Strawberries, los yog vaj strawberries - ib qho ntawm feem nrov thiab nyiam berries rau feem ntau cov neeg. Thiab qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb saj thiab aroma uas tsis zoo li lwm yam. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov berries, thiab txhua ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv. Qhov no tsab xov xwm yuav sib tham txog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov lus cog tseg ntawm strawberries - "Marmalade".
Txog yug me nyuam
Ua tsaug rau cov Italians rau xws li ib tug nplua nuj pos nphuab, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv 1989 lawv bred no ntau yam. Yuav kom tau "Marmalade", ntau hom "Gorela" thiab "Nyiaj so koobtsheej" tau hla.
Koj puas paub? Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias strawberries yog heev Sweet, lawv muaj ib tug tsawg npaum li cas suab thaj, txawm tsawg tshaj li ntawm txiv qaub.
Kev txheeb raws roj ntsha thiab tsos mob
Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm "Marmalade" los ntawm lwm yam, koj yuav tsum paub txog nws cov nta lwm. 
Bushes
Qhov ntau yam muaj ib tug ncaj haum, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm compact Bush. Nws yog siab (txog 30-40 cm), kis, nrog ib tug loj ntsuab ib feem thiab ntau yam tua.
Cov nplooj ntawm Bush yog tsa thiab muaj ib qho xim ntsuab xim.
Inflorescences muaj ntau, qhia upwards thiab tsa los saum cov nplooj. Blooms profuse, thiab paj lawv tus kheej yog dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim.
Berries
Berries ntau yam "Marmalade" muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm nta, rau uas no Strawberry yog hlub los ntawm ntau gardeners:
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov loj (25-30 g), tej zaum kuj loj heev (txog li 40 g);
- tsis tu ncua kev sib haum xeeb nrog cov ntse thiab ntse ntsis;
- xim ci xim liab;
- berries yog ntom, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj kua thiab heev Sweet (nrog lub teeb sourness);
- pronounced aroma.
Varietal nta
Yuav kom tau qoob loo zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau los mus suav nyiaj rau yam ntxwv.
Drought tsis kam thiab Frost tsis kam
"Marmalade" resistant to low temperatures, tab sis nyob rau hauv txias (hauv qab--15 ° S) thiab lub teeb snow snow winters yuav tsum tau chaw. Yog hais tias lub caij ntuj no yog snowy, ces lub strawberries tau withstand kub txog -30 ° C.
Variety tolerates drought zoo, tab sis niaj zaus thiab li niaj zaus dej tseem yog tseem ntshaw, txwv tsis pub cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav poob lawv cov juiciness thiab txaus nyiam. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ntau watering rau bushes puas.
Ripening lub sij hawm thiab tawm los
Marmalade muaj qhov nruab nrab sij hawm. Ntau yam ua rau ib tus zoo sau. Los ntawm ib Bush tau sau los ntawm 700 g rau 1 kg ntawm berries. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nrog tu thiab haum climatic mob, lub bushes tau dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab 2 zaug ntawm ib lub caij.
Koj puas paub? Vim yog qhov muaj cov kabmob ntawm cov vitamins ntawm pawg B, cov txiv pos nuv ntses yog cov tseem ceeb rau lub hlwb thiab pom zoo siv los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau.
Tsheb thauj mus los
Txawm tias nws cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, strawberries ntawm no ntau yam yog zoo tua thiab thauj tshaj ntev ncua kev. Berries tsis crumple thiab tsis txhob cia lub kua txiv, txawm thaum thauj nyob rau hauv thawv nrog ib tug txheej txog li 20 cm. 
Daim ntawv thov
Vim nws saj, Strawberry ntau "Marmalade" muaj ntau hom kev siv:
- Nws yog noj raw, ua los ntawm nws ntau kis thiab khoom qab zib;
- berries yog tsim los ntawm jams thiab preserves;
- thov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau cov hom phiaj zoo nkauj (tawv nqaij, plaub hau).
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog rau zaub mov txawv rau npaj cov txiv pos nphuab: jam, marmalade, candy, compote, tincture, Frost.
Qhov twg cog rau ntawm qhov chaw
Ntau "Marmalade" yog nyiam heev ntawm cov amateur gardeners, thiab rau kev loj hlob rau kev muag khoom. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau qoob loo yuav tsim nyog rau kev rau siab, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov technology loj hlob.
Qhov zoo ntawm yav tom ntej sau nyob ntawm seb ntawm qhov chaw raug xaiv thiab cov nroj tsuag raug cog:
- Cov av yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab. Acidic xau yuav tsum yog txiv qaub ntxiv, txwv tsis pub cov qoob loo yuav txo qis qis dua thiab zoo dua.
- Lub site yog ntshaw kom xaiv hnub ci, nrog ib tug me me ntawm ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov tsis tuaj ntawm tshav ntuj yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Kaw cov av ntog muaj cov nyhuv ntawm qhov cog, ces lawv yuav tsum zam.
- Yog hais tias kev nyab xeeb nws tus kheej yog humid, ces bushes yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw.
Kawm li cas cog txiv pos nphuab hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, raws li yuav tsum vov khoom, nyob hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom, siv Dutch technology, kom loj hlob ntawm noob.
Yog hais tias booths (qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav) loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub cuab ntxhiab, ces nws tsis pom zoo rau cog strawberries on nws, raws li lawv zoo deplete cov av cov kev pab.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab hauv cov av yog cov zaub ua si, beets, cucumbers los yog lettuce. 
Yuav ua li cas cog seedlings
Rau kev cog kom zoo, koj yuav tsum ua raws li kev siv tshuab thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia:
- Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau kev tsaws yog qhov kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus sau yuav rov qab rau tsuas yog rau lub caij tom ntej, tab sis tshaj lub caij ntuj no lub bushes yuav paus zoo thiab loj hlob zoo.
- Qhov deb ntawm bushes yuav tsum yog txog 30-35 cm, thiab nruab nrab ntawm kab - 50 cm Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias bushes yog haib txaus thiab yuav tsum tau chaw rau tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob.
- Cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum haum nyob rau hauv lub qhov taub.
- Lub seedling xav tau kev sau nrog lub ntiaj teb tsis heev tightly, thiaj li hais tias hauv paus system muaj nkag tau rau oxygen.
- Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, lub bushes yuav tsum tau watered kom ceev txoj kev loj hlob thiab zoo dua lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tau tshaj plaws zoo sau, Strawberry cuab ntxhiab yuav tsum tau npaj los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav: sow nrog ntsuab mane, uas yog mowed nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj, thiab fertilize nrog tag nrho cov tsim nyog av hom nyob rau hauv lub xaiv plot.
Kev saib xyuas hauv tsev
Tom qab qhov chaw yog xaiv kom raug thiab cog cog yog nqa tawm, strawberries xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo:
- Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau dej yog txia dej. Yog hais tias qhov no dej tsis tau muab, ces dej yuav tsum tau ua manually. Cov zaus yog nyob ntawm cov huab cua puag hauv dav dav thiab cov huab cua puag hauv particular. Nruab nrab, dej ywg nroj tsuag yuav tsum yog 1 lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv 4-7 hnub, qhov zaus ntawm cov dej nyob txawv sij hawm ntawm lub caij ntuj no yog kwv yees li tib yam, qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov dej siv. Yog hais tias nws rained, tom ntej no cov dej yuav raug muab tso tseg. Nyob rau hauv kub lub sij hawm, dej tau noj ib 1 square. m. yog 20 liv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub txias - 10-12 liv dej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj noo noo significantly cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm berries, ua lawv tsawg muaj kua thiab zoo nkauj.
- Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim tias lub txaj tsis tig mus rau thickets, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua ntu trim lub antennae nyob rau bushes. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau txoj kev no yog caij nplooj zeeg, thaum tag nrho sau yog twb tau sau. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, nws yog qhia kom tsis txhob tag nrho tag nrho antennae thiab paj, uas yuav muab cov nroj tsuag ntau lub zog kom loj hlob.
- Loosening yog ib txoj kev yuav tsum tau tom qab ntim dej. Nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm mus rau ib lub tob ntawm 8-12 cm, tab sis yuav tsum tau ceev faj, pub kom koj tuaj yeem puas lub hauv paus system. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tshem tawm ntawm weeds uas tau tsim txij li yav dhau los weeding yog nqa tawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag pliaj los ntawm hauv paus, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav rov qab sai sai.
- Hloov rau "Marmalade" yog xav tau txhua 3 xyoos. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub berries yuav ntawm zoo zoo thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntau yam.
- Mulching yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv ob lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, mus rau khaws cia noo noo, koj muaj peev xwm mulch nrog sawdust los yog txawm cardboard. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws yog qhia kom ua li no nrog kev pab los ntawm fir ceg thiab agrofiber (los yog lwm yam khoom siv nonwoven) on to top. Qhov no yuav pab tau cov nroj tsuag ciaj sia.
- Tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yog ntshaw kom ua, txawm qhov tseeb tias ntau yam yog heev resistant rau ntau qhov chaw mob (kab mob thiab kab). Yuav kom ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj tsuag lub caij nyoog nrog cov phiv tawm thiab cov tshuaj tua kab. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav raws li cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj thiab lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
- Yuav kom tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, hnav khaub ncaws yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb. Ntxiv mus, cov nroj tsuag teb zoo rau ob qho tag nrho cov mineral thiab cov organic chiv.
Kev noj zaub mov zoo fertilizing yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv ntau theem:
Kev noj zaub mov zoo fertilizing yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv ntau theem:- ua ntej cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los khawb cov av nrog peat thiab humus (5-8 kg ib 1 sq. m);
- tom qab qhov tsos ntawm thawj nplooj ntawv, nitrogen supplementation yog nqa tawm; urea yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum (30 g ib 1 thoob dej);
- thaum lub sij hawm flowering potassium nitrate yog siv (25 g ib 1 thoob dej), uas flows ncaj qha nyob rau hauv hauv paus;
- ua ntej pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no txias, rotted manure (1 thoob) thiab tshauv (1 khob) siv.
Kawm ntxiv txog kev txia dej: qhov zoo ntawm kev siv, kev koom tes ntawm kev txauv tuaj tua, kev xaiv thiab kev tsim cov kab xev tawm, txia dej los ntawm cov yas hwj.Nyeem kuj txog kev saib xyuas ntawm strawberries: hnav khaub ncaws hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg; tawm hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (thaum lub sij hawm flowering), tom qab sau, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
Pros thiab cons
Strawberry "Marmalade" muaj ntau tus tshaj lij:
- zoo nkauj tsos;
- nplua nuj saj thiab aroma;
- unpretentiousness thiab txheeb ze yooj yim ntawm kev loj hlob;
- qhov tsim nyog thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev thauj mus los;
- high tsis kam mus rau kab mob thiab ntau yam huab cua puag.
Tab sis li no ntau yam muaj cons? Tau, zoo li txhua yam nroj tsuag, nws muaj nws tus kheej tsis muaj zog:
- yog tias huab cua sov tau pom thaum lub sij hawm ripening lub sij hawm, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen tsis zoo, ua softer thiab tsawg qab zib thiab tsw qab;
- ntom tso chaw ntawm bushes nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb ua rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo me me;
- tag nrho nws cov peev xwm tsuas yog rau cov tsis haum nruab nrab, nyob rau hauv lwm rooj plaub qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo tsawg zuj zus;
- berries yog raug rau tej yam kab mob (dawb thiab xim av chaw).
Nyeem kuj hais txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag ntawm strawberries: fusarium thiab verticillium wilt, redness ntawm nplooj, nematodes.
Yees duab: 'Marmolada' xyuas
Strawberries 'Marmolada': gardeners xyuas
Muaj lub siab xav thiab me ntsis kev paub, koj tuaj yeem ua ib daim ntawv lag luam ntawm koj lub cuab yeej tawm ntawm vaj txiv pos nphuab ntau yam "Marmalade". Tom qab tag nrho, loj thiab six berries yuav tsis tawm indifferent ib yam ntawm koj tus hlub los yog qhua thiab yuav nco ntsoov los ntawm tus neeg uas sim lawv rau ib lub sij hawm ntev.
