Siloing yog ib txoj kab microbiological thiab cov txheej txheem biochemical rau kev khaws cia cov kua muaj kua. Silage yuav tau los ntawm fermentation, uas yog, nws yog canning tsis muaj oxygen. Qhov no yog txoj hau kev tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim khoom. Siv lub qhov ntsuab loj ntawm herbaceous nroj tsuag uas tsim nyog rau tsim pub rau tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib. Siv cov paj noob hlis, pob kws, qos yaj ywm, keeb kwm thiab lwm tus. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj nyob hauv kev ua liaj ua teb rau ib qho laj thawj - nws muaj cov as-ham thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus. Nws yog zaub mov zoo rau tsiaj. Silage kho txhim plab zom, uas pab tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib digest roughage. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav qhia koj txog kev tsim ib lub txhab nyob tom tsev.
Pob zeb silage
Pob zeb silage muaj kev siab sib luag ntawm kev sib hloov zog, uas nce 12 MJ ib 1 kg. Nws txo cov khoom ntawm lub cev tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib yam tsis txo lub zog noj haus ntawm lawv cov khoom noj. Pob kws muaj protein ntau muaj qis digestibility (37%). Feem ntau ntawm nws tsis faib nyob rau hauv cov rumen ntawm cov tsiaj rau ammonia, tab sis decomposes nyob rau hauv intestine raws li cov amino acids. Yog li ntawd, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Pob zeb starch yog tag nrho cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib, ua rau lawv cov piam thaj ntau dua. Vim qhov no, theem ntawm cov kua mis nyob rau hauv cov nyuj hlob, thiab cov tsiaj nyeg nce phaus nce thiab zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, hmoov txhuv nplej siab muaj txiaj ntsim zoo rau cov normalization ntawm metabolism.
Hmoov tsis, pob kws silage muaj protein ntau tus nqi, cov acidity thiab lwm yam tsis zoo. Nws yog suab tsis tsim nyog rau pub mis nyuj qhuav qhuav, vim hais tias carotene tsis tig mus rau vitamin A.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ib qho dhau ntawm cov organic acids adversely cuam tshuam lub viability ntawm mos liab me me.Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm silage pob kws mown nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ripeness ntawm grain. Nws yog crushed mus rau 5 mm. Ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov grain yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5%.
Yog hais tias lub silo yog finely crushed, ces nws yuav muaj lactic acid thiab yuav tsis muaj butyric acid. Lactic acid converts qab zib rau cov organic acids, thiab cov silage yog absorbed los ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab cov nqaij qaib tag. Nqa mus rau qhov loj me me yuav pab tau nws tus kheej-propelled combines, tab sis feem ntau siv ib txoj kev ntawm cais ensiling grain ib feem ntawm lub pob kws. Saum toj-hauv av, qhov tob tob los yog qhov tob tob sib txawv yog qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws los khaws cov twj pob kws. Feem ntau nws siv qhov saum toj no-av, txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm extracting pub yog zoo dua mechanized. Hauv qhov no, cov dej nyab los ntawm dej hauv av tau txo.
Thaum xaiv lub trench, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account nws qhov ntev nyob rau hauv qhov siab (tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3 m) thiab dav (xaiv noj mus rau hauv tus account technology ntawm extraction ntawm pub). Lub silo yog muab tshem tawm txhua hnub nrog ib txheej ntawm 40 cm thoob plaws tag nrho. Ua nws zoo dua vertically. 10 hnub ua ntej pib thim rov qab, lub trench yuav tsum tau ntxuav, sterilized, whitened los ntawm sab hauv thiab patched lem.
Silage mass yuav tsum tau cais los ntawm cov cua los ntawm lub sij hawm nws yog pw nyob rau hauv lub cia. Sau cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm kev ceev ceev thiab ua tiav kev tiv tauj nrog cov cua ntsawj ntshab.
Nyob rau hauv lub qab koj yuav tsum tau pw tawm ib txheej ntawm straw chop (50 cm tuab), thiab ces sau nws nrog silo. Qhov loj ntawm cov ntawv cim yuav tsum tsis tu ncua nyob ze ntawm phab ntsa
Txhab yuav tsum tau them nrog triple tiv thaiv. Thawj txheej yog ib zaj duab xis nyias thiab ywj ywj, qhov thib ob yog ib qho yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj cov tshuaj polyethylene (nws tuaj yeem tau them nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv cov silo ntawm cov kab). Qhov thib peb yog tus neeg saib xyuas hnyav hnyav.
Lub fermentation ntawm silage kav txog 6 lub lis piam, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los tuav lub twj tso kua txiv rau 8 lub lim piam, txij thaum acetic acid yog tsim nyob rau hauv ob peb lub lis piam. Qhov no ua rau kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm lub silo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias yuav qhib lub silo ua ntej, qhov no yuav ua rau cov teeb meem tsis zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv oxygen ingress rau nws.Tom qab 8 lub lim tiam ntawm raug, koj tuaj yeem xaiv silage. Qhov kev xaiv kom yog yog raws li nram qab no: tom qab sampling, ib tus npliag yuav tsum nyob twj ywm. Hauv qhov no, tsawg dua cov pa nkag hauv lub raj thiab tsis muaj cua sov tshwm sim. Yog hais tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov cai saum toj no, ces kev cog pob kws yuav ua kom zoo tshaj plaws nrog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Polymer tes tsho kuj tseem siv tau. Kev tshem tawm pib tom qab lub tes tsho puv lawm. Lub acidity tib lub sijhawm sai sai, thiab qhov no tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev zoo noj.Kev ua kom zoo pab txoj kev noj cov zaub mov thiab kev noj cov zaub mov, thiab tseem cuam tshuam cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Nyob rau hauv silage pits khw tsis muaj nyiaj txiag tsawg dua nyob rau hauv lub tes tsho. Tag nrho cov nuj nqis them nyiaj dhau lub sij hawm vim kev noj zaub zoo noj zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub tes tsho, pub grain, pob kws, haylage, perennial pulp, alfalfa thiab lwm tus neeg yog harvested. Muaj ntau txoj kev zoo ntawm cov tes tsho:
- Tsawg dua cov kev raug mob vim muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm huab cua kom tsawg.
- Tsis tau poob ntawm silage nyob rau hauv lub huab thiab saum npoo txheej ntawm silage loj.
- Zoo compaction ntawm silage loj.
- Kev nqus ntawm cov kua dej hauv lub tank tas nrho.
Koj puas paub? Pob kws muaj 26 ntsiab lus ntawm lub rooj thawv thiab tsis poob nws cov khoom tseem ceeb txawm tias thaum kav poom. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov rog polyyunsaturated acids, uas pab tiv thaiv kabmob kheesxaws, txo cov theem ntawm txhoj puab heev, txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm daim siab thiab cov hnyuv.
Silage paj txiv ntoo
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias ensiling ntawm sunflower nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm zaub qhia pom sib txawv ntawm microbiological kev. Yog tias koj sau cov nroj tsuag thaum pib ntawm flowering, ces nyob high humidity lub fermentation ntawm silo yuav siv qhov chaw sai sai yog hais tias tus sau yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm noob ripening. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias qhov cog ntawm cov nroj tsuag no pib thaum pib ntawm cov paj ntoo ua rau cov dej qab zib tsawg dua 10 zaug, thaum lub sij hawm poob ntawm cov protein yog 10%.
Nyob rau hauv lub noob ripening theem, qhov theem qab zib yog txo 5 lub sij hawm, thiab poob ntawm protein yog 8%. Cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm ntsuab loj: nyob rau hauv lub flowering theem - 0.23 pub units, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ripeness ntawm noob - 0.25 pub units ib kg.
Nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm silo peb tau soj ntsuam tib qauv. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm flowering thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kom loj hlob ntawm lub noob, cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov silage yog 15% dua, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov roj tsawg tau los ntawm 40% rau 1 qhov chaw pub.
Yog li ntawd peb pom zoo tu lub sunflower mus rau silage thaum pib ntawm flowering. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau muab paj noob hlis. Nws yog sown nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntshiab los yog tov nrog legumes. Cov qoob loo thaum ntxov ua rau thaj chaw loj, thiab tseem cia koj tag cov khaub zeeg ua ntej harvesting grain cov qoob loo.
Thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawm sunflower, dej theem nyob rau hauv zaub yog 80%, nrog ib tug zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm 0.13 pub units thiab 12 g ntawm protein rau ib 1 kg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag muaj 2% suab thaj thiab ntawm 87% noo noo, qhov qab zib tsawg kawg yog kwv yees li 1.6%. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom txo cov av noo mus rau 70%, thiab qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm kev ntxiv 10% ntawm qhuav thiab zoo hauv av pub thaum lub sij hawm silage. Yog hais tias koj ntxiv peas rau sunflower silo, ces koj yuav ua tau nws tsis muaj kev txwv. Nws tseem yuav zoo zoo nrog cov pob kws, thaum koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom noj zoo uas pub tau rau cov nyuj thiab npua.
Koj puas paub? Raws li Guinness Book of Records, cov paj ntoo loj tshaj plaws tau sau tseg hauv ntiaj teb no yog 82 cm (Canada), thiab lub paj noob hlis tau loj tshaj los ntawm M. Heijimh hauv lub Netherlands, nws qhov siab tau li 7 meters.Yog hais tias koj yog lig nrog tu lub nroj tsuag, lub stems noticeably coarser, thiab nplooj nplooj thiab poob. Qhov no ua rau lub deterioration ntawm cov technology thiab pub zoo ntawm sunflower thiab txo qhov yield ntawm cov as-ham pab pawg ib cheeb tsam.
Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab siv sunflower raws li ib tug qoob loo tom qab sau, nws yog zoo dua mus pib harvesting nplooj thiab stems thaum pib ntawm budding. Cov nplooj muaj ib theem siab ntawm cov khoom noj nyoos (li 300 g ib 1 kg), ib qho dej loj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub pub tsis zoo thiab muaj kev sib ntxiv ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov haiv neeg ntshiab, whey. Lawv ua rau kom sai maturation ntawm silage.Koj yuav tsum tau dilute 5 g ntawm qhuav poov hauv 5 liv dej 2 teev ua ntej siv. Lawv yog koj thiab tshuaj tsuag.
Whey yog siv nyob ntawm seb ntawm cov dej noo noo ntawm silage. Koj yuav tsum ua 30 liters rau ib 1 tuj. Yuav kom tau zoo ntawm cov twj paj nruag zoo los ntawm sunflower, koj yuav tsum tau chop lub stems tusyees thiab kom zoo zoo thiab tamp lub silage zoo zoo. Los mus tshem tawm qhov poob ntawm kua txiv, ib txheej ntawm straw txiav (50 cm nyob rau hauv tuab) yuav tsum tau pw nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cia. Qhov loj yuav tsum tau them nrog ib zaj duab xis nyob rau sab saum toj.
Npaj txhij tuaj:
- 2.3% protein;
- 6% fiber ntau;
- 9.5% cov extraction nitrogen dawb (BEV).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub silo hloov dub nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv nws los ntawm cia.
Sorghum silage
Qab zib piam thaj, uas peb xav kom siv raws li ib tug silo, muaj ib theem siab ntawm qab zib thiab yog silage kom txog thaum uas tag nrho grain loj hlob. Silage los ntawm no nroj tsuag tsis inferior mus pob kws.
Ua ntej yuav tso cov silo koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav li lub sij hawm ntawm wax pob tawb grains. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, cov nplooj forage massage muaj ib theem siab ntawm cov khib nyiab, qhov zoo npaum li dej thiab lub siab ntawm cov khoom pub.
Muab phua ywg paug hauv qhov hlais yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv (1: 2), thiab tom qab ntawd ua ke. Cov ntawv sau ua tiav nrog rau ib txheej ntawm cov dej muaj hnav ntsuab 80-90 cm tuab ntawm saum toj no, lub silo yuav tsum them rau zaj duab xis thiab lub ntiaj teb.
Txij thaum harvesting silage, sorghum loses 25% ntawm cov as-ham, peb pom zoo kom siv cov preservatives, tab sis qhov no tsis tag tshem tawm qhov poob.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov quav cab thaum nkag. Undoubtedly, nws tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev pabcuam pub me ntsis, tshem tawm qhov poob ntawm cov paug paug paug, kho kom zoo dua qub, tsis tas yuav siv cov preservatives thiab yog pw hauv lub tshuab cua hauv txhua qhov chaw.
Peb tseem tuaj yeem muab koj cov qoob loo uas tsis muaj khib nyiab cov paj ntoo. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub trench koj yuav tsum tau nteg 100 tons ntawm straw, tamp thiab tau txais ib txheej ntawm mus txog 1 m.Nws koj pw lub sorghum nrog ib humidity ntawm 70%. Tom qab ntawd nws yog hloov los ntawm straw nyob rau hauv 2: 1 txheej. Lub silo matures nyob rau hauv txog 2 lub hlis. Nws muaj ntau lignin thiab silica tshaj hauv pob kws.
Koj puas paub? Nyom nyom yog zus rau tsiaj noj, thiab nws cov quav cab siv rau cov ntawv sau, cov khoom ntim khoom, lub ntsej muag thiab lub ru tsev.
Riam nplaum
Nws yog tau ua silage los ntawm rapeseed, uas yuav muaj 6.7 MJ ntawm lactation zog. Qhov teeb meem tsuas yog hais tias nws muaj cov khoom uas tsis raug cai uas cuam tshuam kev saj cov mis thiab cov tsiaj noj qab haus huv.
Peb tig mus rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm rapeseed silage. Koj yuav ntsib ib qho teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem no - yog kab mob ntawm cov nplooj ntawm cov nplooj. Nws ua rau cov tsim ntawm butyric acid, yog li ntawd, peb xav kom koj siv Cofacil Ua Kua (3 liters ib tuj ntawm cov huab cua tshiab). Thaum siv cov tshuaj preservatives, muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj siab (90%), thiab cov silage tiav lawm tuaj yeem siv tau thaum ntxov li 2 lub hlis tom qab koj tso.
Tam sim no peb ncaj qha mus rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cai canola rau taub. Lub rapeseed, uas koj muaj yav dhau los ntxhib crushed, yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho ntau pawg thiab ncab lub tarpaulin nyob rau thawj theem kom txog thaum lub silage loj daws. Thaum nruab hnub, av hauv av canola ntau ntau kua txiv, uas yuav tsum tau sau thiab tshem tawm. Lub ntim ntawm silage loj yog zoo heev txo, yog li tom qab sau lub kua txiv koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kaw nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis raug tso cai tsa qhov kub ntawm qhov loj rau 3 hnub. Nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 40 ° C. Qhov no ua rau txo qis rau hauv cov protein thiab cov qab zib hauv lub silo los ntawm 30%.
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov nce hauv qhov kub ntawm qhov quav tshuaj yeeb quav tshuaj yog cov khoom txom nyem, ib theem siab ntawm cov dej noo noo thiab ntev bookmark.
Yuav tsum muab cov khoom xos yaj ywm cia rau cov tsiaj txhu, nws sib xyaw nrog lwm cov twj (nyom, pob kws, paj noob hlis). Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua vim hais tias cov tshuaj tua hluav tawv muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke, thiab cov tsiaj txhu tsis noj txaus.
Koj puas paub? Ob hom tshuaj siv yog siv los ntawm rapeseed, uas yog siv los ua qhov siv ntawm cov lej rau luam ntawv xov xwm.
Alfalfa silage
Alfalfa yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev zawm, tab sis yog tias koj ua nws txoj cai, koj yuav muab cov tsiaj nrog tus nplua nuj khoom ntawm cov protein.
Cov tshuab rhuav tshem cov tshuab pib nrog cov sau los ntawm alfalfa. Ua nws zoo dua thaum lub sij hawm lub budding. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, alfalfa muaj lub siab tshaj plaws concentration ntawm muab kev pab cuam, crude fiber (280 g ib 1 kg ntawm qhuav teeb meem). Nws tseem muaj ntau ntawm lignin, thiab cov nroj tsuag poob nws digestibility sai heev. Tias yog vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum tau tua nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob theem nrog kev txiav siab ntev (40 hli). Koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj txhuam. Lawv yuav tsum ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntxiv.
Peb tig mus rau txoj cai tswjfwm rau lub silting ntawm alfalfa.
Thawj yog tias cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom qhuav (35-40%). Qhov thib ob - wilting kav 40 xuab moos thiab tsis ntau.
Lub haum ntawm alfalfa rau ensiling yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm soluble sugars nyob rau hauv dej. Los ntawm sugars peb txhais tias carbohydrates. Lawv yog cov tsis txaus siab rau kev ntim kabmob. Thaum lub sij hawm ensiling, lub suab thaj hloov mus rau fermentation acids. Hais tias lawv khaws cia lub txhab.
Peb xav hais tias koj sau alfalfa thaum lub sij hawm budding, vim hais tias nyob rau lub sij hawm no lub nutrient cov ntsiab lus yog raws li nram no:
- Raw tshauv - 120 g / kg.
- Crude protein - 210 g / kg.
- Cellulose - 250 g / kg.
- Qab Zib - 1.0 g / kg.
- Qhov nqi zog yog 5.5 MJ.
Nws yog theem siab ntawm cov ntoo tshauv thiab cov protein uas ua rau cov txheej txheem alfalfa ensiling. Peb pom zoo kom siv cov preservatives uas muaj cov kab mob lactic acid fermentation, xws li Bonsilage Forte.Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev siv preservatives, qib ntawm acidity decreases thiab protein ntsiab lus stabilizes. Alfalfa yog zoo dua rau silage nrog lwm yam, piv txwv li, pob kws, qab zib beet los yog sorghum. Qhov no yuav txhim kho tus saj ntawm pub, thiab cov tsiaj yuav tsis tig lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub trench.
Ob qho chaw ntawm ob qho tib si yuav tsum tau sib tov thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub khob. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv zib suab thaj (3%). Qhov no yuav muab alfalfa silage ib tus zoo saj thiab tsw.
Ntxiv straw rau silage los ntawm alfalfa yuav txo cov kev ya raws thiab txhim kho fermentation ntawm silage. Koj yuav tsum tov 200 kg ntawm straw nrog 800 kg ntawm ntsuab alfalfa. Lub silo uas koj tau txais yuav muaj ib nrab ntawm qhov nyhav qhuav ntawm straw, thiab qhov no thiaj li ua rau lub plab zom mov.
Txhim khu fermentation, koj tuaj yeem siv lwm lub tshuab, xws li kev nyab xeeb. Qhov no yog nyob kas poom los noj cov khoom noj. Nws muaj lub hauv paus ntawm cov twj zoo zoo, tab sis kev npaj ntawm kev quav nyab yog txawv li ntawd rau qhov silage nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nqa tawm ob theem.
Alfalfa yuav tsum tau muab txiav thiab sab laug rau cov thawv rau ntawm qhov dej. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, lub nroj tsuag yuav tsum txo noo noo mus rau 60%. Tom qab ntawd cov nyom yog av los ntawm ib tug forage harvester. Tom qab ntawd, alfalfa yog pw nyob rau hauv ib qho trench thiab sab laug rau 1-2 lub hlis.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ensiling muaj ntau qhov zoo:
- Koj tsis tas yuav ntxiv cov khoom khaws cia rau lub txhab.
- Qhov loj ntawm kev thauj khoom noj los ntawm kev ua teb yog txo los ntawm 50%.
- Vim lub tso tawm ntawm cov kua dej silage thiab tsim los ntawm cov khoom fermentation undesirable, qhov poob ntawm cov as-ham yog tshem tawm.
- Ntau pub tau txais kev cawmdim.
- Thaum pub cov tsiaj tau txais kev pab ntau dua.
Txhab ntawm melons
Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog seb qhov twg lwm cov khoom xuab zeb tau ua los ntawm, ces paub tias cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb yuav ua. Koj muaj peev xwm siv taub dag, watermelon, zucchini los yog melon.
Lawv yuav tsum tau txiav rau hauv daim ntse nrog cov ntse ntse thiab ntxiv 25% straw. Tom qab ntawd lub sib tov yuav tsum tau dhau los ntawm ib tug silage cutter. Kev tso thiab khaws cia ntawm silage yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li yav dhau los cov kab lis kev cai. Koj tseem muaj peev xwm cov kaus poom nyob hauv cov twj tso zis, tab sis koj yuav tsum ntxiv 3% ntsev rau lawv. Qhov no pub yog tsim rau npua thiab nyuj, tab sis yog siv raws li ib qho ntxiv rau cov khoom noj yooj yim.
Gourds yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia, dawb los ntawm Frost thiab nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb qhuav storages. Tom qab koj tau muab tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tso rau ntawm qhov ncauj, koj yuav tsum tau npog nws nrog crushed nyom.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub taub dag yog ib tug Berry, thiab ib qho ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav hnyav li ob peb puas kilograms.
Txhab qos yaj ywm saum
Qos yaj ywm saum yog suav hais tias yuav yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus tsawg. Pub cov khoom noj - 0.2 pub rau 1 kg thiab 22 g ntawm cov protein. 
Единственное, что может снизить кормовую питательность силоса, - загрязненность землей. При трамбовке она хорошо уплотняется и способна допускать потери качества при силосовании без устройства траншеи.
В этом случае нужно легко укрыть траншею, чтобы морозы в зимнее время не проморозили силос.
Qos yaj ywm saum yog fermented yam tsis muaj kev sib tsoo thiab pw tshiab. Poob ntawm qhuav tshuaj yog tsis tseem ceeb. Thaum siab nqaim, koj yuav tsum ntxiv 10% ntawm kev pub mis los yog pob kws. Nrog ib pwm ntawm 75%, tsis muaj ib yam yuav tsum tau ntxiv.
Ntxiv qhuav pub pub nyob rau hauv qis txheej, thiab tsawg dua rau saum.
Yog hais tias koj tseem txiav txim siab siv qos yaj ywm saum rau silage, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias qab zib nyob rau hauv nws yuav txo.
Silage paus qoob loo
Qoob loo cov qoob loo tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo. Cov zaub mov no yog tsim rau npua thiab nqaij qaib. Noj cov zaub hauv paus zaub yog cov khoom zoo rau kev tsim vitamin hmoov nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Koj tuaj yeem muab cov qos yaj ywm hauv cov tais diav los yog cov nqaij nyoos rau hauv cov pits los yog cov khib nyiab. Raw zaub yog ntxuav thiab tsoo minced. Tom qab ntawd lub pub yog loaded rau hauv ib lub trench thiab compacted. Ib tug ntau froth thiab kua txiv sawv tawm nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no. Yuav kom khaws tau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, peb xav hais tias koj nteg ib txheej ntawm straw rau hauv qab, thiab qhov npaus yuav tsis phwj, zaub porridge yuav tsum tau muab khi rau 60 cm nram qab lub tsho khawb. Lub npaus khov nyob rau hauv 3 hnub. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum thauj khoom me ntsis ntxiv qos yaj ywm thiab ces npog.
Thaum boiled nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau lub zog ntxuav tubers thiab knead lawv. Tom qab ntawd, yam tsis tau tos rau lub qos yaj ywm kom txias, nteg nws nyob rau hauv ib tug trench, theem thiab compact. Koj tseem ntxiv tau 10% carrots los yog legumes.
Tom qab qhov cia yog kom tiav, qhov loj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo them.
Qoob zaub zaub saum koj tau muab silage tsis ntxiv straw.
Lub khawm muaj: qab zib - 11.9%, protein - 11,7%, rog - 2%, fiber - 10.5%, calcium - 1.3%, phosphorus - 0.3%, BEV - 52%, carotene - 132 mg.
Koj puas paub? Qos yaj ywm yuav suav tau tias yog ib tug nroj tsuag lom, vim hais tias nws cov berries yog heev tshuaj lom neeg rau cov tib neeg: rau lom, nws yog ib qhov txaus rau noj 1-2 pieces. Yuav kom tau qaug tshuaj los ntawm solanine tias qos tubers accumulate nyob rau hauv lub teeb, koj yuav tsum tau noj txog ib kilogram ntawm raw, unpeeled ntsuab qos tubers.
Grain-taum mixes
Koj tuaj yeem npaj cov khoom noj qov siab zoo nrog kev pab ntawm spinning. Qhov no yog haylage, uas yog npaj los ntawm vegetative loj ntawm grain cov qoob loo. Harvesting pib thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm wax ntim ripeness ntawm grain (humidity - 60%).
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom sib xyaw kom sib xyaw kom sib xyaw, xws li, barley, oats, peas.
Cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau cov khoom noj thiab tsis muaj fiber ntau tshaj li alfalfa haylage, tab sis cov silage no tau yooj yim digested los ntawm cov tsiaj.
Ua ntej pib sau qoob los yog grain dumping, nws tseem ceeb heev kom tshab txhais kom zoo dua ntawm qhov kev siv tshuab no, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias qhov sib tov no tso cai rau koj siv tag nrho biological peev xwm ntawm productivity ntawm grain cov qoob loo.
Nws kuj yog ib qho kom zoo dua los npaj ib lub noob qoob siv cov khoom noj sib xyaw uas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej sib xyaw thaum lub sij hawm sau qoob rau hauv cov theem ntawm qhov rais yog 63%. Thaum lub sij hawm maturation, nroj tsuag muaj cov qib siab ntawm cov as-ham, ntau ntawm starch thiab protein.
Yuav kom npaj lub ploj, koj yuav tsum tau nyem ntau ntau cov cereals. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov teeb meem. Tom qab tso txheej txheem ntawm fermentation. Vim muaj kev nkag tau ntawm kev nkag tau ntawm cov huab cua, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm qhov poob ntawm cov as-ham. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj "Bitasil". Nws yog ua tau rau thov ntim tawm mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm pub tom qab 4-6 lub hlis.
Koj puas paub? Ntawm Rau txhiab tsiaj ntawm xyoob pob kws - qhov siab tshaj plaws cog, thiab ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab lub loj hlob sai tshaj. Nyob rau hauv tsev, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia, xyoob yog ncav mus rau ib qhov siab ntawm 50 meters, nws lub cev, hollow straw, faib los ntawm cov pawg nruab nrab, zoo li tag nrho cov cereals, yog txog 40 centimeters diameter.
Kev Txhim Kho
Cov khoom noj ua ke nrog cov khoom xws li cov zaub hauv paus, uas txhais tau hais tias ua silage los ntawm lawv tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem siv carrots, pumpkins, qos yaj ywm, beets, taum ntsuab, cereals, cereal pov tseg, tawb straw, noob hmoov thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Cov txheej txheem no yuav muab cov zaub mov zoo ntawm cov roj hmab, raws li nws yuav muaj suab thaj, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, vitamins thiab protein.
Ntxiv mus, cov as-ham nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo ua ke raug muab khaws cia rau hauv cia. Xws li ib lub pob zeb tau zoo noj los ntawm cov tsiaj txhu xyoo tas los thiab tsis tas yuav tau noj ntxiv ua ntej pub mis.
Thaum xaiv cov cheebtsam koj yuav tsum paub cov hauv qab no:
Cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov khoom siv silage nyob rau hauv 1 kg - 0.25 pub units.- 1 kg ntawm silage yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 20 g ntawm digestible protein thiab 20 mg ntawm carotene.
- Nyob rau hauv lub silo yuav tsum 5% nyoos fiber ntau.
- Ib lub twj zoo muaj 1.8% lactic acid thiab tsis muaj butyric acid.
- Lub palatability ntawm pub yuav tsum xws li hais tias silage ua li 50% ntawm tag nrho cov kev noj haus ntawm npua.
Cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov khoom siv silage nyob rau hauv 1 kg - 0.25 pub units.Nws yog cov qoob loo ntawm cov kav dej uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib sau ua ke. Lawv sib ntxiv ua rau txoj hauv kev zoo dua qub.
Cov kev cai rau kev muab tso ua ke ib qho:
- Ua ntej yuav muab cov twj tso rau hauv lub trench, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej ntawm preservation ntawm silage kua txiv huab hwm coj. Yog hais tias nws ntub, koj poob ntau ntawm cov as-ham los ntawm pub.
- Hauv av loj yuav tsum tau meej compacted, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ze ntawm lub phab ntsa.
- Cais cais noj yuav tsum tov thiab ntim rau hauv lub thawv raug tshem tawm hauv txheej.
- Qhov kawg ntawm cov ntawv cim koj yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg nrog lub thaij cua los yog lub log tsheb.
- Saum toj ntawm lub hleb koj yuav tsum tau npaj ib lub vaj tse kom lub twj tso tawm los ntawm los nag thiab daus.
Tam sim no kom koj paub tias dab tsi yog ib qho tseem ceeb, nws yog qhov yooj yim rau koj kom ua. Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo thiab koj yuav tau txais cov zaub mov zoo rau tsiaj thiab noog.
