Vim muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb, Kaliningrad cheeb tsam muaj ib tus nplua nuj, muaj ntau hom tsiaj thiab muaj kab mob. Muaj zoo nkauj toj siab, hav zoov, steppes, reserves, muaj ntau yam tsiaj thiab ntau hom nceb loj tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum khaws cov nceb, qhov sib txawv ntawm "nyob ntsiag to tua tsiaj", koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, vim hais tias kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo rau cov khoom noj, tab sis kuj yog cov uas tsis zoo rau zaub mov noj. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau kawm ua ntej lawv cov cwj pwm nta hauv kev txiav txim siab tsis yuam kev tom qab.
Edible Mushrooms
Mushroom caij hauv Kaliningrad cheeb tsam kav ntau tshaj 6 lub hlis, pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis thiab xaus nrog cov hnub kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Ntawm no, cov nceb loj hlob txhua txhia qhov chaw - lawv tsis tas mus rau tom hav ntoo, vim tias ob peb tuaj yeem pom txawm hauv lawv lub vaj.
Muaj plaub thaj chaw hauv thaj av no qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm "hav zoov cov khoom plig" cim:
- Lub Neman lowland, uas muaj cov lag luam Slavskoye ntoo, Illichivsk thiab Polesskoe hav zoov. Lub cheeb tsam yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm podzolic, peaty, hav iav thiab silt-marshy xau, on uas dub alder lub neej nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau.
- Baltic thiab Curonian forestry, uas txawv xau zeb. Ua ke nrog tas li cua daj cua dub los ntawm lub hiav txwv, lawv tsim haum rau cov kev loj hlob ntawm fungi. Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem ntsib ib tug ntoo thuv. Birch thiab dub alder loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov lowlands, Qee zaus koj yuav pom oak, tshauv thiab hornbeam.
- Lwm cheeb tsam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dej siab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fungi, yog suav hais tias yuav yog lub thaj av ntawm Nesterovsky hav zoov thiab lub Krasnoznamensk forestry, uas yog txawv los ntawm ntau yam ntawm nyem. Nyob rau hauv Nesterovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv thaj chaw nrog ntau lub toj. Pine hlob zoo on stony av. Spruce thiab deciduous forests vam nyob rau hauv loamy av.
- Lwm cov cheeb tsam zoo li plaub cheeb tsam, uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv spruce-birch hav zoov. Ntawm no, hornbeam, tshauv thiab ntoo qhib ntoo feem ntau, thiab dub txaij hlob nyob rau hauv lub lowlands.
Cov nceb yuav muab faib ua cov khoom noj, cov khoom noj thiab cov nroj tsuag, raws li tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, ib hom kev ua tsis tau zoo tsis tas yuav muaj tshuaj lom; Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov nceb noj, cov cai ntawm pawg sib koom ua ke, kev yuav khoom los yog kev cia uas tau ua txhaum lawm, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob.
Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom noj thiab tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau hom kab mob lom - piv txwv, amanita - yog qhov nyuaj rau lwm tus.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ltalis nws yog txwv tsis pub nws tus kheej collect boletus nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov. Yuav kom "tua tsiaj" rau cov kab mob dawb, koj yuav tsum tau txais ib daim ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov neeg hauv zos.
Qhov kos npe rau ntawm toadstool thiab toadstools yog qhov muaj cov volvo, seem ntawm lub plhaub txheej, uas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog npog tag nrho lub cev, thiab tom qab ntawd ua ib qho "potty" uas lub qia hlob zoo. Mushrooms tsim rau siv, txawv spongy qauv ntawm lub hau, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov inedible, nws yog lamellar. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntawm cov kab lom lom, cov kab ntawm lub hau khov muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau ib qho kev nceb ntawm Dab Ntxwg Nyoog, zoo ib yam li lub qhov cub. Tab sis kom paub qhov txawv ntawm los ntawm boletus yog yooj yim heev - poisonous Mushroom muaj ib tug cap cap, tsis ib xim av. Tsis tas li ntawd, nruab nrab ib feem ntawm ceg yog xim liab dawb los yog xim liab, thiab nqaij ntawm qhov txiav sai sai xiav.
Nyob rau hauv thaj av Kaliningrad koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau tus nceb noj, ob qho tag nrho thiab qub. Lawv siv rau kev ua noj ua haus kua zaub, sab qab haus huv, cov khoom noj khoom haus, zaub nyoos, kua ntses. Mushrooms Fry, boil, stew, qhuav, pickle, ua txhua yam ntawm kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Ntxiv mus, lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem kho rau kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau ailments.
Dawb mushroom
Cep, nws yog ib tug boletus - ib qho ntawm feem ntau hlub thiab nrov ntawm cov neeg. Nws tau txais koob meej meej tsis yog vim nws pom zoo, zoo-pom tsos, tab sis kuj vim nws zoo heev saj. Lub boletus txawv nyob rau hauv ntau loj ntau ntau: lub hau yog mus txog 25-30 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, cov ceg yog tuab, hauv qab yog thickened. 
Cov xim ntawm lub hau yuav nyob ntawm seb nws loj tuaj. Nyob rau hauv birch forests, lub kaus mom muaj ib lub teeb xim av, nyob rau hauv Pine hav zoov nws acquires ib cov ntshav zas, nyob rau hauv spruce hav zoov - ib tug reddish xim av. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yeej ruaj khov kho, dawb, dawb, tsis hloov xim thaum txiav.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog rau hom thiab cov khoom siv txiaj ntsim ntawm porcini nceb, thiab kawm txog kev npaj cov porcini nceb rau lub caij ntuj no.
Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau cov fungus dawb yog birch, ntoo Pine forests thiab spruce forests.
Ordinary tus
Muaj ntau ntau yam xyoob ntoo nyob rau thaj tsam Kaliningrad, uas txaus siab rau txoj sia nyob. Lawv cov pib sau los ntawm lub hlis tas los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov rau Lub Kaum Hli. Smoothys yuav pom los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim liab-grey xim ntawm lub hau. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, lub nplhaib ntawm lub hau ploj, thiab nws ua daj-xim liab. 
Lub ceg ntev thiab nyias, thickened rau hauv qab los yog hauv nruab nrab. Lub cev nqaij dawb yog lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab lub cev tsis muaj zog; thaum muab nias, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tso tawm, uas yog xim daj rau ntawm huab cua. Smoothies yog zoo rau pickling. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej no lawv yuav tsum tau soak nyob rau hauv salted dej thiab boil.
Mis nyuj haus yog xim dub
Cov kab mob Milkworms tsuas yog tuaj yeem sau nyob rau hauv Russia - nyob rau hauv sab hnub poob lawv muab cais tawm raws li inedible. Txawm li cas los, nrog ua noj ua haus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog salting), cov mis nyuj nceb tsis tsuas yog edible, tab sis kuj six. Nyob rau hauv Kaliningrad cheeb tsam, lawv pom txhua qhov chaw: nyob rau hauv birch, Pine, spruce hav zoov, on glades, hav zoov sawv, thiab lwm yam.
Peb tawm tswv yim rau koj nyeem txog seb hom mis niam nceb li cas, lawv li cas pab tau, thiab seb yuav sau li cas thiab sau cov dub dub li cas, cov kua mis ntawm cov kua mis.
Cov kua mis dawbLub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm moorie yog dawb thiab dub.
- Qhov txawv txav ntawm cov dawb yog cov xim dawb, qee zaum yellowish xim ntawm lub hau nrog cov specks me thiab cim suab. Cob mus txog 8 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Nceb yog luv, ntom, loj hlob hauv pawg. Lub pulp muaj ib tug qauv tuab, thaum nias, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib cais yog sib cais, uas hloov daj hauv huab cua.
- Dub dub los yog dub yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm dub ntses liab. Qee lub sij hawm lawv tseem npe nicknamed chernushki. Cov ceg yog luv luv, lub hau muaj me ntsis curved npoo, cov phiaj yog ntawm ib qho xim ntsuab dawb. Favorite vaj tse Chernushkas - mixed forests. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob rau hauv qub nplooj, mosses, nyob rau hauv ceg.
Dub mis nyuj nceb zoo nkauj hauv daim nplaub tshev; yog li ntawd lawv muaj peev xwm muab khaws cia yam tsis tau poob ntawm saj mus txog peb lub xyoos.Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej salting dub mis nyuj nceb, lawv yuav tsum tau soaked rau tsawg kawg peb hnub, ces boiled.
Zelenushka
Ib qho chaw zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm greenfinches yog qhuav Pine hav zoov, qhov chaw uas lawv raug tswm los ntawm tag nrho cov tsev neeg. Lawv pib sau thaum kawg ntawm lub nceb caij nplooj zeeg lub caij nplooj zeeg. Lawv tau txais lawv lub npe vim yog xim daj-xim ntsuab ntawm lub hau - qhov xim no tseem muab khaws tseg txawm tias thaum kho cov cua sov.
Zelenushka muaj ib ntom, me ntsis txha nrig ntawm dawb xim, uas tsis ntev los no ua rau daj. Nyob rau hauv lub hau yog cov muag heev plates ntawm txawv xim. Zelenushki yog pom zoo kom boil, Fry lossis pickle. Qhov loj tshaj - ua ntej kev ua noj lawv yuav tsum tau peeled 
Tshis
Cov tshis yog ib hom fws plab, uas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj ib lub qab ntxiag es qab. Cap nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 4-12 cm muaj ib daj ntseg xim av xim. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg sawv cev, nws yuav siv sij hawm sib npaug, tom qab ntawd yuav luag tag nrho ncaj, ua kom ncaj.
Leg - nyias, nkhaus, ntawm tib xim li lub hau. Thaum lub caij muaj huab cua los ntawm huab cua tus tshis yog them nrog ib txheej tuab ntawm mucus, uas ua rau nws saib ntau dua tsis kaj siab. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv tseem ceeb heev thiab muaj lub siab dawb paug.
Tshis yuav tsum tau nrhiav nyob rau hauv swampy, ntub chaw, nyob rau hauv damp Pine hav zoov. Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov yuav tsum tau siv cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb. Lawv pom zoo kom kib, khob, dib qaub ncaug lossis qhuav. 
Chanterelle
Me me, ci ntsa iab thiab zoo nkauj chanterelles nyob thaj chaw, deciduous thiab Pine forests, nyob rau hauv glades nrog nyom los yog Moss. Vim hais tias ntawm lawv zoo tsos, lawv nyuaj rau confuse nrog lwm hom nceb.
Tej zaum koj yuav xav nyeem txog qhov twg chanterelles hlob thiab yuav ua li cas tsis tau txais cov nce cuav, pab lawv li cas, thiab yuav ua li cas khov thiab marinate chanterelles nyob hauv tsev.
Chanterelles yog cov cim los ntawm lub plhaub taum, lub hau npog, npog cov kiv cua hauv qab no, thiab khawm pob tw kom txog 12 cm. Lawv muaj xim daj, daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv. Cov nqaij yog nplov, muaj kua, ua kom tob rau ntev thiab, nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus, yog wormy.
Chanterelles saj zoo li nceb thiab porcini nceb. Lawv yog cov cua hauv txhua daim ntawv: kib, hau, stewed, pickled. Feem ntau lawv ua ib lub cuab tam rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob. 
Maslata
Roj tuaj yeem yuav luag txhua qhov chaw: hauv hav zoov, glades, npoo, teb, paths, ntawm cov nyom. Thawj zaug sau yog sau los ntawm mushroom pickers thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntawm Pine, ob - los ntawm flowering ntawm linden. Txawm li cas los, lub siab tshaj plaws tawm los yog manifested thaum lub sij hawm grain grain sij hawm.
Maslata muaj ib lub kaus mom ntawm ntau ntxoov, nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob: los ntawm daj thiab lub teeb xim av rau xim liab-xim av. Ntu 2-10 cm Lub khob tubular, nyob hauv taub hau, npog nrog cov xim dawb, uas yog tom qab hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib lub nplhaib. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog kev sib tw, daj, muaj lub siab dawb paug nrog cov ntawv sau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Maslata yog kev txaus siab rau lawv cov saj zoo, ua tsaug uas lawv tau siv rau hauv kev ua noj ua haus. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau siav thiab kib, pickled thiab pickled. Boiled butter stewed nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb tshaj yog savory saj. 
Mokhovik
Nyob hauv CIS, 7 hom npauj yog ib qho; Ntsuab thiab daj-xim av (chestnut) feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam no. Habitat habitat - sandy soil, coniferous hav zoov, thickets ntawm deciduous ntoo, sawv, meadows.
- Ntsuab Moss nws yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov loj (3-12 cm), me me ntawm daim npav ntsuab ntawm greenish lossis olive ntxoov ntxoo, uas yog them me me los saum toj no. Leg ncaj, ntev, me ntsis nthuav dav upwards. Cov nqaij dawb yog dawb.
- Chestnut flywheel Nws muaj xim kasfes tsaus, chocolate lossis xim daj, muaj lub plhaub thiab lub taub hau me me, nplaum cylindrical ntawm cov qauv thiab cov xim daj. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog daj.
Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, cov nqaij ntawm txiav txiav acquires ib tug xiav nplais, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev txaus ntshai. Nws yog noteworthy tias poisonous mokhovikov los yog nceb zoo li lawv tsis muaj nyob. Mokhoviki muaj ib tug ntxiag saj, siv rau pickling, ziab, salting. Txig tshav kub-kho raws li kib, nkawm los yog ua haujlwm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Muab khaws cia boletus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tias cov nceb tsis tau them nrog pwm. Nws yog ib qho txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Lub caij ntuj sov honeydew
Qhov loj ntawm qhov kev paub zoo tshaj yog qhov lawv loj hlob hauv cov tsev neeg, pawg loj. Lub caij ntuj sov nceb - los yog linden nceb, raws li lawv kuj hu ua - khom ntawm rotted ntoo thiab ntoo.
Npauj npaim muaj me me; lub khawm ncav cuag 3-6 cm, muaj ib lub rooj sib xyaw nrog ib tug tubercle hauv nruab nrab, ncig lub voj voog uas pom pom hauv huab cua ntub dej. Ob txhais ceg yog nyias, mus txog 7 cm ntev, nyob rau hauv sab qaum sab nws yog lub teeb, tus, dotted nrog teev nyob hauv qab. Nws nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tiab, uas tom qab ploj. 
Autumn honeycomb
Autumn nceb loj loj. Lawv cov ceg yuav ncav cuag 10 cm, thiab lub hau ntawm qhov nqes yog mus txog 17 cm Lub kaus mom muaj ib lub suab zoo, tab sis ua rau plag nrog lub hnub nyoog. Nws puag yog them nrog ib txheej ntawm dos. Nyob rau hauv lub kaus mom nws tus kheej yog ib daim tiab, dawb hauv cov xim uas muaj xim daj.
Coloring ntawm honeycomb nyob ntawm seb ntawm tsob ntoo qhov twg nws tswm: lub Oak yog xim av, lub poplar daj nrog zib mu, lub Pine yog xim av-liab. 
Kawm ntxiv txog cov nceb nceb noj xws li boletus, cov menyuam, boletus nceb, aspen nceb, greenfinch nceb, zaub txhwb qaib, boletus nceb, nceb.
Boletus
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm ntawm viburnum, thaum lub sij hawm haymaking, mushroom pickers mus nrhiav ntawm boletus uas hlob tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam qhib, hav zoov sawv, teb sawv thiab nyob rau hauv birch hav zoov.
Boletus txawv hauv qhov ntau loj me me: lub hau yuav ncav cuag 15 cm, ceg ntev, ntom, npog nrog maub nplai. Muaj nceb dawb, daj los sis xim av xim. Boletus nceb yog tagnrho rau pickling. Lawv qhuav, kib los yog pob hau. 
Boletus
Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau koj pom ib daim txiv kab ntxwv-hau boletus hauv zoov. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm lub koog loj loj ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv, xim av xim los yog xim dawb, thiab los ntawm lub ntom thiab ntev ceg, thickened downwards, qhov saum npoo uas yog them nrog cov teev. Thaum muab txiav, lub cev nqaij daim tawv pib xiav. Aspen nceb noj kom khom nyob rau hauv qhov sib xyaw, noog ntoo thiab blueberries.
Koj puas paub? Muaj coob tus ntseeg hais tias nceb uas "hais lus" lub npe tau txais vim qhov chaw loj hlob, thiab vim yog lub xim ntawm lub hau, uas zoo ib yam li xim rau lub caij nplooj zeeg nplooj. Txawm li ntawd los, nws muaj peev xwm pom tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub aspens, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv hav zoov sawv, hav zoov paths, glades.
Aspen sau pib nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab xaus nrog thawj Frost. Cov nceb no yog siv rau kev ua noj ua haus kua zaub, kua zaub, lawv ntxiv rau zaub. Tsis tas li ntawd pickled thiab qhuav.
Mushroom growers yuav txaus siab mus nyeem txog dab tsi edible mushrooms loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
Txiv lws suav
Chestnut mokhovik paub nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub npe "Polish Mushroom". Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws qhov chaw yog pine forests nrog ib tug hav iav, conifers, thickets ntawm cov ntoo. Nws tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau ntawm cov av xuab zeb.
Luj lub lauj kaub muaj xim daj ntseg, xim daj ntseg ntsej muag daj los yog xim daj uas muaj xim sib txawv nrog rau daim tawv nqaij tsis sib cais. Tom qab los nag, lub hau ua nplaum thiab nplua rau qhov kov. Cov ceg muaj ib qho xuav npoo ntawm qhov daj thiab ntxim nyiam. Thaum txiav, lub cev nqaij daim tawv xiav. 
Vim chestnut flywheel muaj qab ntxiag saj, nws yog tsim rau txhua hom kev ua: pickles, pickling, frying, lwm yam zoo li
Redhead
Ryzhiki, tab sis lawv tsis muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws "tsos", tau hlub los ntawm ntau cov mushroom pickers rau lawv cov cim saj. Sau lawv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub pines thiab spruce ntoo, pib ntawm nruab nrab lub yim hli ntuj. Ginger txawv txawv xim daj txiv kab ntxwv thiab muaj cov xim ntsuab ntawm lub hau.
Nws yuav pab tau koj kom paub txog qhov twg nceb noj tau yooj yim thiab lom, thiab tseem yuav kawm seb yuav ua li cas thiaj xyuas cov nceb noj los ntawm kev ua kom nrov.Qhov nceb qws tseem yog txiv kab ntxwv. Qhov loj ntawm lub cap nws txawv ntawm 4 mus rau 17 cm, thiab nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg sawv cev nws yog muab upwards, thiab nyob rau hauv laus dua nws yuav funnel-puab nrog ncaj sawv. Cov npua uas siv los npuab thiab khawm, tab sis qhov txhais tau zoo tshaj plaws yog salting.
Lub rooj zaum tso quav
Lub redbird los yog, raws li cov neeg hauv zos hu ua nws, lub plantain yog ib tug nceb uas hlob zoo nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov thiab cov noog me, nrog txoj kev, ntawm txoj kab. Nws txawv nta yog: ib lub nrig, grey-liab ntses lub kaus mom 4-10 cm nrog ib ncig, tib xim raws li ib tug nyias ceg, nqaij tawv nqaij, tso tawm cov kua txig thaum nias.
Koj puas paub? Muaj li ntawm 3000 hom kab nce toj, ntawm cov uas tsuas yog 400 yog tsim rau noj.Cherry hlob nyob rau hauv pawg, feem ntau lawv lub cev ib ncig loj hlob ua ke. Qhov no yog tsuas yog haum rau salting. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam tshuaj pastes thiab roj pleev yog tsim los ntawm nws.
Russula
Russula tau muaj npe vim yog qhov tseeb tias qee yam ntawm lawv cov hom zaub yuav tau noj nqaij nyoos. Nceb yog txawv los ntawm ntau yam xim: lawv lub hau yuav tau txais txhua yam xim ntawm zaj sawv. Tab sis txhais ceg yog dawb thiab muaj zog.
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, lub hau yog lub rooj sib thooj, sib npaug, tom qab ua tus lej los yog khwv kuj zoo nkauj. Lub pulp yog ntom, spongy, dawb nyob rau hauv lub txiav. Russulae nyob thaj chaw swampy hauv spruce-pine, deciduous forests. Lawv loj hlob hauv tej pawg neeg, tsis txhob nkaum hauv cov nyom lossis nplooj, yog li lawv nrhiav tau yooj yim txawm tias cov neeg nceb hauv cov neeg tsis tuaj yeem.
Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis nyiam heev vim lawv txoj kev tsis muaj zog. Qee hom roj hmab muaj qhov iab, hlawv saj, yog li ua ntej ua noj ua haus lawv yuav tsum tau soaked hauv dej txias rau ob hnub. 
Inedible, poisonous nceb
Qhov loj txaus ntshai ntawm inedible thiab poisonous nceb yog hais tias lawv skillfully disguise lawv tus kheej raws li tej yam homable. Yog li, thiaj li tsis yog los ua neeg raug mob, ib tug yuav tsum kawm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom noj thiab tsis zoo.
Ntshe grebe
Saj toadstool - qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai ntawm poisonous nceb. Nws noj tas nyob rau hauv paralysis, thiab ces tuag. Ib qho pwm me me tuaj yeem tsim kom txaus rau cov neeg laus plaub.
Tus qauv ntawm lub hau yog hemisphere, tab sis nyob rau ntawm ib tug laus thaum ntxov nws muaj ib tug ntau puag ncig, qe-puab puab. Lub hau nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 5-15 cm, muaj ib tug txiv ntseej xim (yuav txawv los ntawm dawb mus rau grayish), qhov saum npoo fibrous nrog tus npoo. Leg thin - txog 2.5 cm, nrog ib tug dawb scaly saum npoo. 
Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog kev sib luag, kev sib tw, dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog ib qho tsis txaus siab thiab me ntsis qab zib, tab sis tsis kaj siab. Отличительная черта бледной поганки - наличие широкой вольвы у основания ножки.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Основная опасность поганки в том, что человеку становится дурно только после того, как яды начали действовать. Ib tug neeg muaj teeb meem ntawm kev mob plab, mob nqaij, mob raws plab, txo lub siab. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob yuav zoo tuaj, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog qhov dag, thaum lub raum thiab lub siab puas lawm.
Cov nceb
Feem ntau feem ntau, cov fungus gall muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ciaj thiab cov hav zoov, ntawm acidic, fertile xau. Outwardly, nws tsa li ib tug nceb mushroom, tab sis nws yuav yooj yim pom los ntawm ib tug qauv mesh txawv nyob rau ntawm lub qia. 
Lub hau muaj ib hom kab mob zoo nkauj, tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 4 mus rau 15 cm; nws saum npoo qhuav, me ntsis velvety, hauv huab cua ntub nws ua nplaum. Cov xim ntawm lub cap yog txawv: los ntawm daj-xim av mus rau xim av xim av. Ob txhais ceg yog siab thiab nyias, cylindrical, swollen downwards.
Cov nqaij yog dawb, nrog ib tug hlais liab, muaj ib tug tsis kaj siab iab saj, yog tsis wormy thiab tsis muaj ib tug tsis hnov tsw tsw. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab no yog zoo li noj plab hlaub los yog Dab Ntxwg Nyoog. Hauv cov neeg laus, 85% ntawm kev raug lom ntawm qhov kawg tuag.
Amanita liab
Amanita - feem ntau cov xim zoo nkauj ntawm poisonous nceb, uas yog nyuaj rau confuse nrog lwm tus. Nws ci liab hemispherical cap muaj ib tug yam ntxwv dawb chaw. Leg ntom, luv luv thiab es tuab. Lub yoov agaric hlob tsuas yog rau acidic xau, nyob rau hauv tov mixed. 
Feem ntau, kev siv cov liab nceb tsis ua rau kev tuag, tab sis ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm kev pom, tsis hnov lus thiab tsis pom kev. Nyob rau hauv lub me me tawm rho tawm los ntawm fungus yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj rau cov tsim tawm ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effect.
Peb pom zoo kom nyeem txog ntau hom kev toadstools zoo li, zoo li cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm ya-agarics.
Amanita nceb
Tsawg tshaj li tiag, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg poisonous, yog tus txheeb ze ze ntawm liab nceb - lub nceb nceb. Nws txawv cov yam ntxwv yog suav hais tias yog daj ntseg daj ntseg xim thiab ib tug tuab, ntxuav, kheej kheej thaum xub thawj, thiab tom qab ntawd ces ib lub hau khov kho, them nrog flakes loj loj rau saum toj. 
Lub qia yog ntev ntev, mus txog rau 12 cm, ntawm ib tug cylindrical duab, thickened kawg nrog grooves saum lub nplhaib. Cov nqaij yog mos, xoob, nrog aroma ntawm qos yaj ywm thiab ib tug iab, unpleasant saj.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hu ua mushroom poisoning yog zoo li kev qaug tshuaj liab: qaug zog ntawm kev ua pa, xeev siab, ntuav, thiab qaug zog, tsis pom kev, thiab tsis nco qab yuav tsim muaj cov tshuaj muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj lom.
Peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog rau kev piav qhia ntawm xws li fungi inedible, xws li dung beetles, cuav boletus, Mushroom Mushroom, gall fungus, pedal toadstool.
Dabntxwnyoog nceb
Dabntxwnyoog nceb zoo li dawb. Nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov thiab txiav txim siab hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog calcareous av. Nws yog loj loj nyob rau hauv loj: lub cap ncav 8-20 cm, lub ceg yog mus txog 15 cm siab, thiab lub dav yog mus txog 10 cm. 
Cov xim npuaj npaim ntawm cov xim daj kom txhuas txho. Leg o tuaj, muaj cov duab ntawm ib tug tuber. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub daj xiav tis; ntawm qhov txiav, nws tau txais xim xiav xim.
Qhov txawv ntawm Dabntxwnyoog fungus thiab dawb yog lub xub ntiag ntawm lub ceg ntawm ib yam dab tsi ntawm cov txiv ntseej los yog xim liab. Tsis tas li ntawd los ntawm fungus yog ib tug unpleasant tsw. Xatas fungus, thaum noj, provokes mob ntawm qhov system hauv lub paj hlwb, cuam tshuam rau daim siab thiab poov.
Champignon dag
Ib qho txawv ntawm qhov cuav champignon yog ib qho pheej iodized ntxhiab los yog aroma ntawm carbolic acid. Lub hau yog dawb, muaj lub hauv paus nrog me me nplai. Cov nqaij yog dawb, tab sis thaum nias daj. Cuav dawb mushroom qia, thickened ntawm puag.
Thaum txiav, tus ceg nqaij hloov daj, maj maj txiv kab ntxwv, thiab ces xim av. Thaum noj cov zaub tsis muaj cuav, lawv tsis hnov ntxhiab tsw li, thiab dej rov qab daj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txawm nrog ntev ua noj, cov tshuaj lom los ntawm fungus tsis ploj mus. Tom qab noj ob pluag champignon, tsuas muaj ob lub xuab moos tom qab noj cov tshuaj champignon, ntuav cov kab mob lom: ntuav, xeev siab, zawv plab.
Mushroom chaw ntawm thaj av Kaliningrad
Cov "Mushroom Hunt" hauv Kaliningrad cheeb tsam pib txij lub Plaub Hlis thiab xaus nrog thawj qhov siab.
Los ua phiaj xwm rau cov nceb tau muaj kev vam meej, koj yuav tsum paub qhov "mushroom places":
- nceb feem ntau tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntawm thaj tsam Curonian thiab Baltic hav zoov, nyob ze lub nroog ntawm Nesterov, thaj tsam sab qaum teb ntawm cheeb tsam, Novoderevensky hav zoov, Bolshie Gorki, Bolshakovsky hav zoov;
- nyiam chaw chanterelles yog cov seaside thiab zej zog ntawm Povarovka;
- Zelenushkas Mushau cov neeg tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav ib ncig ntawm lub tsev nyob ntawm Curonian Spit;
- hauv kev tshawb nrhiav muzzle koj yuav mus rau Baltic braid, Kumachevo, Kruglovo, mus xyuas thaj tsam sab qab teb-thaj - Ladushkinsky hav zoov, Chertov Feem ntau, Ushakovo;
- ua tiav kev npau suav ntawm cov neeg tuaj de nceb thiab nrhiav kom pom tseeb Borovikov, koj tuaj yeem mus rau lub zos Kosmodemyanskaya, Lub Zos Lub Zos, hauv hav zoov hav zoov sov siab; Qhov chaw ncig ntawm Vishtynetskoye Lake kuj yog suav hais tias yog ib qho chaw zoo rau cov nceb dawb.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias tsis muaj kev zam, txhua hom hom kab mob hu ua xaiv yam kev tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob. Yog hais tias lub forests yog tsaus, ces nceb yuav tsum tau ntsia rau ntawm lub teeb glades, ntawm hav zoov sawv, nyob ze txoj kev; Yog tias muaj ntau lub teeb pom kev zoo, koj yuav tsum coj mus tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw tsaus ntuj. Nrog rau ntau humidity, lub nceb yuav tsiv mus rau qhov chaw siab, thiab yog hais tias nws tsis muaj, lawv yuav nkaum nyob rau hauv cov nyoos.Mushroom xaiv cov cai
Qee lub sij hawm txawm yog nceb nceb yuav tsis ua mob. Thiab tag nrho cov khoom ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom tshuaj - cov kab mob no muaj peev xwm nqus lawv zoo li ib daim txhuam cev.
Yog li ntawd, mus rau "kev yos hav zoov uas nyob ntsiag to, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws ib co cai:
- Cov "golden rule" ntawm cov mushroom pickers yog khaws tsuas paub cov nceb. Yog tias tseem muaj qhov tsis paub tseeb txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab hom fungi - thiab ntau yam ntxiv yog tias muaj tuber zoo li thickenings ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub nceb qia - nws yog qhov zoo dua rau muab pov tseg tam sim ntawd. Unfamiliar mushrooms tsis tau kov thiab txawm ntau tsis.
- Sau tsuas noj qab nyob zoo, cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb. Tsis txhob muab koj tus kheej tso rau qhov kev pheej hmoo, them nqi rau cov cua nab, qhuav, flabby, rotten nceb, uas, yam tsawg, tau poob lawv cov dej qab thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb.
- Tsis txhob cuam tshuam mycelium. Thaum sau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob ua mob mycelium, uas yuav ua hauj lwm raws li yug ntawm ib tug tshiab qoob loo. Nws yog pom zoo tias qhov ua kom zoo li hauv cov plaubhau tsuas yog "khoov" los ntawm cov av, thiab marsupials yuav tsum tau txiav nrog rab riam ntse ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Sau cov nceb hauv qhov chaw zoo nkauj. Nws tsis tsim nyog rau "kev tua tsiaj" nyob ze ntawm txoj kev, cov chaw tsim khoom, hauv cheeb tsam chaw. Nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav tau mus xyuas cov hav zoov lossis mus rau saum cov roob.
- Muab lub nceb hauv pob tawb. Rau qhov sau los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm keeb kwm ntuj tsim: ntoo lubyanka, thawv thawv thawv. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv cov hnab yas ntawm cellophane, uas cov nceb yuav tsuas "qhov cub".
- Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau "kev yos hav zoov yau" thaum sawv ntxov. Mushroom loj hlob thaum hmo ntuj, yog li ntawd thaum sawv ntxov lawv yuav tshiab, tuab thiab pheej nyob hauv kev caij tsheb npav.
- Lub sijhawm ntxiv yog qhov kev tshawb nrhiav "prey" nyob rau hauv cov nyom siab thiab tuab ntsws loj. Qhov siab tshaj plaws uas yuav vam tau yog ob peb daim xuab moos.
- Tam sim ntawd tom qab tuaj tom tsev, cov "trophies" nrhiav tau yuav tsum tau muab tshem, vim tias lawv sai poob lawv lub zog. Peeled nceb yog boiled yam tsis ploj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub mus siv mushroom broth, txawm yog hais tias nws tau npaj me ntsis txog cov ntau yam ntawm tag nrho cov.
Kaliningrad cheeb tsam yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntawm nceb, uas mushroom pickers gladly Tshuag li los ntawm thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau lig Autumn. Tab sis, mus rau ib qho "ntsiag to plob hav zoov" rau cov cua, qab ntsev thiab tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig trophies, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov tsiaj qee yam lom.
Tsuas yog ua raws li cov cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau thiab kev siv - thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj yuav tsis yog kev zoo siab xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm lub network
