Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm hom fungi, yog li nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob hais tias muaj xws li "inhabitants ntawm lub hav zoov" uas ib txhia tsis txawm hnov ntawm. Ib ntawm lawv yog tus tshis lub nceb, uas yog feem ntau ignored los ntawm cov neeg nceb hauv kev poob siab.
Txaus Siab
Cov kabmob tshis yog mus rau tsev neeg ntawm cov kab mob, lub noob ntawm roj. Nws tseem hu ua ib tug tshis, louisers, ib tug kiv cua daj, ib tug nyuj, ib qho zaub butter qhuav, Ivanchik. Cov tshis yog ib yam tseem ceeb thiab muaj feem plaub hom zaub mov zoo.. 
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm fungi muaj xws li phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, amino acids, sugars, kev noj haus fiber, lecithin, phosphatides. Los ntawm cov vitamins nyob rau hauv lub lattice muaj B1, B2, D, PP. Cov protein nyob hauv cov nceb yog absorbed los ntawm lub cev los ntawm 70%, thiab rog tau 95%.
Koj puas paub? Lub nceb siab tshaj plaws nyob hauv xyoo 1859, hauv cov pob txha, uas yog li 420 lab xyoo.
Nws zoo li cas
Yog tias koj tab tom npaj ib qho sortie rau cov nceb, ces nws yuav tsis ua rau koj xav paub ntxiv txog tus tshis zoo li cas.
Lub kaus mom
Kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lath yog yooj yim. Nws muaj ib lub hau me me uas muaj lub taub ntawm 3-9 cm, ca duab nrog ib tug tubercle hauv nruab nrab. Txav mus rau cov npoo nws cov voos ua thinner. Nws yog qhuav thiab du, thiab thaum lub sij hawm los nag nws ua kua thiab nplua. 
Cov xim ntawm lub cap yuav yog lub teeb daj, xim av, qee zaus xim av, nyob ntawm seb yuav mob li cas.
Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb, lub caps yog zoo, txawm, thiab nyob rau hauv lub qub tshis lawv poob lawv cov puab thiab puag ncig, ua deformed thiab tawg.
Pulp
Cov nqaij ntawm cov me nyuam muaj kev ntxhib thiab elastic kev ntxhib los mos. Nws muaj lub teeb xim daj nrog lub qab ntxiag nceb qab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Mushroom pickers pom zoo kom tsis txhob overripe thiab cov laus cov me nyuam, raws li lawv hnyav thiab tsis zoo los ntawm lub cev. Tsis tas li, koj tuaj yeem noj cov nceb noj rau cov menyuam tsis tau muaj 3 xyoos.
Ceg
Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev muaj qhov siab li ntawm 3 mus rau 10 cm, thiab cov thickness yog kwv yees li 2 cm. Cov ceg yog cylindrical, nws ua rau ze ze ntawm lub hau. Nws tsis muaj tiab, tab sis nws cov tawv nqaij tau muab sib cais. Cov xim ntawm ob txhais ceg yog tib yam li hais tias ntawm lub hau - nws yog daj ntseg daj, lub teeb xim av, xim av. 
Tubular txheej
Nyob rau nraum qab ntawm lub hau yog ib qho uas nyob ib sab ntawm cov tubular. Hlab qaub me ntsis ntawm ceg. Lawv cov xim nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub fungus: qhov loj dua yog qhov tsaus nti lub tubules.
Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tshis, lawv yog cov xim daj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov laus - xim av. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tubules yog loj thiab angular, thaum lub puab qhov hws yog me thiab nyias.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nceb yog: chanterelles nrog kev pabcuam uas lawv raug kho, zoo li porcini nceb, russules, honey agarics, volushki, ryadovki, mokhovik, mis nyuj nceb, boletus nceb thiab boletus nceb.
Spore hmoov
Spore hmoov hauv cov menyuam yog lub teeb xim av lossis txiv ntseej xim.
Qhov twg yog pom, thiab thaum twg koj tuaj yeem sau tau
Cov me nyuam loj hlob hauv hav zoov Pine, yam tsawg kawg - hauv cov hav zoov uas sib xyaw, hauv qab pines, ntawm av av. Yuav tuaj yeem loj tuaj rau nraum zoov, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw voj voog, nyob hauv daim teb thiab meadows. Xav xaiv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev nyab xeeb. 
Nceb tau pom muaj npe thiab nyob hauv pawg me. Lub sij hawm ripening ntawm cov me nyuam yog los ntawm Lub Rau Hli mus txog rau Kaum Ib Hlis. Zoo sau tau sau tom qab hnyav nag.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws tsis pom zoo kom sau cov nceb ntawm cov chaw ua lag luam, vim lawv nqus cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw zoo heev.
Noj
Cov menyuam ua tau zoo rau kev ua noj ua haus ib zaug, thiab rau lub caij ntuj no. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau siav, kib, marinated thiab qhuav. Ntawm lawv npaj zaub nyoos, ntxiv rau soups.
Ua tsaug rau lawv cov hau kev qhuav, qhov nceb yuav luag txhua zaus.
Tab sis ua ntej ua ntej, lawv tseem yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, txhim kho thiab tshem tawm cov chaw qhuav. Txhawm rau muab pov tseg, cia li tsau dej hauv ob peb feeb, yaug thiab koj pib ua noj.
Npaum li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas
Yog xav ua noj cov menyuam, lawv yuav tsum muab txiav rau hauv peb lossis plaub daim thiab muab tso rau hauv ib saucepan. 
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau sau cov nceb nrog dej thiab boil rau 20-30 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, lawv npaj noj.
Koj puas paub? Nceb muaj lub zog loj "hlo" uas pab lawv loj hlob los ntawm asphalt thiab txawm tias pob zeb ci ntsa iab. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tob hauv kev loj hlob tuaj yeem ncav cuag xya atmospheres, uas sib sau mus rau ntawm lub tsheb nrawm ntawm kaum tsheb muag tsheb.
Yuav ua li cas kom pickle
Kom marinate cov me nyuam, koj yuav tsum tau:
- tshiab nceb - 1 kg;
- ntsev - 3 tsp;
- qab zib - 2 tsp;
- qej - 2 cloves;
- Carnation - 3 pcs;
- dub kua txob - ib ob peb peas;
- Bay nplooj;
- qhuav qhuav;
- vinegar 9% - 3 tbsp. l
Cov nceb yuav tsum txheeb, ntxuav, ntxuav. Ntsuas hnoos loj raug pom zoo kom muab txiav ua ke. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau muab tais rau ib lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev thiab ntxuav dua.Los npaj lub marinade, ntsev, piam thaj, cloves, qej, kua txob, Bay nplooj ntoos, dill yuav tsum tau tov nyob rau hauv dej ntshiab.
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv muaj nceb, boil thiab boil rau lwm 5 feeb.
Kawm li cas marinate nceb noj xws li mis nyuj nceb, boletus, thiab nceb.
Tom qab ntawd, tshem tawm lub lauj kaub los ntawm tshav kub, ntxiv vinegar rau nws, muab cov me nyuam nrog rau marinade nyob rau hauv sterilized jars thiab yob lawv nrog hau. 
Yuav ua li cas kom qhuav
Yuav kom qhuav lub nceb, lawv yuav tsum tau txheeb tawm, tshem tawm cov chaw qhuav, ntxuav, wiped. Feem ntau lawv qhuav tag nrho, tab sis, yog xav tau, txiav mus rau hauv cov ntawv loj. Npaj cov menyuam qhuav yog dai rau hauv tshav ntuj.
Koj tuaj yeem hlais lawv hauv cov paib nyias thiab npaj lawv kom ziab hauv qhov chaw zoo tso rau ob peb hnub.
Muaj lwm txoj kev, sai dua kom qhuav. Ua li no, tso cov nceb hauv qhov cub thiab qhuav ntawm qhov kub ntawm 70 ... 80 ° S nrog lub qhov rooj qhib.
Koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov hmoov mos lwj los ntawm cov me nyuam qhuav, uas koj tuaj yeem tau qab qab zib kua qab, ntses, kua xau. Lawv tsuas yog xav tau nyob rau hauv ib lub kasfes grinder - thiab zoo hmoov rau flavouring cov zaub mov npaj. 
Thaum lub sij hawm "kev yos hav zoov yau" tsis txhob muab li ncej li ib tug tshis. Nws muaj txiaj ntsim zoo noj haus zoo, nws yooj yim kom dhos thiab ntxuav. Thiab tseem los ntawm cov nceb no koj tuaj yeem noj ntau ntau yam khoom cua, tuaj qaub lawv, qhuav lawv, ua kom cov hmoov mos lwj, uas yuav ntxiv ib qhov tsw rau koj cov tais diav.
