Tom qab los nag rau ntawm txoj kev hauv kev, hauv meadows thiab glades muaj puag ncig lossis pear-shaped nceb - raincoats. Ripened specimens muaj ib qho hmoov hmoov nyob rau hauv nws uas zoo li plua plav, uas yoov tawm ntawm lub cev nqaij ntsuab yog tias kov. Vim li no, raincoats muaj lwm lub npe: fluttering, plua plav collector, mushroom tobacco thiab lwm tus. Mushroom pickers feem ntau ignore nws, thiab yog vim li cas, cov neeg yub siab tau ntev txaus siab rau nws saj. Xav seb yuav ua li cas thiaj li tau los nag, lawv ntau yam, thiab lawv tau npaj zoo li cas.
Tau los tsis tau
Yuav luag txhua hom nag edible. Tab sis cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau noj tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas luam nrog dawb elastic cev nqaij daim tawv. Raws li cov hnoos nyoog hnub nyoog thiab paub tab, lawv cov pulp ua daj, txhuam, ces darkens thiab nyob nrog cov hmoov hmoov. Twb tsuas yog me ntsis yellowed daim ntawv tsis pom zoo, raws li nws twb poob nws saj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qee zaus cov laus daj ntseg toadstools zoo li yoov. Tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim los txiav txim siab no los ntawm txiav lub nceb lub cev nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab nrhiav nyob rau hauv seem ntawm ceg thiab lub cim xeeb cwj pwm ntawm toadstool. Yog tias koj twb pom ib qho daj ntseg toadstool nyob tom tsev, ces tag nrho lwm cov hu ua fungi uas tau los rau hauv kev sib chwv nrog nws yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, vim tias hom kab mob amanita twb tau "muaj tus kab mob" nrog rau nws cov kab mob lom. Ntxuav tes kom zoo nrog xab npum thiab dej.
Nrog cov nroj tsuag siav yog zoo ib yam crooks. Cov nceb no kuj muaj qhov sib txawv, tab sis lawv cov tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij muaj ntau zeeg, nws darkens sai sai thaum cov hlab ntsha paub tab, tshuav ntev ntev, feem ntau muaj cov qauv marble thiab cov leeg. Txawm tias cov tub ntxhais hluas lozhadozhiviki tsis muaj nqaij ntawm ntshiab dawb xim, feem ntau yog yellowish los yog txiv ntseej tones yog tam sim no. Txhua tus kuj pom tias nws tsis hnov ntxhiab. 
Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov dej nag yog yooj yim los txheeb xyuas. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los txiav nws nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab saib lub pulp sab hauv. Nws yuav tsum dawb, ntom, tsis muaj ceg lossis ib qho cim ntawm qhov tsim tawm ntawm cov mob.
Kawm koj tus kheej nrog cov feem ntau ntawm cov khoom noj tau thiab phom sij txaus ntshai, thiaj li tsis txhob yuam kev rau ntawm "av qus."
Tsos
Rau cov rainbows yog cov cim los ntawm qee cov cim qhia.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev
Cov duab ntawm lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv raincoats tsa ib lub pob los yog ib lub txiv moj coos thiab muaj ib cov qauv kaw. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg nyob ntawm seb hom twg. Lawv muaj cov tawv tev, feem ntau nrog pos, poob tawm nrog lub hnub nyoog. Raws li nws hlob hnub nyoog, lub fungus darkens thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub chamber, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ib tug spore hmoov. Cov tev ua thinner thiab kua muag yooj yim, ntuav tawm cov kab mob. 
Ceg
Division ua hau thiab taw tsis tuaj. Qee hom muaj pseudopod, qee zaus kuj pomzoo, thiab qee qhov nws tau hais ntau heev.
Pulp
Nyob rau ntawm ib tug hluas mushroom pulp yog dawb, es tuab thiab ywj. Lub fungus sai sai qub thiab cov nqaij ntawm thawj yellows thiab ua tsawg dua elastic, nplaum. Tom qab ntawd nws tseem tsaus ntuj, shrinks thiab nyob nrog spore hmoov. 
Spore hmoov
Ib qho hmoov hmoov yog tsaus ntsuab lossis xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab zoo li cov plua plav uas tawm los thaum nias los ntawm cov laus nceb. Cov kab mob hauv lawv tus kheej yog pob-puab thiab tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov sib txawv hauv cov tsiaj txawv.
Thaum twg thiab qhov twg los nag nceb loj tuaj
Raincoats ntau heev nyob rau txhua lub teb chaws tshwj tsis yog Antarctica thiab loj hlob txhua txhia qhov chaw. Feem ntau hauv peb cheeb tsam koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav lawv thaum xaus rau lub caij ntuj sov thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau lawv nyob qhov twg, nrog txoj kev, hauv vaj, ntawm cov nyom, meadows thiab glades, tom hav zoov. Qee hom no tsuas pom hauv meadows thiab meadows, tab sis lwm tus ho nyiam forests, feem ntau cov kab ntsig los sis tov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Raincoats tau nqus cov co toxins ntau rau hauv lawv tus kheej, yog li ntawd nws tsis tuaj yeem sau lawv raws txoj kev los yog nyob ze cov chaw zov me nyuam.
Yees duab: npaum li cas thiab seb lawv sau cov raincoats
Ntau yam
Raincoats yog ib hom ntawm champignon tsev neeg ntawm nceb. Tib tsev neeg kuj muaj xws li ntsias, zoo ib yam li cov kab mob hu ua fungi, uas yog lub npe nrov tshaj plaws uas yog ib qho dej nag loj (los yog loj heev golovach).
Kawm ntxiv txog champignons: cov txiaj ntsim thiab kev ua mob rau lub cev, txoj kev loj hlob, loj hlob tom tsev.
Gigantic
Giant nag tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 50 cm ntawm dav thiab mus txog 7 kg ntawm qhov hnyav. Cov fungus feem ntau hlob nyob rau hauv lub tropics, tab sis peb kuj puav zaus hauv meadows, pastures, glades thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nws muaj xim dawb lossis grayish, uas ua xim av nyob rau hauv cov hnub nyoog laus. Cov nqaij ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov qauv yog edible thiab muaj ib tug heev tsw.
Pear puab
Hom kab no loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo tawg hauv pawg coob thiab tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob hauv hav zoov hav zoov. Nceb hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj nqaij dawb, yuav luag dawb xim thiab me ntsis prickly, nrog rau lub sij hawm lawv tig xim av thiab ua tus du, raws li yog tawg. Lawv cov pedicle feem ntau yog conspicuous thiab ua rau lawv pear-puab, 1.5-7 cm siab. Zoo li feem ntau cov raincoats, nws yog ib qho zoo nkauj muv, tab sis tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog.
Xim av los yog qis
Nws zoo li lub pob me me nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 1-6 cm ntawm lub palatine. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau tsim muaj xim dawb, uas nws thiaj li tiav hlo thiab ces xim av tones. Qhov saum npoo yog them nrog koob spikes, uas muaj xim ib tsos tsaus tsawv tshaj lub plhaub ntawm fungus. Mus txog 8 cm siab. Prefers coniferous los yog tov hav zoov tracts.
Koj puas paub? Txij thaum lub sij hawm ancient, spores ntawm rainwear tau siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm bronchitis, mob ntsws thiab tuberculosis, tawm tsam qog nqaij hlav. Lub cev nqaij daim tawv siv rau qhov mob thiab khawb rau lawv txoj kev kho sai.
Tiaj nyom
Nws muaj ib tug me me loj ntawm 1-6 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb thiab 1.2-5 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Txij lub sij hawm, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab flattens thiab xim dawb tig xim av. Lub taub ntsws plab yog pom. Nws hlob tuaj hauv meadows, glades, hav zoov npoo. Edible ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog, thaum nqaij yog dawb, ywj.
Prickly, los yog Pearl
Hauv daim ntawv ntawm no cov nceb yuav zoo ib yam li mace lossis pear txog li 4 cm thiab 2 cm rau 9 cm siab, nws muaj qhov dav, pom tseeb ceg, thiab nws qhov chaw npog nrog spines, zoo ib yam li pearls. Cov xim yog dawb, dhau xim av nrog lub sij hawm, thiab dawb cov nqaij ntub ua txhuam, muag thiab tsaus ntuj. Cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb noj. Loj hlob txij thaum lub Rau Hli mus txog rau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg (mus txog rau Lub Kaum Hli) hauv meadows, hav zoov sawv thiab qhov chaw hauv me.
Koj puas paub? Qhov loj tshaj plaws mushroom mushroom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog ib tug giant raincoat. Nws muaj ib qhov ceeb thawj ntawm 22 kg thiab nws cov circumference yog 2.64 meters. Canadian Jean Guy Richard pom nws hauv 2007. Nws ua tib zoo khawb qhov nceb nrog ib lub vaj zaub duav.
Tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom sib
Cov lus ntawm cov khoom no muaj xws li (ib 100 g):
- proteins - 4.3 grams;
- carbohydrates - 1 gram;
- Rog - 1 gram.
Mushroom muaj xws li cov zaub mov: Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, fluorine, chromium, hlau, zinc, iodine, rubidium thiab molybdenum.
Cov nqaij muaj txiaj ntsig enzymes amylase, lipase, proteinaseas thiab oxidoreductase. Muaj amino acids tryptophan, methionine, cystine, phenylalanine thiab lwm tus.
Nws lub cev txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob uas ua rau tuberculosis bacillus thiab ib yam khoom uas muaj cov kab mob khees-xaws (anti-cancer), paub tseeb los ntawm cov tsiaj sim. 
Tseem ceeb thaj chaw ntawm raincoats:
- ntxuav lub cev thiab tshem cov co toxins, radionuclides;
- muaj cov yam ntxwv hemostatic;
- tsawg-calorie - 100 grams muaj 27 kcal;
- muaj antibacterial zog;
- antitumor zog (nrog rau kev khees-xawj cancer);
- nce kev tiv thaiv;
- ua kom tawv nqaij zoo, noj qab nyob zoo;
- hloov tshiab;
- txhim kho cov teeb meem metabolic;
- positively cuam tshuam rau txoj hnyuv;
- txhim kho cov hlab plawv.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov khoom siv thiab daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ntau ceg ntawm nceb: mis nyuj nceb, boletus, ceps, shiitake, chaga (birch fungus).
Siv hauv kev ua noj
Vim nws zoo tshaj plaws saj thiab muaj, qhov nceb mushroom feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev ua noj ua haus rau ntau lub lauj kaub tais diav - soups, zaub nyoos, casseroles, khoom noj txom ncauj thiab ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov nplua tsuas yog cov qauv me me xwb hom no. Lawv yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv qhuav, kib, boiled, pickled daim ntawv. Raw nceb yuav tsum tau siv sai sai tom qab sau qoob los yog qhuav. Koj tuaj yeem xyaw thawj zaug kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob hauv lub cev, thiab tom qab ntawd ces muab kib, taub ntsev los sis roj hmab. Feem ntau nyiam qhuav los yog kib. 
Ua ntej yuav ua noj ua haus, raincoats ntxuav thiab tshem tawv tawv. Feem ntau yog lawv ntxuav qhuav, thiaj li tsis mus poob plig nceb. Qhuav, kis lawv hauv lub hnub los yog hauv qhov cub kom sov dhau tsawg, tuaj yeem raug strung rau ib txoj hlua thiab khwb hla lub qhov cub. Quav nceb noj yog siv los ua ib qho khoom noj uas muab cov khoom qab zib muaj ntxhiab tsw. Nplej siab heev mushroom yog ua los ntawm cov nag nag, tsis tuaj tshaj li ntawm cov nceb.
Peb qhia koj kom nyeem txog cov tshuab ua noj ua haus: nce dej (chanterelles, qos yaj ywm nceb, mis nyuj qus, ryadovki), pickling (oyster mushrooms), khov (dawb, dawb, oyster nceb, chanterelles, nceb, champignons).
Ua tau noj Italian raincoats. Ua li no, ntxuav lub nceb, tev lawv tawm. Ces boiled nyob rau hauv salted dej. Tom qab nws muab pov tseg rov qab rau sab hauv lub cev thiab pub kom txias. Txiav rau hauv me me pieces thiab qhov chaw nrog lub qhov muag teev nyob rau hauv ib saucepan. Fry nyob rau hauv cov roj kom txog thaum ib nrab lub kua los ntawm nceb boils deb. Lub qhov muag teev muaj dej xau thiab hmoov nplej tau ntxiv, ces rov qab ntxiv txog li nees nkaum feeb. Phaus lub yolk nrog qaub cream thiab ncuav mus rau hauv ib saucepan. Ntxiv spices mus saj (kua txob, ntsev, qij, thiab lwm yam), zaub ntsuab thiab simmer rau tsawg cua sov rau li kaum feeb.
Yees duab: yuav ua li cas fes nag
Sau cov raincoats thiab noj nws yog heev tau. Lawv tsis yog tsuas six, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li txoj cai yooj yim - nco ntsoov txiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev thiab tshawb xyuas nws cov insides los txiav txim siab tau cov cwj pwm thiab noj cov txiv neej hluas dawb xwb.
