Nikulinsky qos yaj ywm - high-yielding ntau yam. Nws muaj ib txoj haujlwm tsis haum rau ntau yam kabmob. Tsim los ua noj ua haus cov khoom noj, ua cov paj ntoo thiab cov khoom qhuav. Nws yog dav faib nyob rau hauv Russia, zus nyob rau hauv ib co lwm lub teb chaws.
Tom qab nyeem ntawv no, koj yuav tau kawm ntau ntxiv txog Nikulinsky qos yaj ywm. Peb yuav nthuav qhia rau koj paub qhov piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tswv yim ua teb. Thiab kuj yog peb yuav qhia txog cov kab mob dab tsi nws tseem raug tau thiab kab tsuag kab tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau qoob loo.
Cov cheeb tsam loj hlob
Cov qos yaj ywm cultivar Nikulinsky tau nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev npe ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation hauv 1996 nyob rau hauv xov tooj 15-078-99. Tus thawj coj ntawm cov subspecies yog GNU VNII. Lub patent belongs rau qos cog hu ua A.G. Lorch.
Lub subspecies hlob nyob rau hauv lub Northern, Nruab nrab Volga, Central cheeb tsam. Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb cheeb tsam ntawm Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod cheeb tsam. Nws yog loj hauv Altai, Krasnodar Krai. Haum kev loj hlob hauv lub Urals thiab Siberia.
Kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv Belarus, Kazakhstan, Is Nrias teb, Tuam Tshoj, Ukraine, Moldova. Muaj peev xwm ua kom mob siab txias ntawm cov cua, cov huab cua sib txawv. Withstands caij nplooj ntoos hlav nag, drought, lawg.
Nikulinsky qos yaj ywm: ntau yam lus piav qhia
| Qib npe | Nikulinsky |
| Cov yam ntxwv dav dav | nruab nrab lig rooj ntau yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab cog qoob loo nrog ib tug ruaj tawm los |
| Gestation lub sijhawm | 115-120 hnub |
| Tshua cov ntsiab lus | 12-21% |
| Pawg ntawm kev lag luam tubers | 70-120 gr |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv lub Bush | 8-12 |
| Tawm | 170-300 (ntau kawg - 410) c / his |
| Tus neeg siv khoom zoo | zoo heev saj, ua noj zoo |
| Recumbency | 95% |
| Cov tawv nqaij xim | daj |
| Hnav xim | dawb |
| Xav tias tsam thaj tsam loj hlob | North, North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Ural, West Siberian |
| Disease tsis kam | moderately resistant mus lig blight saum thiab tubers, cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau scab thiab dub ceg, resistant mus rau cov kab mob |
| Ntaus zuj zus | teb zoo rau qhov qhia txog ntawm ntau dua ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av chiv |
| Keeb kwm | Lub koom haum ntawm qos yaj ywm ua liaj ua teb lawv. A.G. Saib |
Lub bushes yog heev siab nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab yuav ncav cuag 80 cm. Lub qia yog erect nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ceg. Cov ceg yog cov pob zeb loj heev. Cov nplooj yog elongated, emerald. Muaj ib tug serrated ntug. Halo maroon-purple ntxoov ntxoo. Los ntawm sab hauv thiab sab sab muaj ib daig xim dawb. Qhov anthocyanin xim ntawm lub buds yog heev zog. Tubers elongated, npawv. Muaj ib qho chaw daus dawb.
Lub siab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib lub qauv mesh. Ob lub qhov muag me me, tsis muaj qab hau. Nyob rau ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov qos yaj ywm. Txau nplawm xim dawb-dawb. Thaum txiav txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis darken. Ib tuber tau hnyav 70-120 g. Qhov loj tshaj plaws hnyav ncav cuag 135 grams. Txuj ci starch ntsiab lus yog 12-21%.
Lub saj ntawm qos yaj ywm yog feem ntau nyob rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm starch nyob rau hauv nws tubers. Nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem pom dab tsi qhov qhia tau no rau ntau hom sib txawv:
| Qib npe | Tshua cov ntsiab lus |
| Nikulinsky | 12-21% |
| Svitanok Kiev | 18-19% |
| Cheri | 11-15% |
| Artemis | 13-16% |
| Tuscany | 12-14% |
| Yanka | 13-18% |
| Lilac pos huab | 14-17% |
| Openwork | 14-16% |
| Ntsig | 13-21% |
| Santana | 13-17% |
Diam duab
Lub yees duab qhia qos yaj ywm cultivar Nikulinsky
Tawm
Qos cultivar Nikulinskiy yam ntxwv: subspecies raug xa mus lig-ripening ntau yam. Los ntawm thawj zaug ntawm seedlings mus rau technical ripeness, 115-120 hnub dhau.
Harvesting yog ua tiav hauv lig Cuaj hlis - thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj. Lub subspecies muaj siab ruaj khov tawm los. Nrog 10 square metres. m. sau 30-45 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. 170-300 centners ntawm qos yaj ywm yog harvested los ntawm 1 his. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tawm los yog 410 cag. Kev lag luam zoo yog li ntawm 70 mus rau 95%. Qhov ntau yog tsim rau cov lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom. Tab sis feem ntau nws yog muag rau cov neeg tau txais kev pab hauv cov khw muag zaub xwb.
Kev ruaj ntseg yog zoo heev, vaj huam sib luag rau 95%. Qos yaj ywm khaws cia hauv cov khw muag zaub txias rau ntau tshaj 6 lub hlis. Nws tuaj yeem muab cia rau hauv cov tsev ntiav, qab lawj, chaw xauv chaw. Nyeem ntxiv txog cov ntsiab lus, qhov kub, qhov chaw thiab cov teeb meem cia. Hais txog yuav ua li cas kom khaws qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv lub cellar, nyob rau lawj, nyob rau hauv drawers, nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, peeled.
Los sib piv rau cov lus sau cia thiab ua kom zoo ntawm ntau yam nrog lwm tus, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus hauv qab no:
| Qib npe | Tawm (kg / his) | Kev nyab xeeb (%) |
| Nikulinsky | 170-300 | 95 |
| Elmundo | 250-345 | 97 |
| Milena | 450-600 | 95 |
| Pab Koomtes | 210-360 | 93 |
| Vector | 670 | 95 |
| Mozart | 200-330 | 92 |
| Sifra | 180-400 | 94 |
| Poj huab tais Anne | 390-460 | 92 |
Thaum ua ntawv thov fertilizer tawm los ntawm 1.5 npaug. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm tubers thiab lub rooj zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis deteriorate.
Nyeem ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas pub qos yaj ywm, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas thov fertilizer, yuav ua li cas nws ua thaum cog, uas pub yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab yog dab tsi yog kev siv ntxhia.
Lub hom phiaj
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws saj. Muaj rooj teem caij. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog crumbly heev. Los ntawm qos yaj ywm koj muaj peev xwm ua rau mashed qos yaj ywm, casseroles. Qhov ntau yam no yog tsim rau ua noj ua ntej thiab zaum thib ob.
Haum rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm french fries, qos npas, rustic qos yaj ywm, chips. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua tau siav, kib, ci, steamed thiab hauv lub microwave.
Qos yaj ywm ntawm no ntau yam yog haum rau industrial processing.. Cov khoom qhuav yog tsim los ntawm nws - hmoov nplej, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, qos yaj ywm. Kuj qib yog tsim rau kev zauv ntawm granulate.
Nyeem cov khoom siv txog cov khoom qoob loo.Dab tsi yog kev phom solanine, yog vim li cas noj sprouts thiab haus cov kua txiv qos yaj ywm thiab seb puas yuav siv cov hauv paus zaub nyoos.
Ntaus zuj zus
Agrotechnics ntawm no ntau yam yog ncaj txheem. Tuaj maj, loosen, spud potatoes. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, ntxiv dej yuav tsis tiv thaiv, thiab mulching yuav pab nyob rau hauv tswj kev tswj.
Nyeem ntxiv txog seb nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau spud qos yaj ywm, yuav ua li cas nrog lawv - manually los yog nrog kev pab los ntawm taug kev-qab tsheb laij teb, thiab seb koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib tug zoo me me uas tsis muaj kev weeding thiab hilling.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Lig blight
Sustainable rau tag nrho cov pests tsuas yog lub Colorado qos beetle.
Yuav tsum tau kho kev tiv thaiv, txau. Nws yog pom zoo kom siv tshuaj uas tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm tubers. Tsis tas li ntawd periodically kos lub bushes rau muaj ib tug Kab Tsuag.
Nyob rau hauv kom meej txog kev ntsuas ntawm tawm tsam nrog dais, wireworm, qos moth, aphids, nyeem cov khoom:
- Yuav ua li cas tau tshem ntawm wireworm nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb.
- Peb tua nrog Medvedka nrog kev pab los ntawm chemistry thiab pej xeem tshuaj.
- Tau tshem ntawm lub qos moth: ib feem 1 thiab ib feem 2.
- Zoo sib ntaus tawm tsam aphids.
Nikulinsky qos yaj ywm possesses tiv thaiv tawm tsam ntau cov kab mob. Nws muaj siab ruaj khov. Nws tuaj yeem loj hlob rau txhua hom av.
Nrog kev sib txawv ntawm cov huab cua. Nws nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj li 80 cm. Nws muaj kev zoo thiab kev lag luam zoo heev.
Nyeem kuj txog lwm txoj kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm: Dutch technology thiab thaum ntxov ntau yam. Zoo li lwm txoj hauv kev: nyob rau hauv lub straw, nyob rau hauv hnab, nyob rau hauv tej kas tham, nyob rau hauv thawv, los ntawm cov noob.
Peb kuj muab koj lwm yam ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm nrog txawv ripening cov nqe lus:
| Lig-ripening | Nruab nrab thaum ntxov | Nruab nrab lig |
| Picasso | Dub tub huabtais | Blueness |
| Ivan da Marya | Nevsky | Saib |
| Rocco | Darling | Ryabinushka |
| Slavyanka | Tswv ntawm lub expanses | Nevsky |
| Kiwi | Ramos | Ua Siab Loj |
| Cardinal | Taisiya | Kev zoo nkauj |
| Asterix | Lapot | Milady | Nikulinsky | Caprice | Vector | Ntses taub ntswg ntev | Svitanok Kiev | Lub hostess | Sifra | Jelly | Ramona |
