Leej twg muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub magnificence ntawm luxurious flowering Kua orchard. Thiab txhua tus neeg laus thiab tus me nyuam paub txog cov nplua nuj aroma thiab tshiab saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.
No cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwj xeeb no tau muab khaws cia rau lub caij ntuj no thiab ua kom peb lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob hauv lub caij ntuj so.
Thiab yog hais tias koj teem tawm los cog ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo orchard, ces koj yuav tsum noj nws tiag, vim hais tias nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv hauv kev saj, tsos, ripening lub sij hawm, degree ntawm cia, aroma thiab hom kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam climatic.
Cia peb pib nrog kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam. Qhov loj tshaj plaws koj yuav tsum them sai sai yog lub sij hawm sau rau txiv apples. Tag nrho ntau yam ntawm apples yuav muab faib ua peb lub ntsiab hom - lub caij ntuj sov, Autumn thiab lub caij ntuj no txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Xav txog lawv nyob rau hauv ntau yam. Thawj tsim nyog ntawm kev xav, ntawm chav kawm, yog lub caij ntuj sov apples. Tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav sib tw nrog saj thiab vitamin zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj. Cov me nyuam pib ua cov khoom noj khoom haus thawj zaug nrog lawv, cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg mob zoo siab siv lawv daim ntawv ci, thiab muaj ntau tus ntxhais tau hnov txog kev noj haus zoo.
Li ntawd, lub caij ntuj sov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xws li "Melba", "Antonovka Zolotaya", "Bello poured", "Candy", thiab lwm yam.
Kua ntau "Dawb filling"
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub Kua ntawm no hom yog heterogeneous thiab tsis loj heev loj. Nyob rau hauv cov laus, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kua ua me me hauv qhov hnyav. Cov txiv apples no muaj cov ribbing tangible. Tshwj xeeb nrog cov txiv tsawb loj loj ib qho ua tau soj ntsuam peb-sidedness. Qhov no ntau yam yuav txawv los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug palpable quav ntawm tev, qhov thiaj li hu seam. Lawv saj qab zib thiab qaub., xim - ntsuab thiab daj.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub txiv puv kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov txiv av qab kis tau xim dawb, thiab cov nqaij ua kua, heterogeneous, nrog cov me me thiab ib daig-dawb xim (li lub npe).
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov ruaj khov heev nyob rau ntawm cov ceg ntoo, da dej tas li noj moth. Qhov no ntau yam ua tsis tau overripevim hais tias ces cov nqaij pib qhuav thiab qee cov hmoov tsis qab. Cov tub ntxhais hluas "yug me nyuam" txhua xyoo thiab yog cov xeeb ntxwv uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj.
Cov laus dua cov kua ntoo, lub me me txiv apples thiab cov qoob loo ua rau lub caij nyoog. Qoob loo raug muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv hnub kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev npaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, me nyuam puree, confiture, thiab txawm tias npaj rau caw.
Cov kua dej los ntawm ntau yam no muaj kev nce cov catechin, ascorbic acid (21.9 mg / 100g), muaj 95 suab thaj, 0.97% titrated acids, 10% pectin tshuaj thiab 209 mg / 100g - P-nquag sib txuas. Lub sij hawm ntawm cia ntawm no ntau yam yog tsawg, tsuas yog 2-3 lub lim piam. Vim hais tias ntawm nyias daim tawv nqaij on uas, nyob rau hauv lub slightest lub tshuab, me ntsis tshwm - qhov no muaj ntau yam uas tsis muaj kev thauj.
Kua ntoo hlob zoo qis, sib txawv hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab dav dav "cap". Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg, nws acquires ib tug sib npaug puab. Lub hauv paus loj ntawm cov ceg ntoo no yog lub teeb txho hauv cov xim; tua tau xim av-txiv ntseej thiab hnyav hnyav. Buds yog me, greyish, flattened.
Nplooj yog opaque, grey-ntsuab, oval-puab. Dawb Bloom nrog ib tug zoo nkauj liab sheen, lub paj lawv tus kheej yog cov loj heev, saucer-puab.
Lub ntsiab zoo yog tias cov kua ntoo sai sai no thov koj nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripe. Nws muaj ib tug zoo kuj tsis raug mus rau Frost thiab xws li ib tug kab mob ntawm cov ntoo raws li leafy thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo scab.
Feem ntau cov teeb meem loj muaj xws li tsis muaj kev thauj mus los ntawm ntau yam, hloov nyob rau hauv tsos thiab saj ntawm lub slightest ceev los yog feem. Cov kev hloov hauv saj cov cim thaum lub sij hawm overriding, qhov no ntau tsis muaj ib tug topcoat nyob rau hauv apples, thiab tsis muaj periodicity nyob rau hauv fruiting. Qhov no ntau ntawm Kua tsis nyiam plots nrog hnyav av.
Tham nrog lub sij hawm ntev txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev saib xyuas rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Dawb filling" tsis muaj nqis rau nws. Muaj ntau tsawg tsawg xwb. Tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog zoo thiab tu kom zoo li 3-4 xyoo txij li lub sijhawm cog qoob loo, nrog rau lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob nce tus nqi ntawm cov qoob loo.
Lub tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yuav ua tsaug rau koj kom zoo nkauj yog hais tias koj muab nws nrog kho tiv thaiv tawm tsam scab thiab li niaj zaus rejuvenation ntawm ceg. Txhua tus sau yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb ua ke, thaum sim tsis txhob puas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Hais txog Kua ntau yam "Melba"
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam, tsis zoo li lwm lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam paub rau peb, tsim ib tug heev nplua nuj sau txhua xyoo thiab abundantly. Cov txiv apples yog cov ciav hlau loj, ncig, kev sib haum xeeb zoo, lawv tuaj yeem hu ua zoo nkauj. Lawv cov tawv nqaij yog lub teeb ntsuab nrog pinkish, striped blush. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog kev sib tw, dawb, nrog caramel tsw.
Cov no Cov ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yog cov qoob loo heev. Ripening "Melba" nyob rau hauv hnub kawg ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj. Tsis pub ntau tshaj 30 hnub, thiab neeg muaj txiaj ntsim tshwm sim 10 hnub tom qab sau qoob. Yog hais tias Melba txiv apples yog ntev dua, ces cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo poob lawv cov saj, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, cov vitamin tivthaiv.
Qhov no ntau yam yog zoo meej rau seaming rau lub caij ntuj no compotes thiab juices, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab saj.
Melba cov ntoo yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj zog branching thiab xim av-liab xim ntawm bark. Tus tua yog ntawm nruab nrab thickness thiab Cherry kob bark, thiab nplooj yog ib lub teeb ntsuab-daj tsos nqaij daim tawv. Cov nplooj yog nyob rau ntawm ib ceg ntau nyob ze rau txhua tus, yog tias koj saib zoo, koj tuaj yeem pom cov nplooj saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm ib leeg.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov yas qoob loo, raws li lawv loj tuaj, nws yuav hloov. Sib txawv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Frost tsis kam. Cov ntoo tsis tuaj yeem hu ua siab, es lawv yog qhov nruab nrab qhov siab.
Cov paj no zoo nkauj, loj, dawb thiab liab dawb, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom ib lub paj yeeb. Pib ntawm fruiting pib twb nyob rau hauv lub thib 3 xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob. Tab sis qhov ntau thiab zoo ntawm cov qoob loo nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv lub vaj.
Meej mom. Kev loj hlob zoo thoob plaws hauv Russia. Muab ceev ceev, siab yield. Zoo heev saj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tsis tau khaws cia yog khaws cia hauv lub tub yees kom txog li 2 lub hlis.
Disadvantages. Qhov no tsi muaj kua yog txaus tsis zoo pollinated. Yog li ntawd, kom nce lub tawm los, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm pollination ntxiv. Kev ntxim yuav muaj kab mob qis tshaj plaws. Cov ntoo qub hlob dais fruit cyclically, yog li ntawd lawv sai sai ua tsis zoo.
Cov kua ntoo no xav tau kev pab ntxiv, vim hais tias muaj qaug zog ntawm kev kis mob kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub caij nquag rains. Thaum lub sij hawm loj heev frosts, lub bark feem ntau suffers los ntawm mob burns, yog li koj yuav tsum saib xyuas ntawm cov ntoo tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
Nws kuj yog nthuav los nyeem txog ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo rau Northwest.
Kua ntau "Antonovka zolotaya"
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Antonovka Golden yog txawv los ntawm lawv cov nplua nuj aroma thiab greenish-daj tsos nqaij daim tawv. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv apples yog round, thiab qhov hnyav ncav 250 g. Lub cev nqaij tawv yog muaj kua qaub, qab zib-qab zib, tab sis sweeter dua Antonovka zoo tib yam thiab muaj ib qho zoo kawg nkaus saj. Tus sau yog npaj txhij mus rau harvested nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, uas qhia no ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo ua kua rau thaum ntxov ripening.
Cov ntoo ntawm cov ntau yam no muaj peev xwm yuav txawv los ntawm ib tug heev sprawling crown thiab es loj hlob. Lub qia yog luv luv thiab tuab. Lub kua ntoo pib tawg heev thaum ntxov, thiab los ntawm lub caij ntawm flowering sau nws yuav siv sij hawm tsuas yog 3 lub hlis. Lub paj phaj paj yog tob thiab ribbed, lub khob yog ib nrab-kaw. Kua ntoo ntawm no ntau yam tolerates txias heev.
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm no ntau yam yog heev tsis kam mus rau scab thiab ib qho zoo heev ntawm lub caij ntuj no tsis kam. Cov qib yield yog zoo nkauj xwb.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsis zoo tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsuas yog 5-6 xyoothiab qee zaum qhov 7th. Ua ntej harvesting, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib crumble.
Cov av nyob rau lub cev rau cog ntau yam no yuav tsum tau txawv los ntawm cov dej zoo thiab cov huab cua permeability. Cov kua hauv cov ntoo no tsis kam txais cov av qeeg thiab cov pob zeb tawv. Txoj kev tsim ntawm lub yas nyob rau hauv chav kawm no yuav tsum raug muab tawm txhua xyoo, txwv tsis pub tsob ntoo yuav tsis pom zoo li no high yield thiab lub caij ntuj no hardiness, raws li peb xav.
Tseem nco ntsoov tias qhov no ntau yam nyiam cov cheeb tsam zoo. Tag nrho cov nta ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm xws li ntoo muaj nyob rau hauv nws.
Sweet ntau yam "Khoom qab zib"
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tsob ntoo kua "Candy" yog suav hais tias yog tus nqi zog-cov neeg muaj npe nyob hauv lawv cov yeeb yam. Qhov no ntau yam tshwm sim raws li ib tug ntawm kev hla ntawm ob zoo kawg thiab Kua-ntoo "Korobovki" thiab "Pappirovki". Cov txiv av qab zib muaj ib daim ntawv hloov txhua yam. Nyob rau hauv cov xim, lawv yog daj ntseg daj nrog pinkish blush thiab ib tug zoo nkauj ci qauv thoob plaws daim tawv nqaij.
Cov nqaij yog qab heev, khoom noj qab zib thiab muaj kua, xim nplaum xim thiab nplua. Lub tsob ntoo pib pib ua kom zoo siab nrog nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm nruab nrab Lub Xya Hli mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Lub txee lub neej ntawm sau nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias rau txog 3-4 lub lim piam.
Cov ntoo tsis muaj cov kab mob zoo heev thiab tiv thaiv nruab nrab mus rau qhov chaw mos. Qee lub sij hawm, tsuas yog tshiab tsim buds tsis muaj peev xwm withstand lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts. Lub crown yog zoo nkauj heev, tuab thiab sib npaug. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob li 5 meters ntawm qhov siab, thiab lawv pib ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum ntxov, feem ntau twb nyob rau hauv xyoo thib 3, nrog kev kho mob, muab ib qho zoo heev sau ib zaug.
Kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm hom no yog siab heev skoroplodnost thiab cim qab zib. Cov ntoo no loj hlob tuaj txawm tias tsis zoo heev-rau thaj chaw thiab zoo siab rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws sau. Cons - periodicity ntawm tawm los thiab tsis zoo heev tsis kam mus rau scab.
Lub nuances ntawm kev saib xyuas. Cov ntoo no, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov ntoo hauv av, kev hlub fertilized thiab xoob av. Nrog zoo pruning thiab nqa tawm zoo ntsuas los tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab cov pests, muab ib qho zoo heev sau. Lawv yuav tsum tau raws sij hawm dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab loosening ntawm lub voj voog nyob ze, uas yuav cia cua mus rau cov cag yooj yim dua.
Tam sim no nws yog lub lem mus xav txog lub caij nplooj zeeg ntau.
Autumn ntau yam tsim nyog rau cheeb tsam Moscow xws li "Autumn joy", "Cinnamon striped", "Liberty", thiab lwm yam.
Kua ntoo ntau yam "Autumn joy"
Kua ntoo "Caij nplooj zeeg kaj siab" siv nws cov hauv paus hniav ntawm "Cinnamon striped".
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo no yuav tsis cia koj tsis paub. Nws xav tsis thoob nrog nws cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, khoom noj qab zib ntawm qab zib-qaub khoom qab zib thiab ntsim cinnamon ntsev. Nyhav ntawm cov txiv apples txawv ntawm 110 mus rau 135 g, uas cia lawv mus ntaus nqi rau qhov nruab nrab loj.
Cov duab ntawm lub kua muaj peev xwm raug hu ua cone-puab thiab me ntsis npawv. Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog golden-ntsuab, nrog ib tug qhia tau ntsej mua nce ntshav liab. Lub qia yog ntawm medium ntev, me ntsis extending tshaj li tus sawv ntawm lub funnel, thickened.
Cov noob yog me, thiab lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog dawb nrog ib lub tinge cream. Tus sau yog npaj txhij rau sau nyob rau hauv hnub kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj., thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias tsuas yog 30-45 hnub.
Fruiting ntoo pib ntawm 4-5 xyoo los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm tsaws. Productivity yog siab heev, txawm nyob rau hauv cov laus txiv ntoo ntoo ntawm 20 xyoo.
Qhov no ntau yam muaj ntau yam zoo - nws yog ib tug heev nplua nuj txhua xyoo fruitfulness, zoo tsis kam mus rau scab, zoo tsis kam mus rau lub caij ntuj no frosts.
Thiab ob peb drawbacks - ib tug qaug zog theem ntawm branching ceg, lub fragility ntawm ntoo ntawm cov ntoo hluas, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm skeletal ceg ntawm ib qho kev mob kaum.
Nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm no tsob ntoo yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm lwm yam tsiaj. Nws yuav tsum tau raws sij hawm thiab txhim kho kom raws caij nyoog rau xyoo mus rau lub xyoo, nrog rau chiv nrog chiv hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub voj voog ze, qis dej txaus thaum lub caij cog qoob loo thiab fruitfulness.
Txawm hais tias qhov no Kua tsob ntoo tuaj yeem tiv taus scab, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog lwm yam kab tsuag. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov poob nplooj, tainted txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab pruned ceg yog raug yuav tsum tau hlawv. Nws tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj thiab muaj cuab kav ua rau lub hauv paus ntoo.
Kua ntau "Cinnamon striped"
Cov cinnamon striped ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo ntoo yog ib qho ntawm ob peb uas tau tshwm sim, tsis yog xaiv.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv me me thiab ib daim ntawv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv apples yog 140 g. Daim tawv nqaij yog tus, me ntsis dryish, glossy, nrog whitish subcutaneous me ntsis. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm ripening, lub apples muaj xim ntsuab nrog ib tug liab liab qauv, thiab tom qab sau, lawv cov tawv nqaij daj.
Qhov loj ntawm qia yog zoo. On lub thoob plaws saucer yog tsib tseem ceeb tubercles. Podchashechnaya tube conical puab.
Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog zoo nkauj, qab zib, muaj kua, nrog ib tug me ntsis cinnamon tsw thiab ib me ntsis qaub, daj, tej zaum pinkish nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nyob rau hnub kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj - thawj hnub ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Nrog kev sib sau thiab cia, cov no apples yuav Delight koj kom txog thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no.
Cov ntoo ntawm cov tsiaj no muaj lub chic branched crown, ncav cuag ib qho kev loj hlob zoo heev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los cog rau lawv hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib thaj chaw loj. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov kab ua lag luam dav dav, thiab cov ntoo loj - thoob plaws, sib npaug, nrog cov ceg ntog.
Nplooj npog yog heev tsawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qis ib feem ntawm tsob ntoo. Cov ceg yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv cov subtlety, thiab tua yog ntawm medium tuab. Leaflets elongated grayish los yog daj ntseg ntsuab ntxoov. Buds me me, sib npaug, nrog me me fibers.
Kua ntoo blooms zoo nkauj heev, daj ntseg liab, mos xim, lub paj lawv tus kheej yog me me. Raws li lub degree ntawm tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob, qhov no ntau yam yuav ntaus nqi mus rau nruab nrab. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm tsob ntoo yog nkig, feem ntau ua rau pob txha ntawm pob tw.
Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm hom no muaj xws li txias heev ua hauj. Txawm hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ntau heev frosts, lub Kua ntoo muaj ib qho siab qhia ntawm stability, tsuas yog 0.4 ntsiab lus ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ib tug 5-point system. Raws li tau zoo li lub ncuav mog qab zib saj thiab cinnamon qab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb disadvantages yog lig dhau ntawm pib ntawm fruiting. Qee zaum nws tsuas tshwm sim thaum 10 xyoo tom qab tsaws. Nrog kev tu zoo, cov qoob loo yuav tua tau 7 xyoo. Cov qib yield kuj tseem tsawg. Tias yog vim li cas no kua ntau yam tsis tshua muaj zus rau kev lag luam.
Qee qhov kev zov me nyuam. Kev paub gardeners cog no ntau yam nyob rau hauv kom zoo zoo fertilized xau nrog zoo kua, uas, Ntxiv mus, kuj yog siab los ntawm high humidity.
Tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau txhua xyoo cov pob txha, thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kab tsuag. Kev ua raws li cov kev kho mob ntawm no yuav pab kom nce thawj thawj zaug. Nws yog qhov no ntawm cov kua uas pib lub hauv paus rau kev cog qoob loo xws li "Autumn Joy", "Young Naturalist" thiab txawm ntau tshaj 20 Frost-resistant ntau yam.
Lub caij ntuj no ntau yam ntawm apples, peb xav txog nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no tsab xov xwm.
