Phytophthora thiab scab: uas qos ntau yam yog cov resistant mus rau cov kab mob no?

Nyob rau hauv lub dacha thaj av tsuas yog zaub yog zus, thiab ib cheeb tsam loj rau cog yog muab rau qos yaj ywm. Yog li ntawd, qhov yuav tsum tau cog qoob loo tsis yog ib txwm ua tau.

Qos yaj ywm feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm txhua xyoo cog zaub ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm tib qho chaw. Xws li cov ntes muaj xws li scab, cuam tshuam qos yaj ywm tubers. Tsab ntawv xov xwm qhia yuav ua li cas nrog kev mob kab mob no, ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm tus kab mob thiab cov lus pom zoo rau kev kho mob.

Kev cai lij choj

Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib pawg kab mob me me, cov kab mob thiab cov tshuaj lom (actinomycetes). Yeej, cov ntaub so ntswg sab nraud ntawm nplooj, stems, paj, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm scab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob no:

• tev daim cuticle;
• ua txhaum ntawm lub meej mom ntawm qhov saum npoo ntawm tev;
• qhov tsos ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm cov duab tsis zoo;
• qhov muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj qhov me thiab cov hlab ntsha, muaj ib txoj hlua qhuav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Qos yaj ywm, zoo li lwm yam zaub ntawm cov qoob loo, yog raug cov kab mob qis heev. Hnub no, yam tsawg kawg yog plaub hom mob. Lawv, tig mus, cov yeeb yaj kiab yog txawv los ntawm lwm qhov. Li no, kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob kuj yuav txawv. Muaj:

1. hom qw;
2. nyiaj;
3. powdery;
4. dub.

Silver scab yog ntau hom kab hom kab mob, cov kab mob muaj peev xwm zoo khaws tau txawm tias nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm + 3 ° C, yog li khaws cia nyob ze cov tubers thaum lub sij hawm cia. Silver scab yog tshwm sim los ntawm fungus Helminthosporium solan, uas nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm qos yaj ywm. Tus tuber yuav khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntev uas tsis qhia qhov tshwj xeeb cov tsos mob ntawm kev xoos, tab sis nws yuav poob qis thiab qhuav tawm. Thawj lub cim ntawm tus kab mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb thinning ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kuj cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog cov tsos ntawm qhov ntxoo silvery thiab xim av.

Hmoov kua kab muas - hom kab mob zoo nkauj, uas ua rau nws tus kheej tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm txoj kev qis zis ntawm nws tus kheej. Aggressively cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm zaub, tab sis kuj cov underground ib feem ntawm lub qia. Thaum khaws cia qos yaj ywm hauv cov chaw ntub dej, txheej txheem ntawm rotting tsim. Thiab nyob rau thaj chaw muaj tus kab mob ntawm tuber, lig blight thiab qhuav rot sai sai. Hmab kua txob hauv av qhuav ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 12-15 ° C yim zoo. Lub neej ntawm tus fungus yog 5 xyoos.

Qhov twg thiab thaum twg?

Cov kab kua qaub nyob hauv cov av, yog li ntawd nws tsis yog tas mus tas li txov nws. Cov kab mob feem ntau yog overwinter hauv cov nplooj poob, thiab lub ncov ntawm kev sib zog ntawm tus kab mob ntog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum nws ua sov thiab ntub sab nraum.

Tsis tas li ntawd, rau qhov kev vam meej ntawm tus kab mob no, tej yam tsis tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb:

1. huab cua kub + 25-30 ° C;
2. xuab zeb, xoob, av qhuav;
3. lub xub ntiag ntawm loj qhov ntau ntawm cov organic fertilizer nyob rau hauv cov av, nyob rau hauv kev humus;
4. alkaline lub ntiaj teb;
5. tsis muaj manganese thiab boron nyob rau hauv cov av, thiab ib qho dhau ntawm calcium thiab nitrogen;
6. cua av tsis txaus tshaj 70%;
7. tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob hauv hauv paus mus rau tus kab mob.

Dab tsi txaus ntshai?

Qos tubers cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal tus kab mob tsis ua mob tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Ntawd yog Yog tias koj noj cov khoom cog rau zaub mov noj, koj tsis tuaj yeem rov mus rau tsev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, seb nws yuav zoo ua noj yog lwm lo lus nug.

Scab - ib qho tsis tshwm sim uas txo cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm qos yaj ywm, nws loses ib qho tseem ceeb npaum li cas ntawm starch. Kuj ua kom cov txheej txheem khaws cia hauv paus thiab ua rau cov qaug. Scab yog qhov ua rau poob qoob loo, poob ntawm kev nthuav qhia, kis cov qoob loo, cuam tshuam cov tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau lwm cov kab mob.

Cov kev cai dab qhuas yog dab tsi?

Fungal kab mob yog tsis tsuas yog ib tug kab mob ntawm zaub cov qoob loo, tab sis kuj lub ntsiab yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv lub vaj. Pathogens muaj feem xyuam rau:

• qos yaj ywm;
• beetroot;
• carrots;
• citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• txiv apples;
• pears;
• cherries;
• txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• sab hauv nroj tsuag.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws kev puas tsuaj no tus kab mob coj mus rau qos yaj ywm, apples, pears, worsening lawv tsos thiab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus kab mob fungal nyob rau hauv txhua qhov teeb meem yog txawv. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim ua rau kub siab tshaj plaws.

Yuav ua li cas mus xyuas?

Cov tsos ntawm tus kab mob no yog sau tseg nyob rau tubers, qia, nplooj, thiab txawm paj.

Cov kab mob microscopic cuam tshuam lub tev thiab zoo nkaus li tsaus qhuav me ntsis, tsis kaj siab kov. Raws li tus kab mob vam meej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua deformed, cov nplooj ua qaug zog thiab poob tawm prematurely.

Tu siab, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm tus kab mob yog xyaum tsis tau kuaj. Nws yuav lees paub tias tsuas yog tom qab kev khawb li lub qos tubers los ntawm hauv av.

Scab nquag muaj kev vam meej nyob hauv ntub, huab cua txias. Qhov no yog vim yog qhov tseeb tias cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov fungus loj hlob hauv cov kua nruab deg, qhov twg, tom qab lub swb ntawm ib tug tuber, nws kis mus rau lwm tus txog thaum txhua yam mob.

Diam duab

Hauv daim duab koj tuaj yeem pom qhov zoo ntawm qos tubers cuam tshuam los ntawm scab.

Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab tawm tsam

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas scab tau thiab yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Rau qhov no, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm hauv paus qoob loo.

Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau?

1. Rau kev cog qoob loo xaiv ib qib ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab tsim nyog rau cov cheeb tsam ntawm koj cheeb tsam.
2. Ua ntej cog, lub tubers yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob cog.
3. Khaws qos yaj ywm hauv qhov chaw txias thiab qhuav.
4. Yuav kom tshuaj lom lub noob ntawm hauv paus nrog muaj zog tshuaj. Piv txwv, Maxim, Fitosporin, Polycarbotsin.
5. Sim hloov qhov chaw cog qos yaj ywm. Tom qab tag nrho, pathogens tau nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw txog li 5 xyoos.
6. Tsis txhob cog qos yaj ywm hauv lub vaj, qhov twg lawv loj hlob carrots, beets, vim hais tias lawv kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tus kab mob no.
7. Tom qab nkag thiab thaum lub sij hawm flowering, lub bushes yog tiav nrog Epin thiab Zircon kev loj hlob stimulants.
8. Nyob rau hauv cov av ua ntej cog tsis ntxiv tshiab manure.

Yuav ua li cas kho lub ntiaj teb?

Tom qab harvesting qos yaj ywm, nyob rau hauv lub Autumn lub txaj yuav tsum cog nrog siderata, uas yuav tsum tau siv raws li mustard, legumes los yog cereals.

Lawv yog cov antiseptic thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv kev luam ntawm pathogenic fungi, tiv thaiv cov qoob loo ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm teeb meem kab.

Thaum lub synderates loj hlob los ntawm kwv yees li 20 cm - qhov chaw yog dug li, sib tov lub sprouts nrog rau hauv av. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav koj muaj peev xwm sprinkle mustard hmoov av.

Txij li thaum scab hlob zoo nyob rau hauv alkaline xau nrog ib tug tsis manganese thiab boron. Yog li ntawd, nws yog pom zoo kom ntxiv cov nram qab no hom pob zeb hauv av chiv rau cov av nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav:

• ammonium sulfate;
• superphosphate;
• Kalimagnezia;
• tooj liab sulfate;
• manganese sulphate;
• boric acid.

Ntau yam yog cov resistant mus rau tus kab mob thiab phytophthora

Yog tias, thaum pom tag nrho cov kev hais saum toj no, tsis muaj kev sib tw, ces koj yuav tsum hloov cov qos yaj ywm ntau thiab xaiv ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntau dua rau qhov chaw mos. Piv txwv li:

1. Bronitsky qib. Qhov no yog qos yaj ywm yog kev txaus siab rau nws tsis kam mus rau scab, alternariosis, dub ceg. Nws muaj cov cwj pwm zoo heev. Zoo tag nrho rau french fries. Cov xim ntawm lub pulp yog dawb. Tsim tau yog 350-550 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Fruit luj txog 100 gram. Ripening lub sij hawm 80-85 hnub.
2. Alena yog ib qho kev ua si thaum ntxov. Tus duab ntawm tuber yog npawv. Cov xim yog liab. Cov nqaij dawb yog dawb. Qhov ntau yam kuj tsis raug mus rau qos cancer, yog tsis ntshai ntawm drought, tab sis yog tsawg resistant mus lig blight. Zoo rau frying txheej txheem. Tsim tau yog 170-100 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 87-156 grams. Ripening lub sij hawm 60-70 hnub.
3. Daus Dawb sredneranny qos yaj ywm. Differs nyob rau hauv zoo heev zoo, tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob. Nws muaj ib lub zoo tsos: dawb tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag me heev. Tsim tau yog 160-250 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 65-117 grams. Ripening lub sij hawm 70-80 hnub.
4. Kev pabcuam - Qhov no yog zoo heev rau nws endurance. Nws tolerates drought, yog resistant mus rau tus kab mob thiab mechanical kev puas tsuaj. Nws qab qab zoo. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub teeb daj. Tsim tau yog 400-450 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Fruit luj txog 100 gram. Ripening lub sij hawm 80-85 hnub.
5. Tempo - lig zaub ntau yam. Tus duab ntawm tubers yog puag ncig, ca. Cov xim yog lub teeb daj nrog creamy nqaij. Nqa thiab thauj zoo. Zoo saj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam rau mashed qos yaj ywm. Productivity yog 550 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 80-130 grams. Maturation term yog 120-130 hnub.

1. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav - ntau yam superearly. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm no zaub: high tawm los, zoo saj cov yam ntxwv, yuav luag tsis raug fungal kab mob. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav muaj ib lub voj voos ntawm tubers thiab lub teeb liab tsos nqaij daim tawv. Cov nqaij dawb yog dawb. Tsim tau yog 320-400 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 80-130 grams. Ripening lub sij hawm 70-75 hnub.
2. Nevsky - qib ntsuas los ntawm lub sijhawm. Nws yog delicious, tsim, muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo. Lub tuber yog txawm thiab tus, tus duab yog oblong, xim yog lub teeb daj. Cov nqaij yog dawb, thiab tsis tau blacken rau ib lub sij hawm ntev. Tsim tau yog 250-350 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 80-130 grams. Ripening lub sij hawm 75-85 hnub.
3. Red scarlett txhob txwm ua li lub npe. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ci ntsa iab, zoo nkauj, zoo li qub. Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog liab, lub qhov muag yog me me. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog lub teeb daj. Nws muaj qhov ntev cia zoo. Tsim tau yog 250-550 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 80-120 gram. Ripening lub sij hawm 75-90 hnub.
4. Hmoov zoo lwm yam uas haum rau nws lub npe. Nws yog ib tug thaum ntxov, high-yielding, tuag taus, tsis nws cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kwv tij Oval tubers thiab daj skinned. Tsim tau ntawm 300-550 kg ntawm 100 sq.m. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav txog 120-150 gram. Ripening lub sij hawm 60-70 hnub.

Nrog rau tag nrho cov lus pom zoo thiab kev ntsuas ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom tshem tawm tau tus kab mob nyob rau hauv 2-3 xyoo. Txawm li cas los, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sau cia tias thaum cog resistant ntau yam, tiv thaiv tillage yuav tsum tseem yuav ua. Yog li, muab koj tus kheej nrog qos yaj ywm rau tag nrho lub xyoo.