Margarita qos yaj ywm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Dutch xaiv, qhov ntau tau raug sau npe nyob rau hauv Russian Federation tsis ntev los no, tsis heev nrov ntawm Lavxias teb sab gardeners, txawm li ntawd los, nws yog notable rau abundance ntawm harvested qoob loo thiab zoo saj.
Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav qhia rau koj nyob rau hauv kom meej txog Margarita qos yaj ywm. Ntawm no koj yuav pom ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab nws cov yeeb yam, tau paub cov peculiarities ntawm cultivation, kawm txog lub propensity rau cov kab mob.
Ntau yam piav qhia
| Qib npe | Margarita |
| Cov yam ntxwv dav dav | medium lig Dutch Dutch qos ntau yam nrog tubers ntawm qhov tseeb oval duab |
| Gestation lub sijhawm | 80-100 hnub |
| Tshua cov ntsiab lus | 14-16,5% |
| Pawg ntawm kev lag luam tubers | 90-150 gr |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv lub Bush | 7-12 |
| Tawm | 300-400 centners / his |
| Tus neeg siv khoom zoo | zoo saj, haum rau ua noj txhua yam lauj kaub tais diav |
| Recumbency | 96% |
| Cov tawv nqaij xim | liab |
| Hnav xim | cream |
| Xav tias tsam thaj tsam loj hlob | Nruab Nrab |
| Disease tsis kam | heev resistant rau scab, qos crayfish, speckled mosaic, nematodes |
| Ntaus zuj zus | qauv ua liaj ua teb |
| Keeb kwm | AgroPlant (Netherlands) |
Qos yaj ywm "Margarita" yog ib qho nruab nrab lig ntau yam, lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov tua yub mus rau kev kom loj hlob yog los ntawm 80 mus rau 100 hnub. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov qos yaj ywm tshiab hauv kev ruaj khovthaum qoob loo qoob loo loj tuaj mus rau qhov loj me, tawv nqaij yog nyias, lagging qab.
Tsos
Daim ntawv - qhov tseeb oval. Qhov ntev - hais txog 8 cm nyob rau hauv ntev, qhov ceeb thawj - los ntawm 90 g mus rau 150 g. Cov tev yog smooth, ntom, maub liab, crimson.
Cov qhov muag me muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsaws, lawv cov tawv nqaij tsawg. Cov nqaij yog lub teeb daj (cream) nyob rau hauv cov xim, tus nqi ntawm qhuav teeb meem nce - txog li 19%. Tshua cov ntsiab lus - txog 16.5% - tus nqi nruab nrab.
Bush qia hom, sprawling, siab. "Margarita" yog qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev txuag ntawm ib qho tawv ntsuab uas tawv thaum tsuav, feem ntau cov ntoo hloov daj thiab ntog thaum pib ntawm ripening. Cov nplooj raug kaw, qhov zoo li yog cov qos yaj ywm, xim yog tsaus ntsuab, qhov loj loj, tus qauv yog ntsws, tsis muaj pubescence, waviness ntawm lub paj tau qaug zog, loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Nws yog ib tug ntau ntawm paj, ib tug nimbus ntawm maub - liab los yog lub teeb - violet xim ntawm loj loj.
Cov av aav ntawm cov nroj tsuag
Qhov ntau ntau zoo nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation kev vam meej zuj zus - Central District. Nws hlob zoo nyob rau lub teeb xau, feem ntau, tsis xav tau ib hom av.
Yam ntxwv
Tawm
Margarita muaj ib tug ruaj ntau tshaj sau, tsis hais seb cov huab cua zoo. nyob rau hauv Central cheeb tsam - nyob nruab nrab txog 308 c hectare, uas sib ntsib los yog tshaj cov qauv. Siab tshaj tawm - 400 c rau ib 1 his.
Nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no koj yuav pom qhov cwj pwm no nyob rau hauv ntau ntau hom qhia hauv peb lub vev xaib:
| Qib npe | Tawm |
| Margarita | mus txog 400 kg / his |
| Santa | mus txog 570 c / his |
| Tuleyevsky | 400-500 c / his |
| Gingerbread Txiv neej | 450-600 centners / his |
| Ilinsky | 180-350 c / his |
| Cornflower | 200-480 c / his |
| Laura | 330-510 c / his |
| Irbit | mus txog 500 kg / his |
| Blue-eyed | mus txog 500 kg / his |
| Adretta | mus txog 450 kg / his |
| Alvar | 295-440 c / his |
Tuber kev ua lag luam yog li 98%. Ib tsob nroj ua ntau lub loj tubers, tsis muaj qoob loo cov qoob loo me me. Raws li cov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm gardeners - lub noob yog tubers los ntawm 100 g, tsawg yog tsis. Raws li ib co gardeners los ntawm 5 bushes tau sau txog li 120 kg ntawm qos yaj ywm.
Kev siv
Qos yaj ywm muaj ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, ob qho tib si nyoos thiab tom qab kev kho cua kub.
"Margarita" muaj lub hom phiaj uas tsim nyog, feem ntau yog - siv ua khoom noj. Tubers tsis boil soft vim lawv tsawg starch cov ntsiab lus, lawv yog cov haum rau french fries, frying, ua noj rau zaub nyoos.
Saj
Variety ntawm qos yaj ywm "Margarita" muaj zoo saj cov yam ntxwv. Cov zaub mov ua rau hauv lawv cov tawv nqaij yuav pab khaws cia tag nrho cov as-ham, thiab ci hauv coals los yog ncu rau hauv lawv cov tawv nqaij yuav khaws cov vitamins.
Rau cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov qos yaj ywm nquag thiab tsau lawv rau 24 teev ua ntej yuav ua noj ua haus, kom cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yuav ploj mus. Nyob rau hauv lwm cov ntaub ntawv, lub qos yaj ywm peeled yog tam sim ntawd raug rau kev kho cua sov, cov dej ntxuav tawm ib tug npaum li cas ntawm kev pab kawm kab.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov khoom noj thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm qos yaj ywm.Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm solanine, cov kev pab thiab ua mob ntawm qos yaj ywm, yog vim li cas noj sprouts thiab haus kua txiv hmab txiv, qhov zoo zoo ntawm Sweet qos yaj ywm - Sweet qos yaj ywm.
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Ntawm qhov tsis pom zoo pluag tiv thaiv mus rau lig blight tubers.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tubers accumulate kis kab mob, paus cov qoob loo yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xaiv rau cog!
Qhov zoo yog raws li hauv qab no.:
- zoo siab;
- cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj, lawv qhov kev nthuav qhia;
- universality ntawm noj;
- siab saj zoo;
- drought tsis kam;
- qhov sai txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tubers thiab ntev dormancy;
- ntev cia zoo;
- tsis kam mus rau ntau cov kab mob;
- high tsis kam rau cov neeg kho tshuab puas tsuaj.
Hauv qab rooj lus koj yuav pom cov lus tso tawm kom sib piv Margarita qos yaj ywm nrog rau lwm yam:
| Qib npe | Kev khaum |
| Tshau | 97% |
| Zekura | 98% |
| Kubanka | 95% |
| Burly | 97% |
| Felox | 90% |
| Triumph | 96% |
| Agatha | 93% |
| Natasha | 93% |
| Liab pojniam | 92% |
| Uladar | 94% |
Diam duab
Koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog ntau hom qos yaj ywm "Margarita" hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Lub teb chaws ntawm yug me nyuam, xyoo ntawm sau npe
Qhov ntau yam yog bred raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm hla Saga thiab Asonia ntau yam los ntawm Dutch breeders. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 2015 yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub Xeev Register ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation hauv Central Region.
Ntaus zuj zus
Mulching
Cov av yuav tsum tau dug tshaj thiab xaiv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ces nitrogen thiab potash chiv yuav tsum tau mus thov. Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas pub qos yaj ywm, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas thov fertilizer, yuav ua li cas nws ua thaum cog.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav av khawb. Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis - Tsuas pib pib tsaws. Cov av kub ntawm ib lub tob ntawm 10 cm yuav tsum yog yam tsawg kawg 13 degrees, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tshaj qhov dej noo. Seed qos yaj ywm yuav tsum tau npaj rau cog - coj nws mus rau lub hnub ci rau greening, qhov no yuav ua kom paub ntxiv zoo kev loj hlob ntawm hauv paus cov qoob loo.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tsawg tshaj li 20 cm rau Margarita, ib qho chaw zoo yog li 35 cm; qos yaj ywm ua tob tob los ntawm 10 cm Nws yog qhov zoo ntxiv ntxiv tshauv ntawm cov ntoo thiab lwm yam ntxiv chiv mus rau furrows los yog indentations.
Margarita yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm tsaws - tsim nyog hob, loosening, hilling, watering. Yuav kom tswj cov nroj tsuag, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kabmob ntawm kab.
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, sub-paus dressings yog tsim nyog, nws yog ib qhov ua tau mus txiav lub paj rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tubers. Tsis tas li ntawd "Margarita" hlub txau nrog microelements tseem ceeb.
Muaj ntau txoj kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm. Peb coj los rau koj mloog cov feem ntau nthuav ntawm lawv. Nyeem tag nrho txog Dutch niaj hnub siv, lub cultivation ntawm thaum ntxov ntau yam thiab sau tsis muaj weeding thiab hilling.Thiab kuj hais txog txoj kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm: nyob rau hauv straw, los ntawm cov noob, nyob rau hauv tej kas tham, nyob rau hauv hnab, nyob rau hauv thawv.
Cia
"Margarita" zoo cia kom txog rau thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tseem tsis tau, tsis tuaj yeem ua rau, tsis siv tshuaj yau (tsis tas yuav tua cov kab ntev ntev). Qhov chaw cia noj kom txias yog li 3 degrees ntawm kev xoom. Cia yuav tsum tsaus ntuj, qhuav thiab ventilated.
Nyeem ntxiv txog lub sij hawm cia cov qos yaj ywm thiab teeb meem. Thiab tseem yuav ua li cas khaws cov qoob loo cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev, nyob rau hauv ib lub cellar, nyob rau hauv ib lub khw muag khoom, on ib lub sam thiaj, nyob rau hauv thawv, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv lub tub yees thiab tshem.
Pab Qhov ntau yam yog tsis ntshai ntawm tsawg kub.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Verticillosis
Nyeem kuj hais txog hom kab mob qos yaj ywm xws li Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium wilt.
Kev tiv thaiv qee cov kab mob, cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem kho nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov kab phem (Colorado qos kab thiab nws cov larvae, aphids, dais cubs, daus, qos moth, wireworm) yog txau nrog microelements thiab yog siv rau prophylaxis.
Weeding los ntawm lub wireworm pab yaug thiab pib khawb ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam Colorado qos beetle, koj yuav siv tau ob qho kev cai thiab tshuaj preparations:
- Aktara.
- Regent
- Prestige.
- Corado.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem cog qos yaj ywm tom ntej rau txiv lws suav - qhov yuav kis tau tus kab mob siab dua - lawv muaj kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
"Margarita" tej zaum yuav zoo noj ib feem ntawm gardener lub cuab ntxhiab, yuav muab ib tug zoo sau ntawm six qoob loo ntev cov qoob loo. Nyeem kuj yuav ua li cas tig lub qoob loo ntawm qos yaj ywm rau hauv ib lub lag luam.
Peb kuj qhia rau koj tus kheej nrog rau lwm yam ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm uas muaj txawv ripening cov nqe lus:
| Nruab nrab lig | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov | Txhawb Nqa |
| Sonny | Darling | Farmer |
| Crane | Tswv ntawm lub expanses | Meteor |
| Rogneda | Ramos | Juvel |
| Granada | Taisiya | Minerva |
| Magician | Rodrigo | Kiranda |
| Lasock | Liab Fantasy | Veneta |
| Zhuravinka | Jelly | Zhukovsky thaum ntxov | Blueness | Typhoon | Riviera |
