Dib yog ib qho zaub tseem ceeb heev uas muaj feem xyuam rau tib neeg lub cev. Qhov no zaub qoob loo poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog feem coob ntawm cov neeg cog zaub hauv ntau lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. Tab sis dib yog tsis zoo ntawm ntau cov kab mob thiab ntau yam kab mob, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau tu, nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas cov sij hawm thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm qhov teeb meem sab nrauv ntawm chaw sab nraud. Qhov feem ntau cov tsos mob ntawm kev tshem ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag yog cov tsos ntawm tshwj xeeb dawb me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshaj qhov teeb meem ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hav zoov thiab yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb ntsuas thiab txiav txim siab txiav txim siab nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob.
Txheem:
- Video: pej xeem tshuaj rau powdery mildew
- Spider mite
- Yees duab: sib ntaus nrog kab laug sab mite on cucumbers
- Dawb mosaic
- Yees duab: sib ntaus sib tua mosaic ntawm cucumbers
- Aphid
- Yees duab: txoj hauv kev nrog aphids on cucumbers
- Dawb rot
- Yees duab: kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj ntawm dawb rot
- Tsev cog khoom whitefly
- Yees duab: ntaus nrog whitefly
- Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob dib: xyuas
Mealy dew
Mealy dew yog ib tug fungal kab mob ntawm cov zaub uas stimulates qhov tsos ntawm mycelium on nplooj ntawv. Vim los ntawm kev mob ntawm tus kab mob, lub mycelium npog yuav luag tag nrho saum npoo ntawm nplooj thiab cov ntaub ntawv ib hom dawb Bloom. Txoj kev no tsuas yog hloov cov duab ntawm nplooj, tab sis kuj ua rau lawv ziab, uas ua rau nws tsis yooj yim rau cov duab photosththesis, yog li cov nroj tsuag maj weakens. Xws li ib tug kab mob yuav ua rau poob ntawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov qoob loo, thiab raws li adversely cuam tshuam lub ntxiv cultivation ntawm qos nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub vaj teb.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov feem ntau cov kev mob siab rau tus kab mob no yog nyob rau thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov nrog ib theem siab ntawm cov av qeeg, ntsuas kub ntawm + 17 ... +21 ° C, thiab ntau tshaj li kev siv nitrogen chiv.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob no, muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntsuas:
- periodic crop rotation, uas yuav tiv thaiv qhov tseem ceeb txuam nrog ntawm pathogen nyob rau hauv cov av;
- ntxuav kev tuag ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cultivation, vim nws yog rau lawv hais tias lub fungus reliably nyob los ntawm lub caij ntuj no;
- tshwj xeeb disinfection tom qab harvesting;
- tswj lub ntsuas dej kub siab tshaj li ntawm +20 ° C, thiab tiv thaiv tsis txhob dauv los ntawm kev txhais tshwj xeeb (piv txwv, cov yeeb yaj kiab yas);
- ua kom tiav cov dej ntawm dej tshwj xeeb;
- kev ua cov zaub cov qoob loo uas muaj kev tshwj xeeb zoo li "Kvadris";
- ua raws li cov cai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm nitrogen chiv (yog tias tau hloov nrog potash los yog phosphate).
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm manifestation ntawm thawj cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau nplooj, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau resort ntau drastic thiab tam sim ntawd ntsuas.
Nyeem kuj hais txog kev sib ntaus tawm tsam powdery mildew thiab downy mildew on cucumbers.
Nws muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv hmoov txhaws pwm dais:
- txau cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug tov ntawm skim mis nyuj los yog whey nrog dej. Qhov no yuav pab txo tus kab mob thiab tiv thaiv nws cov kab mob ntxiv. Sodium silicate kuj tseem siv tau ua tus neeg hloov;
- Ib tug zoo killer ntawm fungus yog lactic acid cov kab mob, uas, rau zaub cov qoob loo, tshem tawm cov kab mob fungal. Yog li ntawd, koj muaj peev xwm kho cov nplooj nrog kefir (yuav raug tso cai), qaub mis nyuj los yog yogurt;
- Koj muaj peev xwm ncuav ib feem peb ntawm ib lub thoob thoob nrog dej txias thiab teem cia tseg rau peb hnub. Tom ntej, koj yuav tsum cais cov kua thiab dilute nws nrog dej (1:10 ratio). Tshuaj tsuag cov nroj tsuag nrog cov kua qab. Tsis tas li ntawd nettle infusion nrog tshuaj tsuag daim ntawv thov mus rau nplooj yuav tsis muaj tsawg zoo;
- Ib txoj kev zoo ntawm kev kho cov nroj tsuag tam sim ntawd tom qab tus kab mob yog siv "EDC", "Tiovit Jet". Rau theem tom qab, "CE", "Hom" lossis "Topaz" yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws;
- txaj rau hauv av qhib tau kho nrog ib qho tshuaj 20% ntawm colloidal sulfur, thiab nyob rau kaw cov uas muaj 40% tov;
- ib qho sib tov ntawm xab npum thiab ci dej qab zib nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav yuav pab tshem tawm ntawm powdery mildew nrog kev ua txhua zaus 5-6 hnub;
- ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm tsam tus kab mob no kuj yog ib tug Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm weeds. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab luj mus, ntxiv dej, muab ib qho chaw khi rau ob peb hnub, tom qab uas cov kua uas ua rau cov txheej txheem cucumbers.
Gardeners uas tsis xav siv tshuaj chemicals rau lawv lub vaj tse yuav sim kho cov nroj tsuag nrog rau cov tshuaj tua pej xeem thiab kev npaj tshuaj.
Video: pej xeem tshuaj rau powdery mildew
Spider mite
Tus kab laug sab npuav tsis ua rau tib neeg, tab sis nws yog ib qho txaus ntshai heev rau cucumbers, raws li nws tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov duab photosthesis, tab sis kuj zoo heev txo cov nroj tsuag kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam lwm yam kab mob. Tick-borne zaub sai sai pib qhuav thiab poob zuj zus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub siab phem no yuav ua rau cov kab mob grey pwm, uas cuam tshuam rau qis dua ntawm qis qoob loo (yub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nplooj).
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kab laug sab mais: hom kab laug sab mites, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov kab tsuag, yuav ua li cas tshem kab laug sab mites ntawm cucumbers.
Kab tsuag ntau tshaj plaws nrog rau qhov ntsuas kub thiab kev nyab xeeb. Nws yuav luag tsis tas yuav tiv thaiv ib tug nroj tsuag los ntawm tus kab mob no, txij li thaum tua tau yooj yim nqa los ntawm cua. Txoj kev txiav txim siab yog yuav ua txhua yam kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv agrotechnical tiv thaiv. Cov cim qhia ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus kab mob no yog:
- dawb me ntsis nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm nplooj;
- ib lub vas sab hauv zaub kab lis kev cai;
- qeeb vegetative hlob tuaj;
- yellowish nplooj.
Thaum cog cucumbers nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib cheeb tsam tshwm sim tshwj xeeb txheej ntawm kev ntsuas kom tsis txhob kis kab laug sab mites mus rau qhov siab kawg nkaus:
- tom qab harvesting, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua puas tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
- nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau khawb li thaj av cheeb tsam npaj rau cog cucumbers, vim kab tsuag yog tos rau lub caij ntuj no precisely nyob rau hauv lub Upper txheej ntawm cov av;
- cov khoom noj uas tsim nyog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no cov kab nroj tau txais los ntawm cov nroj, ces lawv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm cov av ntau li ntau tau;
- thaum lub sij hawm ripening ntawm zaub kab lis kev cai, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau periodically ua tib zoo xyuas lub ntsiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab, thaum paub lub tshuag nplooj, sai li sai tau tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem lawv (hlawv los yog bury);
- qhov hloov ntawm cog qoob loo nrog txiv lws suav los yog zaub qhwv yuav pab tau;
- Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau kho foci ntawm tus kab mob nrog rau tshwj xeeb biopreparations.
Yog hais tias dib zuj zus nyob rau hauv qhov chaw hauv tsev cog qoob loo, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab laug sab mais tau nce ntau zaus dua, vim cov kev mob zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim rau lawv xis nyob thiab yug me nyuam: siab kub thiab tsis qis.
Kawm yuav ua li cas nrog lub withering ntawm qus thiab kho cucumbers nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ntsuas rau tshwj kom txhob muaj cov kab no hauv lub tsev cog khoom yog ua kom cov dej noo mus rau 75-85%.
Nws tseem tsim nyog los tsim fumigated ntim tsev cog khoom tom qab harvesting thiab ua ntej sowing. Sab saum toj txheej ntawm av yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, thiab tapestry yuav tsum tau hlawv nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv (piv txwv, ib lub rhaub roj). Ib txoj kev zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog kev siv ntawm phosphate chiv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub ntsiab ntawm cov tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob - kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab mob - tsis zoo tawm tsam kab laug sab mites.
Muaj ntau cov cuab yeej rau tshem tawm kab tsuag ntawm zaub. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog xam kab tho, tab sis tsis muaj cov tshuab txuag dej rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv hauv cheeb tsam qhib, yog li ntawd, lawv nquag siv txoj kev sib txuas lus. Qhov kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (lub siab dua qhov ntsuas kub, qhov luv luv lub luv ntawm cov tshuaj txau). Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li Karbofos, Bitoxibacillin thiab lwm tus. Nws pom zoo kom ua cov nroj tsuag nrog rau cov kev npaj no thaum yav tsaus ntuj, yog li hais tias cov tshuaj ua tsis tau evaporate tam sim ntawd thiab muaj sij hawm los ua haujlwm rau cov cheeb tsam. Phytoseiulus mite yog suav hais tias yog tus qauv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kab laug sab mites, uas yog nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw cog qoob loo. Qhov kev ywv hav no txov cov qe ntawm cov kab, uas muaj txiaj ntsim rau nws txoj kev tuag. Cog phytoseiulus yog pom zoo ntawm cov pob txha ntawm peb lub lis piam.
Lub tswv yim rau gardeners: yuav ua li cas nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm cucumbers; pej xeem tshuaj rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests ntawm cucumbers.
Nws kuj muaj ntau hom neeg siv kev tua kab tsuag:
- kev kho mob nrog dej soap;
- kis mus rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nceb mushroom;
- cog dill, attracting ladybirds, uas yuav pab tau kom kov yeej kab laug sab mite.
Yees duab: sib ntaus nrog kab laug sab mite on cucumbers
Dawb mosaic
Dawb mosaic yog heev ntau kis tus kab mobuas yog feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob los yog cov nroj tsuag. Tus kab mob no nkag mus rau cov kab zaub los ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv uas raug puas tsuaj thiab raug xa mus rau cov hauv paus hniav. Hom kab mob no kis tau yooj yim heev rau cucumbers, raws li nws txo cov qoob loo, thiab kuj txo nws cov yeeb yam zoo. Yog vim li cas rau lub yeej ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm tus kab mob no muaj peev xwm yuav kub tau ntsuas (tshaj +25 ° C) thiab nws qhov kev txawv txav nyob rau hmo ntuj thiab nruab nrab.
Koj puas paub? Thaum lub dib yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, zoo li lub siab phem thiab siab hlob Turkish Sultan Mahomet tus Thib Ob qhib lub plab ntawm xya ntawm nws cov tub qhe thaum nws paub tias ib tug tau noj cov zaub uas xa tuaj rau nws.
Cov kab mob yooj yim tshaj ntawm kev paub txog tus kab mob no yog kev hloov hauv cov tsob nroj:
- txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lashes tsawg zuj zus;
- nyob rau ntawm cov ua cov nplooj ntawv yau, me me dawb me ntsis nrog xiav yellowish tinge tshwm, uas, raws li tus kab mob zuj zus, ua ke rau hauv ib qho dawb chaw nrog ntsuab leeg;
- Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj ib tug qauv tsis deformed thiab ib qho xim tsis txawv raws li theem ntawm tus kab mob.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus kab mob, tab sis tsuas yog lawv cov kev coj ua thiab kev mloog lus ntawm cov zaub grower yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kho cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias transplanting los yog processing fungicides tsis yog ib txoj kev zoo ntawm tau txais tshem dawb mosaic, tab sis cov kev ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws yog xam:
- periodic tshem tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua cov vector ntau tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob;
- yuav cov noob tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom pov thawj tseeb, raws li cov nroj tsuag uas lawv tau noj yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kab mob (cov noob yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau peb xyoo tom qab sau qoob);
- tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov zaub cov qoob loo tom qab sau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg;
- kaw cog tseem yog contraindicated;
- yog tias ua tau, tsis txhob ywg dej cucumbers nrog dej txias kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov hauv kub;
- mob cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai sai ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv;
- nqa tawm tag nrho cov kev ntsuas kom tiv thaiv tau cov tsos ntawm aphids;
- muab tshuaj tua kab noj qab nyob zoo thiab txhua lub caij ntuj sov cov khoom siv.
Peb pom zoo kom nyeem ntawv txog kev tswj kav tshuaj ntsuab: pawg neeg lom thiab cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag; txoj kev ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab kev kho neeg pej xeem.
Yees duab: sib ntaus sib tua mosaic ntawm cucumbers
Aphid
Ib qho ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm cucumbers yog aphid, uas koj yuav tsum tau pib sib ntaus hauv greenhouses nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab qhib hauv av los ntawm ib nrab-lub caij ntuj sov. Qhov no Kab Tsuag txau rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub meej cell Cell SAP. Cov txheej txheem heev ntawm kev noj cov khoom yog nrog los ntawm tho ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm tshuaj lom, uas provokes lub twisting ntawm nplooj. Nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawm daim ntawv no, cov kab hom, thiab tseem hides los ntawm cov noog thiab lwm cov yeeb ncuab kab, khaws cia nws cov pejxeem. Aphil kis sai txaus rau tag nrho cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag (ovaries, paj, tua).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias aphids raug kuaj pom, tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau noj kom sai li sai tau, vim cov kab no ua tau kom sai ib feem ntawm cov zaub hauv zaub thiab tawm ntawm cov zaub grower tsis muaj qoob loo. Cov kws kho mob hais tias yog nws tsis yog rau cov tsiaj "yeeb ncuab" ntawm kab no, ces yuav tsis muaj ib qho nroj tsuag ntawm cov ntiaj chaw, vim qhov kab no yog omnivorous.
Cov ntsaum uas pub rau hauv qab zib syrup tias cov pests emit yog coj mus rau qhov chaw tshiab ntawm aphids. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab tiv thaiv kev txiav txim yuav tsum yog extermination ntawm ant zos nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub site ntawm cultivation ntawm zaub kab lis kev cai. Muaj kuj muaj tag nrho ib qho ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas kom txo cov teeb meem tsis zoo ntawm aphids on cucumbers:
- nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xaiv cov feem ntau resistant ntau yam ntawm cov qoob loo rau cultivation;
- nyob rau hauv greenhouses nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txais qhov chaw dim pa kom ntau li ntau tau (ceev nws nrog qhov siv los yog lwm cov khoom zoo nplua mesh);
- ntawm qhib av, npog cov nroj tsuag nrog lub vas sab nonwoven yuav yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo.
Yuav tiv thaiv cov twb tau kis cov kab mob siv tau los ntawm kev siv lub teb chaws keeb kwm, nrog rau cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub agrotechnical.
Nyeem kuj hais txog kev sib ntaus tawm tsam aphids pej xeem tshuaj, tiv thaiv qucumbers los ntawm aphids.
Ntawm qhov nrov txoj kev tawm tsam lub cev muaj ib txoj kev ntawm kev kho mob nroj tsuag nrog tincture ntawm haus luam yeeb. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau ornamental nroj tsuag, tab sis tsis rau cucumbers, uas yog npaj rau tib neeg noj. Ntawm feem ntau haum pej xeem txoj kev muaj nqis sau cia ua noj profile tebchaw ntawm:
- qos saum;
- celandine;
- qej;
- dos tev;
- ntoo tshauv;
- dandelion;
- sorrel.
Kawm ntxiv txog kev ua luam yeeb, qos yaj ywm thiab lws suav saum.
Rau ntau yam zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsim zoo hauv cov kab no kuj yuav tsum ntxiv tshuaj ntxuav tes ntxuav tais diav. Cov sab nraud ntawm cov nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav zoo tshaj plaws ib zaug ib lub lim tiam kom txog thaum cov kab yog exterminated tag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam lub concentration ntawm Txoj kev lis ntshav, txij busting tsis tau tsuas yog muab tua kab kab, tab sis kuj hlawv lub nroj tsuag nws tus kheej, thiab tseem ua puas lub ntuj yeeb ncuab ntawm aphids, uas nws cov pejxeem rov qab ntau dua qeeb dua aphids.
Tsis tas li cov kev pab zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov kab no muaj peev xwm niaj hnub siv khoom:
- vodka pom qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thaum txau rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis cov txujci muaj ib qho kev cuam tshuam loj loj - tus nqi;
- Coca Cola muaj ib qho kev tivthaiv - orthophosphoric acid. Lub caij no sai heev tua tag nrho cov tsiaj txhu hauv cov zaub cov qoob loo uas txau kom zoo;
- tseem ceeb roj thiab dej qab zib nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 70 g ntawm ci dej qab zib mus rau 15 tee ntawm roj thiab 2 liv dej. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshuaj tsuag kab lis kev cai nrog xws li ib tug sib tov ib hnub ib hnub rau peb hnub, uas guarantees ua kom tiav kev tua kab tsuag.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus siab rau cov kev cai rau kev siv cov kev daws teeb meem. Los kuaj qhov ua tau zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau txheej txheem me me ntawm cov vaj zaub zaub thiab pom cov ntsiab lus, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd txaws tag nrho thaj chaw cog. Kev ua tau kuj yog nqa tawm ntawm theem ntawm kev sib tw ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis tsis pub dhau 40 hnub ua ntej harvesting.
Nrhiav seb yog vim li cas ovaries thiab cov nplooj ntawm cov keeb dib daj.
Los ntawm daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tua kab, Kinmiks, Inta-Vir thiab Arrivo yog qhov zoo, thiab los ntawm cov tshuaj - Fitoverm, Aktofit thiab lwm yam analogues. Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj lom, nws yog qhov pom zoo kom siv lawv tsis pub dhau peb lub lis piam ua ntej qhov pom ntawm qhov zes qe menyuam.
Kuj, phosphate thiab potash chiv yuav pab kom kov yeej aphids, uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv 18-20 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 8-10 g ntawm poov tshuaj chloride ib 10 liv dej.
Yees duab: txoj hauv kev nrog aphids on cucumbers
Dawb rot
Dawb rot yog ib hom mob fungal ntawm tsev cog khoom nroj tsuag uas cuam tshuam txhua qhov ntawm cov qoob loo, nrog rau qia, nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov kev mob uas tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov sclerotia fungus yog cov av qeeg thiab txo qis hauv kev ntsuas kub ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob no qhia tau tias yog ib qho siv ntau dua thaum lub caij cog qoob loo thiab cov pa tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev cog khoom. Lub slightest spore ntawm fungus, ntes tau nyob rau hauv lub mob ntawm zaub, leads mus rau tus kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov cim qhia ntawm dawb rot txawv nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob:
- thaum pib theem pib, ntub ntub dej yog tsim, uas kuj sai sai sawv ntawm cov keeb kwm;
- ces on qhov chaw ntawm lub me ntsis ib tug peculiar kev loj hlob yog tsim - ib mycelium (visually resembling paj rwb ntaub plaub);
- ces mucus yog tsim los ntawm no paj rwb, uas drips los ntawm nplooj ntawm lub cuam tshuam cog rau lwm bushes;
- ces cov mycelium ua ntau ntom thiab tsim tshwj xeeb sclerotia;
- tom qab no, qhov ua tiav rhuav pov ntawm zaub kab noj hniav yuav siv qhov chaw.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Склеротиния может оказать негативное воздействие на разных этапах созревания культуры, начиная от всходов и заканчивая стадией плодоношения.
Белая гниль попадает в почву с насыпным грунтом, водой или через садовый инвентарь. Заражение происходит путем мицелия, который распространяется воздушным и механическим путями. К гибели огурцов приводит гниение корней и стеблей. Также засыхание побегов значительно уменьшает урожайность растения. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm tus kab mob sai li sai tau tom qab txheeb xyuas cov thawj cov cim (nyiam dua ib hnub tsis muaj dab tsi nrog cov av noo). Ua ntej koj yuav tsum nres dej thiab fertilizing lub Cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag los txo cov av noo. Tus kab mob nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau kho nrog Topaz los yog Oxyhom sov so ntawm qhov kub.
Muaj kuj yog ib txoj kev nrov uas siv cov whey diluted hauv dej (3: 7 piv). Los txhim kho qhov kev siv ntawm 10 liv ntawm kev daws, koj yuav tsum ntxiv ib teaspoon tooj liab sulphate.
Kawm ntxiv txog kev siv cov xiav vitreiter: siv nyob rau hauv horticulture, raug mob thiab yuav tshwm sim ntawm tooj liab sulfate lom.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no ntaus ib feem me me ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ces nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nqa tawm txheej tom ntej ntawm kev ntsuas:
- thov kev daws ntawm chalk, poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej mus rau lub qhov chaw cuam tshuam;
- cais thiab rhuav tshem cov cheeb tsam (nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txeeb qee cov nqaij noj qab nyob zoo thaum sib cais kom tsawg dua qhov yuav ua tau rov qab kis dua);
- txheej txheem cov kev txiav nrog cov txiv qaub los yog thee kom ceev cov txheej txheem kev txhim kho;
- ces nws yog tsim nyog los tsim foliar fertilizer nrog ib tug daws ntawm urea (10 g), zinc (1 g), tooj liab sulphate (2 g) nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej. Qhov no yuav pab txhawb nqa kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
- los xyuas kom meej tej yam kev mob loj rau lub hav zoov: + 17 ... +19 ° C, ntsug ntev ntev thiab tsis tshua muaj dej ntau.
Muaj ib qho kab mob ntawm lub hav txwv yeem (thaum cov hmoov tawg tuaj yeem yuav luag tag nrho cov nroj tsuag), txoj kev kho mob tsis ua kom muaj kev nkag siab, yog li ntawd nws yog qhov yuav tsum tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thiab nyob ze cov av thiaj li txuag cov neeg nyob sib ze.
Cov txheej txheem kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev: kev kho mob ntawm cov av ua ntej cog, kom qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tshem tawm cov seem tom qab sau qoob. Qhov kev ntsuas rau hom kab mob no raug suav hais tias yuav tsum tau niaj hnub ua huab cua, tswj qhov qis ntawm huab cua ntawm cov av, nrog rau kev kho ib zaug ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog rau 0.01% planriz kua.
Yees duab: kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj ntawm dawb rot
Tsev cog khoom whitefly
Lub tsev xog paj whitefly yog ib tug tsis zoo txaus ntshai rau cucumbers uas nyob hauv tiv thaiv greenhouses. Tus kab mob no ua rau lub cev sai sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv cog kev tiv thaiv tsis ua raws, cov kab no ntim tag nrho cov tsev ntoo. Ib tug neeg laus tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tsev cog khoom whitefly yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm lub cev yellowish ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 0.9 mus rau 1.5 hli. Cov tis ntawm kab yog dawb, ntxhib, muaj peev xwm quav li ib qho. Whiteflies muaj lub teeb xim av antennae. Lub larvae ntawm no kab loj hlob mus txog 0.8 mm ntev, muaj ib tug zoo nkauj txhav shape, daj-ntsuab ntxoov ntxoo thiab reddish ob lub qhov muag. Txhua tus poj niam ntawm lub tsev cog khoom whitefly muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau tshaj li ib puas lub qe, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm embryos uas nws txawv ntawm ib lub lis piam mus rau ob, uas nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv cheeb tsam.
Koj puas paub? Los ntawm cov qe fertilized, cov txiv neej thiab cov pojniam tshwm sim hauv ib qho 1: 1 ratio, tab sis qhov siab dua huab cua, qhov ntau dua cov caug. Ntawm cov qe unfertilized, tsuas yog caug ua.
Lub voj voog ntawm kev ua neej yog pom los ntawm muaj rau theem, pib nrog lub qe, plaub theem ntawm lub larva thiab imago. Los ntawm cov qe theem mus rau theem tom ntej, nws yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm 20 mus rau 40 hnub, uas ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (kev ntsuas qis - + 21 ... +27 degrees saum tshaj xoom) thiab cua tshuab (ntawm 60 mus rau 75%). Nyob rau hauv ib lub caij, kev loj hlob ntawm kaum thiab ntau tiam ntawm whiteflies tau ua qhov chaw.
Peb tawm tswv yim rau koj los nyeem txog txoj hau kev ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag.
Tsev cog khoom whiteflies nyiam tso rau hauv tej pawg neeg ntawm ntau cov tib neeg nyob rau hauv qab ntawm daim nplooj, ua ib tug zoo ib yam li lub nplhaib. Cov neeg laus whiteflies, zoo li lawv cov larvae, pub on SAP ntawm xaiv nroj tsuag, uas tsis pub nws los tsim nquag. Tom qab ntawd, cov kab zais cia ua kua dej qab zib nrog lub qab zib saj, uas yog qhov ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob fungal (dub fungus) ntawm nplooj ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas ntxiv zog rau kev puas tsuaj rau zaub qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm loj heev kev puas tsuaj nplooj ua yuav luag dub los ntawm cov quav thiab twisted, maj ziab tawm, vim hais tias qhov no dub quav hniav tiv thaiv photosynthesis. Cov kab lis kev cai pib lub txheej txheem ntawm tus kab mob, tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua tsawg thiab tsawg dua, thiab lub resulting tau sau yog tsawg. Ua ntej, nplooj yog puas nyob rau sab saum toj, tom qab uas lub whitefly tau tsiv mus raws tag nrho qoob loo ntawm qoob loo, poob rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas nyob sib ze thiab kev ua kom muaj. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws hloov mus rau zaub cov qoob loo thiab cov nroj tsuag hauv cov chaw qhib.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub tsev cog paj whitefly tau ua cim los ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws kev ua si txij li thaum thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov thiab Autumn. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, kev ua neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob yog nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas nws tau nyob hauv: nws yog maximally rau eggplants (35 hnub lossis tshaj saud), thiab minimally (4 hnub) rau kua txob.
Hothouse whitefly tuaj yeem tswm ntawm ntau tshaj 200 hom ntawm nroj tsuag, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws yog txaus ntshai rau cucumbers thiab txiv lws suav. Kom tsis txhob pom ntawm lub tsev xog paj whitefly on cov qoob loo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ceev faj, nqa tawm prophylactic kev kho mob:
- qhov qhib qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev cog paj yog pom zoo kom kaw nrog yoov tshaj cum nets;
- Ua ntej cog cov zaub hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom, nroj tsuag yuav tsum muab tshem tawm tag nrho thiab ua tiav nrog qhov xwm txheej thiab dhau los;
- txheej txheem kev coj noj coj ua tas li nrog ib qho tshuaj ntxuav tes ntawm tsev neeg;
- nws raug pom zoo los tuav lub hom uas tsis siab hauv kub nyob hauv lub tsev cog khoom (kab tsuag nyiam kub thiab cua sov);
- Koj tuaj yeem mulch cov av los ntawm ntxiv cov ntawv ci kom ntshai lub whitefly, tab sis qhov no yog tsim rau cov qoob loo tsawg.
Cov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tsis yog ib qho zoo, thiab lawv pib tshwm. cov cim qhia ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tsev xog paj whitefly:
- yellowish me ntsis tshwm rau ntawm nplooj nrog cov cim ciam uas tau teev tseg, uas maj nce hauv me me;
- nplooj thiab tua yog cov nplaum, ces tag nrho qhuav;
- nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nplooj muaj ib tug tua nrog ib tug qhia tau tias brilliance;
- ib tus kab mob fungal tsim, tom qab ntawm cov blacks cuam tshuam rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej.
Kawm dab tsi ua nrog rau midges on cucumbers.
Tom qab paub cov kev qhia zoo li no yuav tau siv whitefly ntaus sib tua:
- Cov tshuaj tua kabmob (suav cov kabmob uas muaj kabmob ua haujlwm, siv cov dej tshuaj yoojyim nrog cov kua ntxuav tais diav) tsis txawv nrog kev lav paub, vim kab tsuag tuaj yeem rov mus rau cov qoob loo, tabsis, nws yuav yooj yim rau cov nroj tsuag ib ntus. Cov khoom siv dag zog muaj xws li cov khoom siv ntawm cov nplaum los ntawm daj los xiav cov ntawv kho nrog tov ntawm castor roj, roj av jelly, rosin, zib ntab.
- Kev Lom Zem Kev Tswj Txheej Txheem Txhaum Cai: kab mob parasite enkarsia, uas yog tshwj xeeb zus los mus tua whitefly thiab tuag thaum nws noj tag nrho; ntuj thawj zaug - 1 lub taub hau qej ncuav ib nrab ntawm liter dej, tawm rau ib lub lim tiam, ces dilute nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm 5 g ntawm infusion ib liter dej thiab txheej txheem tag nrho cov nroj tsuag; qhov thib ob xaiv - 80 g ntawm yarrow nplooj ncuav ib liter dej, lim, txau rau kab lis kev cai);
- Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab kab mob hauv cov huab uas muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau cov qoob loo cog qoob loo whitefly).
Yees duab: ntaus nrog whitefly
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob dib: xyuas
Qoob sau qoob yog ib qho yooj yim yooj yim yog tias nws yog kev saib xyuas zoo, ua tib zoo, thiab yog tias tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas raug coj los ntawm kev sib zog nrig. Nrog no mus kom ze, cov nroj tsuag yuav ua tsaug rau qhov zoo kawg nkaus sau ntawm delicious, zoo nkauj thiab noj qab haus huv cucumbers, thiab cov av yuav nyob twj ywm huv thiab fertile.