Cov qos ntau yam Serpanok yog bred los ntawm Ukrainian breeders thiab yog npaj rau cultivation on industrial teb thiab nyob rau hauv ntiav teb.
Cov ntau tau yeej kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab thiab tau nthuav dav hauv ntau lub teb chaws - thoob Ukraine, Belarus, thiab Central cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia.
Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav qhia rau koj nyob rau hauv kom meej txog dab tsi Serpanok qos ntau yam yog, dab tsi yog nws cultivation nta thiab ntsiab yam ntxwv.
Nqe lus piav txog hauv paus
Qib npe | Serpanok |
Cov yam ntxwv dav dav | thaum ntxov ripe rooj ntau yam, resistant rau drought, muaj peev xwm coj qoob loo ob zaug |
Gestation lub sijhawm | Thawj khawb yog ua tau nyob rau hnub 45th tom qab cov kab ua si, qhov thib ob - nyob rau ntawm 55. hnub |
Tshua cov ntsiab lus | 12-15% |
Pawg ntawm kev lag luam tubers | 90-145 gr |
Tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv lub Bush | 10-15 |
Tawm | 170-215 c / his |
Tus neeg siv khoom zoo | zoo saj, lub pulp tsis boil soft, haum rau soups thiab frying |
Recumbency | 94% |
Cov tawv nqaij xim | lub liab |
Hnav xim | cream |
Xav tias tsam thaj tsam loj hlob | Nruab Nrab |
Disease tsis kam | resistant rau qos cancer, scab thiab kis kab mob, cuam tshuam los ntawm golden nematode |
Ntaus zuj zus | qauv ua liaj ua teb technology, sowing tob - 10-12 cm, tsis zoo siab high school ntawm pob zeb hauv av chiv |
Keeb kwm | Lub koom haum ntawm qos yaj ywm UAAS (Ukraine) |
Diam duab
Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim
Qos yaj ywm "Serpanok", piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov yam ntxwv: hais txog lub rooj thaum ntxov maturing. Kev tsim tau ntau tshaj li ntawm 170 mus rau 215 tus neeg ua haujlwm ib hectare. Daim ntawv teev npe siab tshaj plaws - 314 feem pua ntawm ib hectare. Cov thawj khawb yuav nqa tawm ntawm 45 hnub tom qab germination, tab sis lub qos ncav nws cov siab tshaj plaws tawm los ntawm xaus ntawm lub caij loj hlob. Yuav ua li cas loj hlob thaum ntxov qos yaj ywm nyeem ntawm no.
Koj tuaj yeem piv qhov tsim tau ntawm Serpanok qos nrog rau lwm yam hauv qab rooj:
Qib npe | Tawm |
Kev zoo nkauj | 400-450 c / his |
Vector | 670 c / his |
Artemis | 220-350 c / his |
Yanka | mus txog 630 c / his |
Svitanok Kiev | mus txog 460 c / his |
Santana | 160-380 c / his |
Nevsky | 300-500 c / his |
Taisiya | mus txog 460 c / his |
Colomba | 220-420 c / his |
Lapot | 400-500 c / his |
Tubers muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv txhua yam kev puas tsuaj., tus sau yog zoo khaws cia. Peb muab koj ib cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog yuav ua li cas khaws cov qos yaj ywm hauv lub caij ntuj no, lub ntsiab lus twg, yuav ua li cas hauv cov thawv.
Lub txaj lub neej ntawm Serpanok qos ncav 94%. Tej zaum cog tubers 2 zaug ib xyoos, tab sis thawj zaug sau yog ntau tshaj.
Bush siab, upright, nrab hom. Cov ceg tsis dhau sprawling, ntsuab pawg tsim qib. Cov nplooj yog cov loj, tsaus ntsuab, nrog me ntsis ntug ntas.
Lub corolla yog compact, dho los ntawm loj bluish-liab doog paj. Berries yog xyaum tsis khi. Hauv paus system yog haib, 10-15 xaiv qos yaj ywm raug tsim nyob rau hauv txhua tuber. Cov lag luam tsis tshua me me los yog npeeb tubers me ntsis.
Tej yam yuav tsum tau rau agrotechnics hauv standard qib rau thaum ntxov siav qos yaj ywm. Tubers yog cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv cov av, uas tau khaws cia ib qho txaus txaus ntawm noo. Cov av yog kom zoo zoo loosened thiab fertilized nrog humus Tsaws tau nrog ib qhov tob ntawm 10-12 cm.
Nws yog tsim nyog los dej cov tubers tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhuav lub caij ntuj sov, rau lub caij tsawg kawg 2 hillocks yuav tsum tau nrog tsim ntawm high ridges thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm weeds. Sab saum toj ntawm hnav khaub ncaws, tab sis tsis txhob dag pob zeb hauv av chiv.
Yuav ua li cas thiab thaum twg fertilize qos yaj ywm thiab yuav ua li cas nws ua kom zoo thaum cog, nyeem nyob rau hauv cov khoom cais ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv. Thiab kuj tag nrho hais txog qos mulching.
Tsi raug rau ntau cov kab mob Solanaceae: qos mob qog, kab xau, ntau hom kab mob, Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillia. Nyob rau hauv cov nyom tej yam kev mob, tus kab mob nrog lub kub cyst nematode yog ua tau. Muaj ib qho kev txaus ntshai ntawm lig blight ntawm nplooj los yog tubers.
Qos yaj ywm muaj ib qho qab ntxiag uas tsis muaj dej ntau dhau los los yog kev ua dej. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv tubers los ntawm npau npo. lossis tsaus ntuj thaum txiav.
Cov hauv paus zaub yuav muab tau tag nrho, sib sib zog nqus-kib, ci, khoom ua si. Rau mashed qos yaj ywm tsis haum. Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas muab khoom tev thiab cov tubers thiab seb nws tuaj yeem ua tau rau hauv lub tub yees.
Keeb kwm
Cov qos ntau yam Serpanok twb bred los ntawm Ukrainian breeders. Qos yaj ywm tau los ntawm kev hla 2 cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum ntxov ua ke - "Teb" thiab "Romano". Tus thawj coj yog UAAN (National Academy of Agrarian Sciences). Cov qhab-nees raug coj tuaj rau hauv lub Xeev lub npe ntawm Lavxias Tebchaws hauv xyoo 2008. Zoned rau cheeb tsam Nruab Nrab thiab Sab Qaum Teb-West, nws muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau lwm qhov chaw nrog rau kev kub ntxhov.
Yug me nyuam ua liaj teb thiab nyob rau hauv private farmsteads yog pom zoo, nws yog ib qhov ua tau cog rau cov lag luam loj. Harvested qos yaj ywm ntev cia, zoo thauj, tsim rau cov khw muag khoom lossis muag lag luam.
Lub peev xwm kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov qos yaj ywm. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj hauv qab no koj yuav pom qhov xeeb ceem hauv ntau hom:
Qib npe | Kev khaum |
Timo | 96% |
Arosa | 95% |
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav | 93% |
Vineta | 87% |
Impala | 95% |
Zorachka | 96% |
Kamensky | 97% |
Latona | 90% |
Lyubava | 98% |
Hmoov zoo | 88-97% |
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Ntawm lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam:
- zoo heev tuber saj;
- zoo tawm los;
- high khoom muag zoo ntawm tubers;
- drought siab kam rau;
- tsis muaj kev saib xyuas;
- tau ntev ntawm kev khaws cia;
- cov khoom noob tsis yog ntxig rau degeneration;
- tsis kam mus rau tej yam kab mob.
Cov kev tsis pom zoo muaj xws li kis tau tus kab mob nrog tus kab mob nematode. los yog lig blight, raws li zoo li rhiab heev rau lub nyob tus yeees ntawm cov av. Nyob rau hauv kub lub caij ntuj sov, tubers yog cuam tshuam los ntawm pests.
Ntaus zuj zus
Qos yaj ywm yog thaum ntxov siav, nyob ntawm thaj av, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav cog tau nyob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis, Plaub Hlis los sis Tsib Hlis. Nrog thaum ntxov disembarkation, koj tuaj yeem tau txais 2 cov qoob loo hauv ib xyoos twg. Zoo tag nrho rau cog - cov av warmed txog li 10 degrees Celsius, tuav ib tug zoo khoom ntawm noo noo. Tubers sprout sai sai, tsis tas yuav tsum tau watering heev.
Ua ntej yuav tsaws paus qoob loo kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob sib kis los yog kev txhawb loj. Nruab nrab qhov loj me tubers tsis puas los ntawm pests raug xaiv rau sowing. Cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom muag yog cov fruitful, cov hauv paus hniav tsis raws li qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav.
Tom qab ziab, lub tubers yog germinated nyob rau hauv ntub sawdust, qhov no kev saib xyuas kom sai thiab phooj ywg zoo li ntawm muaj zog tua. Qos yaj ywm nyiam lub teeb av nrog ib theem siab ntawm cov xuab zeb los yog lub ntiaj teb dub. Rau ntau dua tus nqi noj haus, humus yog nkag tau rau hauv cov av. Ntoo ntoo tshauv yuav tiv thaiv ntau dhau ntawm noo thiab rot.
Nws yog tsim nyog rau dej bushes nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ib tug drought. Tau ib qho hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus nrog superphosphate los yog kua mullein. Fertilizers nce yields, tab sis tej zaum yuav ua rau lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm nitrates nyob rau hauv tubers.
Ntawm peb qhov chaw koj yuav pom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv fungicides thiab herbicides rau cog qoob loo.
Ua ntej ntxuav lub bushes raug txiav los ntawm bushes. Qhov no tso cai rau tubers loj hlob thiab nquag muaj ntau tshaj ntawm cov as-ham. Tom qab kev khawb, lub tubers raug pw tawm on txee rau meej kom qhuav.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov qoob loo ntawm qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv straw, nyob rau hauv hnab thiab tej kas tham, zoo li txog Dutch technology thiab lwm txoj kev.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm "Serpanok" resistant mus rau kis kab mob, qos nqaij tawv, qee cov tshuaj tsw qab. Nrog thaum ntxov cog thiab harvesting, lub tubers tsis txom nyem los ntawm lig blight; tom qab cultivation threatens yuav kis tau.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub cog yog copiously sprayed nrog tooj liab-muaj npaj. Kev kho mob ua ntej ntawm tubers nrog simultaneous spilling ntawm av nrog disinfectant sib txuas kuj pab. Cov tub ntxhais hluas saum attracts ntau yam kab tsuag: Colorado beetles, cicadas, kab laug sab mites, aphids.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam Colorado qos beetle yuav pab tau tshuaj: Aktara, Corado, Regent, Commander, Prestige, Xob Laim, Tanrek, Apache, Taboo.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo zoo loosen cov av ua ntej cog, tshem nroj khib nyiab thiab lwm yam txawv teb chaws teeb meem uas tej zaum yuav ua ib qho chaw yug me nyuam rau kab.. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem cov nroj tsuag rau hauv lub sijhawm, kev sib kis kab yuav tsum tau mulched by mowed nyom los yog straw.
"Serpanok" - ib lub sij hawm-kuaj ntau yam, hlub los ntawm ntau gardeners. Nrog tu, tubers yog cov loj, txawm, six, lawv siav thaum ntxov thiab zoo khaws cia.
Hauv qab lub rooj koj yuav pom cov khoom rau cov khoom ntawm qos ntau yam ripening ntawm txawv sij hawm:
Nruab nrab lig | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov | Lig-ripening |
Aurora | Dub tub huabtais | Nikulinsky |
Skarb | Nevsky | Asterix |
Ua Siab Loj | Darling | Cardinal |
Ryabinushka | Tswv ntawm lub expanses | Kiwi |
Blueness | Ramos | Slavyanka |
Zhuravinka | Taisiya | Rocco |
Lasock | Lapot | Ivan da Marya | Magician | Caprice | Picasso |