeb kwm thiab spoiled cheeb tsam. Tsis txhob tawv nqaij!
2. Yaug.
3. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, muab tso rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub ntawm boiling dej thiab noj rau ib teev.
4. Ntws dej. Cia txias me ntsis thiab tshem cov peels los ntawm sov beets.
5. Qiv nrog ib tug nqaij grinder los yog ib tug riam, uas yog preferable. Tuav daim hlau yuav tsum tsis muaj thicker tshaj li 1 mm.
6. Muab lub crushed beets nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab ntim thiab muab lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nias. Muab lub phiab rau cov kua txiv hmab. Yog tias qhov xovxwm tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem nyem qhov kua txiv thiab manually, sib ntsaws lub hnab, raws li thaum nias khaub ncaws.
7. Tom qab xub thawj, nchuav dej kub (tsis dej npau npau) hauv qhov ntim sib npaug li ib nrab ntawm qhov ntim ntawm lub beets, cia nws sawv ntsug. Pov lub beets on ib tug sieve, cia lub kua ntws mus rau hauv ib lub tais nrog kua txiv nias ua ntej. Tuab rov qab nyem dua.
8. Lub resulting kua txiv yog rhuab mus rau 70-80 degrees thiab lim los ntawm ob lub gauze.
9. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom qhuav ntawm qhov cub kom pom qhov sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv cov tais diav dav thiab dav, txhav ntim los yog lo quav.
10. Kom npaj txhij syrup muaj sib xws ntawm kua zib mu. Nws yog khaws, zoo li zib mu, rau ib lub sijhawm ntev heev.

Lub syrup tau thaum lub sij hawm evaporation yuav tsum tau tas li stirred nrog ib tug ntoo spatula - nws Burns yooj yim.

Txog 1 kg ntawm syrup yog tsim los ntawm 5 kilograms ntawm qab zib beet, los yog, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm, 600 grams dawb huv qab zib.

Ua kom qab zib

Syrup yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo hau qhwv cia kom qab zib li hauv qab zib kom ua rau hauv tsev lollipops. Boiled syrup poured rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ca hlau. Muab tso rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias. Muaj, lub syrup txias sai sai thiab crystallizes. Tom qab ntawd nws tseem tsuas yog mus tshem tawm los ntawm daim ntawv thiab faib mus rau pieces ntawm Desired loj.