Newcomer los ntawm teb chaws Europe - Granada qos yaj ywm: ntau yam piav qhia, yam ntxwv thiab duab

Yog tias koj tau sim ntau hom qos yaj ywm, tab sis tsis tau pom tias ib qho, ces koj tuaj yeem saib cov kab tshoob tshiab. Ib qho ntawm cov no yog peb cov qhua hnub no - Granada qos yaj ywm.

Qhov no yog ib qho tshiab tshiab European qos yaj ywm ntau yam, uas tseem tsis tau tau sau npe nyob rau hauv Russia. Txawm li cas los, nws muaj ntau yam zoo, vim hais tias ntawm nws yuav pab tau kom tau ntsib nws tam sim no.

Qos Granada: ntau yam lus piav qhia

Qhov ntau yam Granada belongs rau nruab nrab-lig qos ntau yam, nws loj hlob rau lub caij yog tag nrho ua tiav nyob rau hauv 90 - 110 hnub tom qab thawj zaug tua. Nws tau raug tshem tawm nyob rau hauv 2015 hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws yuav tsum hais tias nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation Granada yuav tsum zwm rau hauv 2017. Nws zoo kawg li tawm los sai sai catches lub qhov muag, nrog ib tug nruab nrab ntawm mus txog 60 tons ntawm qos yaj ywm ib hectare ntawm cov qoob loo.

Cov tawm los ntawm lwm yam ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub rooj hauv qab no:

Lwm qhov zoo dua yuav tsum ua kom zoo, uas yog khaws cia ntawm 97%, uas tso cai rau koj khaws cia hauv qhov cub rau qhov ntev cia.

Nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no koj yuav nrhiav tau cov nuj nqis kom sib piv Granada qos yaj ywm nrog rau lwm yam:

Nyeem ntxiv txog lub sij hawm, qhov chaw thiab qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cia qos yaj ywm, txog cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim.

Peb kuj pom zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm txog kev khaws cia cov qoob loo qoob loo hauv lub caij ntuj no, hauv cov khw muag khoom noj, thiab nyob hauv chav tsev thiab tshuaj ntsuab, nyob rau hauv lub sam thiaj thiab hauv cov thawv, hauv lub tub yees thiab hauv daim ntawv.

Tubers yog medium loj thiab muaj ib qho oval oblong duab. Qhov nyhav ntawm ib tug tuber lag luam yog 80-100 g, thiab lawv cov naj npawb nyob hauv ib lub tsob sib txawv ntawm 10 mus rau 14. Cov neeg uas cog qos yaj ywm rau muag yuav txaus siab nrog qhov tseeb tias tubers ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib tug zoo heev zoo.

Cov tawv nqaij yog nyias, du thiab muaj xim qab ntxiag xim xim. Nws pulp tseem yog lub teeb lossis lub teeb daj, muaj txog 10 - 17% starch. Tsis tsaus nti thaum lub caij kub los yog kev txiav. Lub qhov muag feem ntau me me thiab tusyees nyob ntawm tag nrho ntawm qhov fetus. Nres ntau yam kuj ntxiv rau cov saj thiab cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov qoob loo cov qoob loo. Nyeem tag nrho cov khoom ntawm qos yaj ywm: qhov txaus ntshai ntawm solanine, seb nws yog tau noj cov qos yaj ywm raw, yog vim li cas lawv haus dej qos kua txiv thiab noj sprouts.

Shrubs nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm qhov siab tsis boast thiab yuav mus rau intermediate hom. Lawv feem ntau qis, tab sis qee lub caij lawv loj tuaj mus rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Cov nplooj ntawm Granada tseem tsawg thiab muaj lub teeb ntsuab xim. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering, lub saum ntawm bushes them nrog paj nrog dawb corollas.

Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov sau qoob

Muaj ntau tus neeg ua teb sab hnub poob thiab cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nco txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kev sib tw ntawm no ntau npaum li cas thiab ntsuas lawv ntawm 4.8 cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5 qho tau. Vim yog ib qho txaus txaus ntawm starch nyob rau hauv lub qos yaj ywm, nws tsis boil soft thiab tsis darken. Tubers ntawm no nroj tsuag yuav siv tau los npaj yuav luag txhua cov tais diav hauv tsev.

Raws li rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cog thiab kev saib xyuas, nyob rau hauv dav dav, peb muaj peev xwm hais tias Granada qos yaj ywm tsis heev whimsical. Noob qos ntau yam ntawm Granada, koj muaj peev xwm pib xaiv nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum raws nraim loj tubers nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws bushes.

Qhov no yuav tom qab muab ib qho ntxiv thiab muaj lub qoob loo zoo.. Xaiv tubers raug muab tso rau hauv ntoo thawv thiab them nrog peat tov nrog av (tubers yuav tsum tog li ntawm ob feem peb ntawm qhov tob ntawm lub thawv).

Lub resulting seedlings yog them nrog zaj duab xis thiab sab laug rau ib tug zoo-zes qhov chaw nrog ib tug kub ntawm txog 12 - 14 ° C. Sprouts pib tshwm sim hauv ob los yog peb lub lis piam. Los ntawm ib tug germinated tuber yuav tsum tsis muaj ntau tshaj ob tua. Qhov yuav muaj yog tias tag nrho cov tom qab sawv daws yuav qaug zog thiab yuav muab cov neeg pluag hle.

Kev tsaws no yog nqa tawm thaum lub Plaub Hlis lossis thaum lub Tsib Hlis Ntuj.. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov av yuav tsum tau sov so rau ~ 8 ° C, thiab tag nrho cov cua txias yuav tsum tseg.

Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov kab ntawm qos yaj ywm yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem ntawm 70 cm, nws yuav muab koj cov nroj tsuag nrog cua, lub teeb thiab pab txhawb koj hilling. Nyob rau hauv kab ntawm cog cov khoom yuav tsum tau ceev cia nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 25 - 30 cm .. Mulching nruab nrab ntawm kab yuav pab nyob rau hauv tswj tswj thiab tswj qhov tseeb microclimate.

TSEEM CEEB! Nyob ntawm seb hom av cog khoom yog faus ntawm nyias qhov tob. Yog hais tias koj txaj yog ncig los ntawm av nplaum av, ces qhov tob ntawm kev khawb yuav tsum tsis tshaj 5 cm Yog tias koj cog seedlings nyob rau hauv xoob av, ces nws yuav faus mus rau ib tug tob ntawm txog 10 - 12 cm.

Agrotechnology yog tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab thiab qhov kev saib xyuas tom ntej ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum kom koj ua ob peb theem pib txheej txheem:

• Tsis nco txog hilling, nws stimulates tsim ntawm underground tua, thiab tseem tiv thaiv tsis paub tab tua los ntawm tseem tsis dhau sov caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

  Nyeem ntxiv txog seb puas hilling puas tsim nyog, qhov kev siv txhais tau tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los tsim, dab tsi txawv ntawm phau ntawv thiab nrog kev pab ntawm ib lub cev muaj zog. Thiab tseem, yog nws ua tau kom loj hlob ib tug zoo qoob loo tsis muaj kev weeding thiab hilling.

• Granada tolerates drought zoo, thiab yog li ntawd tsis xav tau tshaj dej. Yog tias koj nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj dej nag ntau, ces txog thaum cog koj cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsis txhob siv dej los siv. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam qab teb, dej yuav tsum tau ua txhua txhua 10 hnub.
• Raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv ib tug noog droppings thiab ib tug tov ntawm urea, sulfate thiab superphosphate. Thawj chiv yog tswvcuab rau hauv av ib lub hlis tom qab cog.

  Nyeem ntxiv txog kev pub qos yaj ywm, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas thov fertilizer, dab tsi yog kev siv cov zaub mov thiab seb yuav siv lawv li cas thaum cog.

Diam duab

Saib hauv qab: qos yaj ywm ntau Granada duab

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Qhov no cog raws li ib tug tag nrho muaj ib qho zoo heev cev, uas tiv thaiv nws los ntawm: qos cancer, scab thiab golden nematode, phytophthora, thiab kuj tiv thaiv cov nplooj ntawm curling thiab rotting ntawm tubers.

Txawm li cas los xij, Granada muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv fusarium wilt, uas muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev sib kis ceev ceev. Nrog swb ntawm tus kab mob no, cov nplooj pib kom tau ib qho kev tsis zoo xim, thiab lub stems ntawm qhov tawm tsam loj hlob xim av. Tom qab ob peb hnub tag nrho cov nroj tsuag pib ploj. Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam no scourge yuav pab tau:

• Ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev cog qoob loo;
• Muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm txhua tus kab mob kis;
• Ua ntej txoj kev kho mob ntawm tubers nrog daws ntawm salts ntawm kab kawm boron, manganese thiab tooj liab;
• Kev npaj tshuaj lom neeg "Maxim" thiab "Baktofit" tau pov tseg lawv tus kheej zoo.

Nyeem kuj hais txog hom kab mob ntawm Solanaceae, xws li alternarioz, lig blight, scab, verticillis.

Raws li rau pests, feem ntau gardeners muaj rau sib tw nrog Colorado qos beetle thiab nws cov larvae, medars thiab wireworms, qos moths thiab aphids.

Peb tau npaj ib co khoom rau koj kom tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv.:

1. Yuav ua li cas tau tshem ntawm wireworm nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb.
2. Yuav ua li cas siv tawm tsam Medvedka: pej xeem npaj thiab Chemistry.
3. Peb ua puas lub qos mole: txoj kev 1 thiab cov hau kev 2.
4. Sib ntaus cov Colorado qos beetle - pej xeem tshuaj thiab tshuaj:
   • Aktara.
   • Regent
   • Corado.
   • Prestige.

Nws yog ib qho cuab tam tam sim no tias Granada yog tus hwm cov qoob qis, thiab nws yuav tseeg yog ib tus neeg tsim nyog sib tw rau txhua tus ntau yam uas nyiam nrog peb. Tus naj npawb ntawm nws qhov zoo tshaj deb tshaj li cov tsawg disadvantages, yog li ntawd ntau gardeners twb tos rau nws cov ntaub ntawv sau npe nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij thaum nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws nws tau ntev tau nrov heev.

Peb coj los rau koj paub txog kev nthuav dav thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog ntau txoj kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm: Dutch technology thiab cultivation ntawm thaum ntxov ntau yam, txoj cai nyob rau hauv straw, nyob rau hauv tej kas tham, nyob rau hauv hnab, nyob rau hauv thawv.

Peb kuj qhia rau koj tus kheej nrog rau lwm yam ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm uas muaj txawv ripening cov nqe lus: