Txhua tus neeg tu vaj xav kom tau txais ib txoj kev zoo siab thiab siab zoo, tiam sis tsis tas nws puv. Ntau zaus zaub raug tawm tsam los ntawm kab tsuag lossis cuam tshuam los ntawm kab mob.
Cov qoob loo muaj cov teeb meem no, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov teeb meem ntawm lub vaj thiab yuav tsum tau ntsuas los daws lawv.
Ua rau daj parsley qhib hauv av
Thaum loj hlob parsley tau ntsib nrog qhov teeb meem ntawm nws yellowing.
Qhov no yuav yog vim muaj ntau yam:
- tsis muaj ya raws lossis cov khoom kaus hniav;
- qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob;
- kab puas ua kom puas.
Cia peb kuaj xyuas cov lus qhia ntxiv ob lub ntsiab lus.
Nqe lus piav qhia ntawm cov kab mob parsley
Muaj ntau yam kab mob parsley yog cov tsos mob xws li cov tsos mob zoo sib xws, yog li nws yuav nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas tus kab mob. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov ntau tshaj.
Koj puas paub? F. Miller hauv nws lub "Gardener's Dictionary" (1805) hu ua parsley "lub siab ntawm cov noog me me." Nws kuj tau hais tias nws ua rau nws lub qhov muag pom kev thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab.
Mealy dew
Ib hom mob fungal uas cuam tshuam txhua qhov ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nws cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog:
- tsiag ntawv los ntawm cov tsos dawb ntawm cov quav hniav, uas yog ib qho cuav me me;
- tsim ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev, hloov cov xim ntawm mycelium, nws ua tsaus grey;
- propagated los ntawm conidial sporulation;
- qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob yog lub remnants ntawm mob nroj tsuag.
Powdery mildew yog tshwm sim los ntawm fungus Erysiphe umbelliferarum.
Stolbur
Phytoplasma yog tus neeg sawv cev neeg mob, thiab nqa nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm nta nram qab no:
- tsiag ntawv los ntawm chlorosis, uas ua nws tus kheej pib ntawm ntug ntawm nplooj ntoos hniav;
- tag nrho cov nplooj ntoos yog maj raug cuam tshuam;
- thaj chaw uas tshwm sim nws thiaj li dhau los ua liab;
- cov nroj tsuag poob qab hauv txoj kev loj hlob, thiab tom qab dries tawm;
- thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tshwm sim li ib lub hlis tom qab kis kab mob, qhov no tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm Lub Xya Hli lossis pib lub Yim Hli;
- tus kab pathogen tseem nyob hauv cov kab laum hibernating nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab nroj tsuag;
- tus prevalence ntawm tus kab mob nyob ntawm lub tsiv teb tsuam ntawm tsikadok.
Septoria, los yog cov nqaij dawb
Pathology muaj ib tug fungal keeb kwm thiab paub los ntawm tus yam ntxwv nta:
- daj-xim av xim nyob rau txhua qhov chaw (nplooj los yog stems) ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
- tom qab, cov xim ntawm cov pob qis hloov mus rau ib qho-dawb nrog cov xim av tsaus nti;
- nyob rau hauv rau yav tom ntej ua sawv ntawm lesion, lub parsley hloov daj thiab dries;
- ib qho dej siab zoo yog thaj chaw vwm;
- spores persist nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag seem.
Xeb
Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:
- thawj cov pib tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov;
- me ntsis (nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.5 hli) xim daj-xim av nyob tom qab ntawm daim ntawv phaj;
- spotting yuav tawg los yog pawg;
- ntxiv qia thiab qia qis dua;
- qhov lesion tau txais xim xim av thiab ua cov hmoov;
- cov kab lig kev cai hloov daj thiab poob nws qhov saj;
- nyob rau hauv seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag, lub teliospores, uas germinate nyob rau hauv basidium, yog khaws cai. Tus kab mob qog no yog tshwm sim hauv basidiospores.
Qhov ua rau tus kab mob nrog fungus Puccinia petroselini Lindr.
Jaundice
Jaundice yog viral tsuag. Nws kis mus rau ntau haiv neeg thiab kis los ntawm kev luag nyav.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog:
- nplooj daj hlav nplooj daj;
- ntau branching ntawm stems;
- cov hauv paus hniav keeb kwm thib ob keeb kwm zoo li hnov;
- winters nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntawm perennial nroj tsuag.
Ci ntsa iab
Lwm kis tus kab mob, uas yog nqa los ntawm aphid. Pathology tsis tshua pom muaj parsley.
Nws cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog:
- nyob rau theem ntawm 3-4 nplooj ntawv tshwm sim rau curvature thiab shortening ntawm nplooj ntoos petiole;
- nplooj yaus ua me me thiab them nrog chlorosis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib mosaic ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj thiab lub teeb;
- deformation thiab sib ntswg ntawm nplooj yog pom;
- liab liab tej zaum yuav raug saib xyuas hauv cov npoo ntawm chlorosis.
Cov kab mob bacteriosis
Tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob muaj cov tsos mob nram qab no:
- nplooj yog them nrog lub teeb me ntsis;
- dhau sij hawm, qhov muab zais tsaus ntuj;
- cov nplooj tuaj yeem nrog cov slime thiab da dej.
Fomoz
Qhuav xim av yuav tsim tau hauv 2 hom ntawv.
Cov tsos mob nram qab no yog pom ntawm tsob ntoo ntsuab:
- tsaus nti thiab kab mob ntshav liab tshwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm petioles thiab ntawm cov ntsiab lus;
- feem ntau ib qho nplaum nplaum yog tsim rau cov pob;
- tom qab ntawd, cov cheeb tsam uas cuam tshuam los ua grey, qhuav tawm thiab ua taus;
- cuam tshuam qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuag tawm;
- tis tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag khib nyiab thiab noob;
- cov kab zuj zus ntxiv tom ntej no kuj yog thawj tus kab mob kis tau, tab sis tus kab mob sai sai thiab npog cov cheeb tsam loj;
- pathology yog pom nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov - pib ntawm Autumn, xyaum nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij loj hlob;
- dej siab mob - high humidity.
Qhov thib ob daim ntawv ntawm fomoz - paus rot, uas yog twb pom nyob rau hauv lub vaults. Zaub yog npog nrog gray nyuaj siab me ntsis, nyob rau hauv uas yog xim av rotting ntaub yog tsim. Qhov kev nthuav qhia thiab saj ntawm cov khoom yuav tsis zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd txo lub txee lub neej ntawm paus cov qoob loo.
Koj puas paub? Parsley tau siv tsis yog rau kev kho mob lossis ua noj ua haus xwb. Cov Greeks tsiv nws mus rau hauv lub ntees tuag wreaths thiab garlands ntawm tus yeej ntawm kev sib tw kev sib tw. Thiab cov neeg Loos hnoos zoo li cov kab mob no kom tiv thaiv kev qaug cawv thaum lub caij so.
Perinosporosis
Nws cov xeeb ceem nta:
- lub Upper ib feem ntawm nplooj yog tsuas nrog chlorosis;
- spotting acquires ib lub teeb daj, angularity thiab oiliness;
- tom qab, cov pob qoob ua xim av, thiab lawv cov underside yog them nrog ib tug kov ntawm grey-liab doog xim;
- qhov cuam tshuam foliage dries tawm, thiab bushes yog stunted;
- tus kab mob no tau zoo nyob rau hauv huab cua ntub nrog kub li ntawm 15 + ... 20 ° S;
- Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kis kab mob yog qhov tseem nyob ntawm cov parsley.
Downy mildew yog ib hom kab mob fungal.
Kev piav qhia ntawm parsley pests
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kab mob, parsley yog rog los ntawm pests. Cia peb hu xov tooj mus tshaj tawm.
Carrot listobloshka
Cov teeb ntsuab me kab no muaj cov teebmeem nram qab no:
- cog qoob loo ua zaub mov rau cov khoom noj rau cov neeg laus thiab lawv cov menyuam;
- nplooj yog deformed thiab curled;
- ntawv rosette acquires terry;
- tom qab foliage fades thiab ntog;
- cov hauv paus nqaij pib ua nyuaj, poob lawv lub qab thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qia Nematode
Cov kab no feem ntau pom muaj hauv dos thiab qej, tab sis nws cuam tshuam muaj parsley zoo li.
Nematode thiab nws cov larvae noj rau ntawm kua txiv ntawm ntsim kab lis kev cai, ua rau tshwm sim hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob:
- nplooj nplooj daj thiab tuag mus;
- bushes yog stunted;
- dawb filiform worms multiply los ntawm tso tawm larvae nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg mob. Thaum lub bushes tuag tawm, lub larva mus rau hauv av mus nrhiav rau ib tug tshiab zaub qoob loo.
Carrot ya
Nws yog ib tug me me (txog 5 mm) kab, nrog ib tug plab dub nrog ib tug greenish tint, daj paws thiab ib lub taub hau daj-xim av.
Nws cuam tshuam yuav luag tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai:
- nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm May lays qe nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm;
- lub larvae penetrate hauv paus system, ua rau nws nrog ib tug ntau ntau ntawm txav, tom qab pupating rau hauv av;
- Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, thib ob tiam ntawm kab tshwm, thiab txhua yam repeats. Cov no larvae, pupated, lub caij ntuj no hauv av;
- corroded paus cov qoob loo ua woody thiab ua unsuitable rau cia, thiab nplooj maj tau ib tug reddish-liab hue, tig daj thiab qhuav tawm;
- tus ya prefers mas moist chaw.
Gourd aphid
Qhov no kab cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog melons thiab gourds, tab sis kuj parsley. Nws muaj qhov me me (1.2-1.8 hli) thiab xim ntawm daj kom luag dub.
Nws larvae thiab cov neeg laus cov neeg sawv cev, ua nyob rau sab hauv lub qhov ntawm nplooj, pub rau nws cov kua txiv hmab txiv.
Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm ib tug Kab Tsuag yog tias kab:
- nqus cov kua txob los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua rau nws qhuav, daj thiab tuag;
- muaj overwintering nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av (nyob rau hauv seem ntawm weeds los yog cultivated nroj tsuag), pib los ntawm Tej zaum mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij nyoog loj hlob, daim ntawv ntau tshaj li 10 tiam;
- yog muaj cov kab mob ntau.
Txoj kev los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Yuav kom tua cov kab thiab cov kab mob uas siv cov tshuaj kho los yog tshuaj yeeb tshuaj.
Txoj kev haiv neeg
Nrog lub yeej ntawm parsley tley thov kev pab nram qab no folk:
- nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub yuav tsum tsuag lub bushes nrog dej;
- es tsis txhob siv dej, koj tuaj yeem siv Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm qej, lws suav los yog qos yaj ywm, dos taum, tansy los yog wormwood. Rau ib qho infusion noj txog 400 g ntawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas teev tseg thiab ncuav ib thoob ntawm boiling dej. Insist hnub, tom qab uas ntxiv 40 g ntawm xab npum. Siv 2-3 kev kho mob nrog rau lub caij nyoog ntawm 4 hnub;
- yog hais tias aphids tsis ntau heev, koj muaj peev xwm tshuaj tsuag parsley nrog soapy dej (40 g ib thoob dej);
- Golden-eyed thiab ladybugs txo tus naj npawb ntawm aphids.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Marigold, coriander, mint, qej lossis basil cog tom ntej mus rau parsley yuav tiv thaiv qhov tsos thiab kev luam ntawm ntau cov pests.
Nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam carrot fly thov:
- ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb nrog naphthalene (9: 1) yog tawg nyob rau hauv lub txaj thaum lub sij hawm cog;
- inter-row sprinkled nrog ntoo tshauv lossis dub kua txob;
- lub hauv paus cog qoob loo kom tsis muaj teeb meem kab.
Nws yog nyuaj kom tau tshem ntawm carrots nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem txoj kev.
Koj tuaj yeem sim cov cuab yeej nram qab no:
- txheej txheem luam yeeb;
- tsuag dej nrog xab npum (40 g ib thoob dej);
- sau thiab rhuav tshem kab tsuag.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub qia nematode, koj siv tau cov nram qab no infusions:
- Grind 1 kg ntawm calendula thiab ncuav ib thoob ntawm dej sov, insist 2 hnub thiab thov rau watering los yog tshuaj tsuag.
- Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm dos brew noj 0.5 kg ntawm dos, ncuav ib thoob dej thiab insist hnub. Dej txog 3 zaug nrog ib lub limtiam so.
- Siv 300 g ntawm paj thiab nplooj ntawm nasturtium, ncuav 5 liv dej, insist hnub. Siv rau watering, thiab raws li yav dhau los Txoj kev lis ntshav.
Peb pom zoo kom kawm tau li cas cog zaub txhwb qaib kom loj hlob sai.
Pej xeem tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam parsley kab mob yog tsis siv, tab sis koj tseem sim:
- Thaum powdery mildew tau tshuaj tsuag lub bushes nrog ib tug daws ntawm 1 tbsp. l dej qab zib nrog 0.5 tsp. kua xab npum rau 4 liv dej. Kev ua yog kwv yees txog 3 zaug nrog lub lim tiam. Los yog npaj ib tug daws ntawm whey, diluted nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1:10.
- Thaum kis tau nrog powdery mildew (peronosporosis), ib qho tshuaj tov (3 l) + 1 tsp siv. tooj liab sulphate nyob rau hauv 7 liv dej. Parsley yuav tsum tau kho nrog tus neeg sawv cev no.
- Xej kev puas tsuaj yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntau.
Them sai sai! Yuav kom txo qhov yuav ua tau ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lwm tus cultivation ntawm parsley nrog txiv lws suav, legumes thiab beets.
Tshuaj ua
Rau ntau yam kab mob siv tshuaj:
- nrog septoria Txoj kev kho no yog siv nrog "Energen" (20 tee ib ntawm 1 l dej) thaum pib ntawm lub Xya Hli, thiab rov ua dua tom qab 10 hnub. Koj kuj tseem siv tau "Nyiaj" raws li cov lus qhia;
- los ntawm septoria Kev kho 2 xuab moos ntawm cov nroj tsuag me nrog 0.5% tooj liab oxide los sis 1% tooj dej sulfate yuav pab tau (lub caij nyoog hauv cov kev kho mob yog li 3 lub lis piam);
- thaum pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob bacteriosis tshwm, tshuaj xws li Planriz lossis TMTD yog siv raws li cov lus qhia;
- ob txoj kev kho mob nrog 1% bordeaux kua (nrog ib ntus ntawm 10 hnub) yog nqa tawm nrog cov tsos mob ntawm fomoz;
- nrog xeb fungicides "Topaz", "Baktofit", "Fitosporin-M" raws li cov lus qhia. Qhov kev kho mob thawj zaug yog thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim, thiab rov ua dua - hauv 1-2 lub lis piam;
- nrog cov powdery mildew cov tsos mob Cov fungicides "Bayleton" lossis "Fundazol" yog siv raws li pob ntawv sau.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum kho cov nroj tsuag nrog tshuaj koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov zaub ntsuab yuav tsum tsis txhob noj. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus qhia kom paub thaum twg cov zaub txhwb qaib siv tau.
Chemistry tseem xyaum khiav tawm hauv cov nroj tsuag tua kab hauv nroj tsuag:
- nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam aphids zoo li "Fitoverm-1" (5 ml ib 5 liters dej), Pharm (1 ntsiav tshuaj rau 10 liters dej sov), Karbofos (60 g ib 10 liters dej), thiab cov av faj seeb hauv av. Tom qab ua cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ntshaw kom npog cov zaj duab xis rau ib hnub, qhov no yuav pab ua kom puas tag nrho cov kab tsuag;
- Listobloshka pov tseg thaum txau cov tshuaj "Tsaus" lossis "Fitoverm". Thawj cov kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv Tej zaum (qhov loj saib ntawm kab), thiab thib ob nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj (qhov zoo li ntawm larvae). Listobloshki overwinter on coniferous nroj tsuag, yog li nws yog xav tau los mus ua lawv (thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lig Autumn) "Karbofos" (60 g ib 10 liv dej);
- mus tua ib tug zaub ntug hauv av Cov tshuaj xws li Inta-Vir, Decis lossis Vega siv. Cov kev kho yog raug muab tshem tawm hauv lub Tsib Hlis (tso lub sij hawm);
- cov khoom uas muaj mercaptophos lossis phosphamide yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam nematode. Cov kev npaj zoo li no yog "BI-58", "Dimethoat" thiab "Rogor". Ua ntej siv, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem cov ntsiab lus.
Yees duab: Txheeb tshuaj lom neeg rau cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab thiab kab mob
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas
Yuav kom parsley txaus siab nrog lawv cov tsos, tau six thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm pests thiab cov kab mob, koj yuav tsum tau xyaum tiv thaiv kev ntsuas:
- sow resistant ntau yam (Fresco, Natalka, Titan los yog Element);
- siv xwb noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj noob qoob loo zoo rau sowing;
- coj noob disinfection. Txog rau thaum kawg, lawv ntub dej sov (+ 45 ... + 48 ° C) dej rau 20 feeb. Koj tuaj yeem thov lub 1.5% ntawm cov kua dej uas muaj potassium (muab tsau rau 20 feeb thiab yaug dej);
- cog rau hauv av zoo zoo, nyob rau hauv cov txaj aerated tawm ntawm cov kabmob cog qoob loo;
- ua raws li cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo (hloov nrog txiv lws suav, beets los yog legumes) thiab qhov chaw nyob rau tib qho chaw tsis tshaj li ntawm 3 xyoos;
- cog tom qab txiv lws suav, qhwv cabbage, cucumbers los yog peas;
- rhuav tshem cov nroj tsuag thiab cov nroj tsuag seem (cov kab mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob yuav ua tsis tau);
- fertilize nrog potash thiab phosphorus dressings. Acidic xau chill;
- thin tawm cov qoob loo tuab (hauv theem 2 ntawm cov ntawv txheeb);
- ua tim khawm thiab loosening;
- cov qoob loo cov qoob loo yog lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm kub kub mus rau + 5 ° C.
