Dawb qaib tau txais koob meej ntawm lub hens, tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj tsis tau poob hauv qhov kev xaiv ntawm noog rau lawv ua liaj ua teb. Niaj hnub no peb yuav muab koj cov lus piav qhia thiab cov yeeb yam ntawm feem ntau nrov breeds, yog li hais tias txhua tus neeg poultry ua liaj ua teb xaiv tau ib txoj kev loj hlob.
Keeb kwm
Lub domestication ntawm chickens tsis tshwm sim sai li sai tau, thawj lawv lawv qus thiab bred nyob rau hauv natural conditions. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog thaum tus neeg ua tsev qaib, tab sis nws muaj kev xav tias qhov no tau tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaub txhiab xyoo dhau los. Qhov xav tau ntxiv rau cov qe ua neeg xav txog yuav ua li cas kom nce qe ntau lawm hauv cov qaib. 
Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, domestic chickens tau meej kom muab faib ua qe thiab nqaij. Ntawm tag nrho cov breeds ntawm dawb qaib, tsuas yog ib feem me me yog suav natural, tus so ntawm hens yog ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm breeders.
Cov khoom tsim tau ntawm cov maum nyhav hauv cov qe yog nyob ntawm cov qe, uas tau tso rau hauv lawv lub cev thaum yug. Cov qe hauv qaib yog 1000 leej, tab sis yug muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem nqa tawm cov qaib, uas lawv tus naj npawb nce mus txog 4000. Qhov no yog dab tsi pub rau cov noog kom pom cov txiaj ntsim tau zoo hauv kev nqa cov qe.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub siab tshaj plaws tsim khoom yog pom nyob rau hauv chickens nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm peb lub xyoos, tom qab uas lawv cov qe qhuav decreases.
Breeds thiab crosses ntawm dawb qaib
Hauv qab no yog cov feem ntau cov breeds ntawm dawb tso hens thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv.
Adler nyiaj
Qhov pib ntawm no yog yug nyob rau hauv Adler poultry ua liaj ua teb. Cov qaib tau zoo heev rau cov huab cua txawv txawv, kev hloov ua kom siv li ob peb hnub. 
Lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, ua tsaug uas lawv tiv taus ntau yam kabmob (piv txwv li, tshuaj ntsuab) thiab muaj cov kabmob siab (hauv qaib, thaj tsam, 97%, rau cov laus - 85%). Cov noog no tau sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm hom poj qaib.
Qhov nyhav ntawm Adler silvery roosters ranges ntawm 3.5 mus rau 4 kg, qaib los ntawm 2.8 mus rau 3 kg. Lub sijhawm lawv lub qe yuav kav ntev txog plaub xyoos, uas ntev dua lwm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Txhua lub xyoo, cov nqaij qaib yog 180-200 lub teeb qe daj, txhua qhov hnyav 56-58 g. 
Ntawm cov sab nraud yam ntxwv ntawm cov noog no yog cov nram no:
- zoo huv si taub hau, tsau daj;
- puag ncig ob lub qhov muag nrog ib lub laub tooj liab;
- liab lobes liab;
- nruab nrab nplooj ntoos-puab zuag nrog tsib cov hniav;
- lub cev yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj, tom qab yog ncaj thiab dav;
- sib npaug nrog cov lus sib dhos nrog curled li braids;
- nruab nrab nqua nrog tib neeg tibiae, tarsus zoo tsim.
Koj puas paub? Cov qaib tuaj yeem paub thiab nco tau ntau tshaj 100 hom kawm, suav nrog tib neeg.
Bress Gallic
Qhov no yug yog bred los ntawm Fabkis breeders, nws yog kev txaus siab ntawm lub teb chaws no. Nws tsis tshua muaj pom ntawm qhov no, tab sis muab siab rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb nyob rau hauv nws, yav tom ntej muaj qhov siab tias cov noog no yuav tsis kis sai sai. 
Bress Gallic qaib yog cov cwj pwm ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev ua siab ntev, zoo li lub siab. Qhov loj ntawm qhov no yog qhov loj hlob tuaj ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev; los ntawm lub hli uas cov me nyuam loj hlob yog twb tau txais thiab hnyav ntawm 550 mus rau 750 g.
Sawv cev ntawm no yug yog ntxwv los ntawm kev loj hlob sai thiab muaj ceeb thawj, roosters ncav cuag ib qhov ceeb thawj ntawm 5 kg, chickens - txog li 3.5 kg. Ib xyoos ib zaug tso hens coj los ntawm 180 mus rau 240 lub teeb cream los yog qe dawb, uas nws qhov hnyav yog 60-85 g. 
Lub sab nrauv ntawm lub Bress ntawm Gallic chickens yog raws li nram no:
- ib lub ntsej muag ntawm lub caj dab luv luv, adorned nrog rau peb lub nplhaib;
- loj, qhov muag daj dub;
- almond-puab lobes dawb;
- qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cev nrog lub hauv siab hauv siab;
- kev sib tw ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 ° rau ntawm lub duav, lub npas ntev;
- theem plaub ceg khau xim gray-xiav xim.
Nws yog nthuav kom tau acquainted nrog feem ntau txawv txawv breeds ntawm chickens.
Hnub Tsam
Cov qaib no tshuav lawv cov tsos mus rau Pervomaisky xeev ua liaj ua teb nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Kharkiv (Ukraine), uas lawv tau tuaj nyob rau xyoo 1935-1941. Lawv yog cov nqig thiab tsis nrov, lawv yoojyim txias txias thiab tsis txawv hauv kev yoo mov. Cov sawv cev ntawm lub pob zeb yog tsis vam, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nyuab siab. 
Ib tug neeg laus qaib hnyav li 4 kg, thiab ib tug nqaij qaib hnyav txog li 3.5 kg. Txhua xyoo lub hens muab los ntawm 180 mus rau 200 xim av qe, uas kwv yees txog 60 g. 
Sab nraud yam ntxwv ntawm May Hnub qaib zoo li no:
- lub taub hau yog dav, lub txaj yog pinkish me me, cov kaus ncauj yog daj;
- qhov muag xim yog xim txiv kab ntxwv-daj;
- liab pob ntseg;
- torso tob, teem horizontally;
- cov lus me me nyob ntawm kaum ntawm 15 ° rau lub cev;
- luv luv daj ob txhais ceg.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov May Day yug ntawm nqaij qaib.
Leggorn
Lub teb chaw ntawm Leggorn yog Ltalis, tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib xav nyob Asmeskas nyob rau hauv cov noog, thiab ntawm peb lawv tau muaj koob meej txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. 
Nws yog ua tau kom cov noog no cog qoob loo nyob rau yav qab teb thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb, raws li lawv tau hloov los ntawm kev hloov mus rau tej yam ntuj tso. Cov txij nkawm ntawm chickens unpretentious, lub ntsiab tshaj plaws: muab lawv nrog ib tug dav thiab tsis txhaws los ntawm nqaij qaib coop, nyob rau hauv uas lawv yuav qhuav.
Roosters hnyav txog 3 kg, thiab chickens, ntawm nruab nrab, 2 kg. Ib xyoos ib zaug, hens coj los ntawm 170 mus rau 240 qe dawb qus ntawm 60 g. 
Lawv sab nraud zoo li no:
- lub taub hau yog qhov nruab nrab, scallop leafy;
- ob lub qhov muag ntawm cov tsiaj txhu muaj ib qho xim dub txiv kab ntxwv, nrog lub hnub nyoog nws tau ntau dua faded;
- earlobes yog dawb;
- lub cev elongated, hauv siab protruding rau pem hauv ntej, rov ncaj;
- tis dav hauv puag;
- limbs ntawm medium ntev.
Koj puas paub? Hauv xyoo 1971, hauv Asmeskas thiab xyoo 1977, cov qe tau raug kaw hauv USSR nrog 9 txoj hauv kev.
Lavxias teb sab dawb
Cov noog no tau raug xaiv hauv USSR xyoo 1929-1953, thiab dawb leggorn thiab cov aborigines hauv zos tau siv los hla. Lawv tsis tau capricious, resistant mus rau ntau cov kab mob neoplastic, lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev, lawv yog cov yooj yim pub thiab tswj.
Lawv cov nyhav yog me me: roosters hnyav li 3 kg, thiab qaib - txog li 2.1 kg. Lawv pib nqa cov qe los ntawm 5 lub hlis thiab ib xyoos ib zaug coj los ntawm 200 mus rau 240 qe dawb uas siv los ntawm 56 mus rau 60 g. 
Outwardly, cov noog zoo li no:
- qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub taub hau nrog lub taub hau daj qis;
- nyob rau hauv lub hens, lub crest hangs mus rau sab, nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb, nws sawv ncaj thiab muaj 5 cov hniav;
- earlobes dawb;
- lub cev nrog cov pob txha muaj zog thiab cov hlua khi kom nruj;
- Tail luv, zoo tsim;
- ceg tawv muaj zog loj me me daj.
Saib kuj: Saum 10 liab qaib
Hisex Dawb
Lub teb chaw ntawm cov qaib yog Holland, qhov chaw uas lawv coj tuaj rau Dutch lub tuam txhab "Hendrix Genetics Company" nyob rau hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX. Hisex Dawb yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm vivacity, mobility thiab kev ua si. Lawv pom cov kev mob siab rau kis kab mob kis, mob ntsws thiab helminthic kab mob. 
Cov noog no txawv ntawm qhov tsim nyog tau zoo, txawm tias qhov hnyav ntawm 1.8 kg rau roosters thiab 1.6 kg rau qaib. Thaum ntxov li 4-4.5 lub hlis, qaib pib zes thiab tsim txhua xyoo txog 300 lub qe xim av, hnyav ntawm 63 mus rau 65 g. 
Rau cov noog ntawm Cross Haysex Dawb xws li sab nraud cim yog cov xeeb ceem:
- me ntsis taub hau nrog ib nplooj ntoos zoo li xim zuag;
- qhov muag xim av muag;
- ib lub cev zoo nrog lub hauv siab loj heev;
- tail fluffy thiab ncaj;
- luv luv ceg.
Peb qhia koj kom nyeem: cog qoob loo thiab kev tu cov qaib rau cov neeg tshiab; qhov zoo tshaj plaws breeds; ntau npaum li cas qaib lub neej; dua li cov qe nqaij qaib, cov nqaij thiab kev tua hluav taws.
Shaver dawb
Cov noog ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig no poob lawv cov tsos rau Dutch breeders. Ua tsaug rau cov kws kuaj pom zoo thiab zoo yug me nyuam, Cov qaib Shaver dawb tau bred, uas, thaum noj nrog me me ntawm pub, muaj qe ntau lawm.
Lawv tsis ntees kev sib ntaus, muaj zog tiv thaiv thiab muaj zog txaus. Teem kom zoo nrog cov qaib uas muaj tus cwj pwm phem. 
Qhov hnyav ntawm ob qho tib si qaib thiab nqaij qaib ntev li ntawm 1.6 mus rau 2 kg. Tso hlua khau Dawb muab ib xyoos ntawm 200 mus rau 250 qe dawb qe nrog lub plhaub khov thiab ib qhov hnyav ntawm 63 g.
Lwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov noog shaver dawb:
- me me taub hau, muaj zog daj kaus mom;
- xim zuag thiab qhwv ntsej liab ci;
- lub hauv siab thiab plab mog tag nrho, sib npaug, muaj lub nraub qaum hauv nruab nrab;
- tus me me;
- limbs muaj zog nrog plumage ploj lawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Rau zoo tsim tau ntawm tso hens, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua kom kub hauv coop hauv + 10 ... + 20 ° C. Thaum kub hauv qab +10 ° C, qhov muab cov nqi ntawm cov qaib txo, thiab nrog ib qho kev qhia tsis zoo, nws tuaj yeem nres nws zoo.
Moscow
Nws tau rho tawm txij xyoo 1947 txog 1959. nyob rau hauv Zagorsk (Moscow cheeb tsam) tshwj xeeb rau rau cov kev mob ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab. 
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Moscow cov tsiaj tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, muaj kev tiv thaiv siab thiab tiv taus ntau hom kab mob.
Cov neeg laus roosters ncav cuag ib qhov ceeb thawj ntawm 3.1 kg, nqaij qaib - 2.4 kg. Txhua xyoo, tso hens muab 180 qe nrog ib tug dawb tsos nqaij daim tawv thiab ib qhov ceeb thawj ntawm 55 g.
Sab nraud cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Moscow yug ntawm chickens:
- me me taub hau me me, taub hau daj;
- lobes yog dawb-liab;
- lub cev tob, lub hauv siab yog convex thiab puag ncig, sab nraum qab yog ntev thiab ca;
- tis thiab tail zoo tsim;
- ceg tawv qis, daj.
Muaj kuj yog ib tug Mos Loj Mos txwv nrog xim dub.
Pob txha
Cov qaib raug coj tuaj nyob hauv lub teb chaws Asmesliskas hauv nruab nrab ntawm XIX xyoo pua. Thawj cov noog tsis tau muaj ntau lub qe, tab sis nrog kev pab los ntawm kev ua qoob ua hauj lwm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua kom zoo dua qhov no. 
Cov noog no txawv ntawm qhov ua tiav zoo ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, zoo heev hloov mus rau cov huab cua sib txawv thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev pub mis. Lub pob kws muaj pob kws muaj pob zeb kuj muaj ib lub tswv yim zoo heev.
Cornish yug muaj ib qho khoom noj siab siab.
Qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov neeg laus roosters yog 3.5-4.5 kg, thiab chickens hnyav txog li 3.5 kg. Lub qe qhuav ntawm Cornish yog 130-160 qe ib xyoo. Lub qe plhaub xim yog xim av, thiab nws qhov ceeb thawj yog 50-60 g. 
Cornish yug muaj cov nram qab no cov yam ntxwv:
- lub taub hau yog dav, khawm zuag;
- liab pob ntseg;
- cev ntom thiab npag, sab hauv siab;
- me ntsis hanging luv Tail;
- limbs nrog plumage ploj lawm.
Dawb qaib yog nyob rau hauv kev thov ntawm poultry ua liaj ua teb vim lawv productivity. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tsiaj ntim qe, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov neeg tsim nyog rau koj lub tsev qaib.
