Nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo vaj muaj yeej ib txwm ob peb hom plums. Thiab qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob, vim hais tias cov neeg tau loj hlob no txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, ntau tshaj peb puas ntau yam ntawm plum ntoo tshwm. Thiab tsis yog qhov chaw kawg hauv cov koob no yog Plab Mirabel.
Botanical piav qhia
Mirabelle yog ib pawg ntawm plum cultivars uas loj tuaj rau ntawm cov ntoo ntoo sredneroslye, muaj ib lub hauv paus hauv daim ntawv qia thiab grayish bark ntawm lub cev thiab cov ceg ntoo. Lub kaus mom yuav tuaj yeem los yog ovoid nyob ntawm ntau yam. Cov nplooj yog nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib qho ellipse, tsaus ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, nrog ib tug carved ntug; muaj ib tug ntug ntawm lub qab.
Lub tsob ntoo blooms nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis. Txhua lub paj yuav muaj los ntawm 1 mus rau 3 lub paj dawb nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.5-2 cm. Cov paj zoo li 5 nplhaib thiab plhuav thaum tsis muaj cov nplooj tsis tau. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog round los yog oblong, medium-qhov loj (txog li 2 cm), daj, reddish xim yog ua tau nyob rau sab hnub ci, ripen nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob qev plum Mirabel nrog cherry plum vim qhov tseeb tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv tsos. Yuav kom paub qhov txawv lawv, nws yog txaus kom ua txhaum lub plum nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab saib cov pob txha. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ripe mirabelle, lub pob txha yog zoo kawg nkaus cais los ntawm pulp, thaum nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm plum nws tsis yog, uas yog nws cov cim lom..
Xws li ib tsob ntoo tuaj yeem ua neej nyob ntev txog 25 xyoo, thiab pib ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv 4-5 xyoo ntawm lub neej.
Kis
Teb chaw ntawm no hnub ci plum yog Asia Me Nyuam. Hnub no nws hlob zoo nyob rau qaum teb teb chaws Africa, nyob rau sab qab teb Europe, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis. Mirabelle tau txais Ukraine thiab nruab nrab ib feem ntawm Russia. Thiab cov qoob loo cov qoob loo ntau tshaj yog Fabkis Lorraine - txog 15 txhiab tons rau ib lub caij.
Koj puas paub? Locals hauv Lorraine xav txog Mirabelle plum ua nws lub cim. Txhua xyoo nyob rau lub Yim Hli, tom qab sau, ib qho kev zoo siab tuaj yeem siv qhov chaw, uas yog Miss Mirabel raug xaiv los ntawm cov ntxhais. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lawv noj ib txwm tart (qhib khoom noj qab zib) siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sau.
Zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Lub 100 g Mirabelle plum muaj ib tug me me ntawm calories - tsuas yog 40, tab sis nws cov khoom noj khoom haus zog yog heev siab. 
100 g ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xws li:
- zaub protein - 1 g;
- Sibhawm - 0.2 g;
- carbohydrates - 8.6 g
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm cov plum no yog nyob ntawm cov organic acids, mono - thiab disaccharides, fiber ntau (noj haus fiber), as Well as muaj vitamins C thiab PP thiab minerals (potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, iron).
Koj yuav yeej txaus siab mus nyeem txog ntau yam ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws Suav, tus kheej-fertile, columnar, daj plums.
Ntau yam ntawm ntau yam
Ntau yam ntawm no zoo plum tshwm ib tug loj tus naj npawb. Thiab peb muab rau koj mloog cov neeg uas muaj ntau tshaj ntawm cov gardeners:
- "Daj";
- "Loj";
- "Me me";
- "Bona";
- "Lub Cuaj Hli";
Peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog agrotechnics ntawm loj hlob xws li ntau yam ntawm plums li yav sawv ntxov, Zib ntab Dawb, Anna Shpet, Eurasia, thiab Stanley.
- "Nancy".
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias feem ntau paub gardeners cog ntau yam ntawm "Nancy" on lawv cov av. Lawv nyiam nws rau qhov tseeb hais tias tsob ntoo tau nce Frost tsis kam thiab muab kev ncaj ncees yields txhua txhua xyoo.
Tsaws
Yog hais tias koj tau txiav txim siab cog Mirabelle plum hauv koj zaj lus, ces nws yuav tsis yooj yim ua li ntawd. Tsuas yog xav paub txog qee cov cai.
Xaiv qhov chaw
Thawj kauj ruam yog xaiv ib qho chaw uas tus ntoo plum yuav xis nyob. Mirabelle yuav loj hlob nyob rau txhua lub av, nrog rau kev zam acidic.
Koj puas paub? Qhov yoojyim tshaj los nrhiav qhov tawm ntawm cov av hauv koj lub vaj - siv cov lus vinegar. Muab tso rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog hais tias npuas tshwm, cov av yog nruab nrab, thiab yog tias tsis - qaub.
Ib qho tseem ceeb yog qhov tshwm sim hauv av. Lawv yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ntawm ib qhov tob ntawm 1.5 m. Ntxiv mus, qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej yuav tsum yog tshav ntuj, tsis muaj dab tsi, tsis muaj kev tswj hwm - sab qab teb, sab qab teb-sab hnub poob los yog sab hnub poob. Thiab qhov deb mus rau lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob ze yuav tsum muaj 3-4 m.
Av xaiv thiab kev npaj
Mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej. Khawb mus rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm lub shovel koj xaiv daim av. Raws li peb tau qhia, cov av rau cog peb plum yuav tsum tsis yuav acidic. Yog tias, txawm li ntawd los, nws yog acidic, ces nws yuav tsum yog deoxidized. Ua li no, siv cov hmoov nplej siab los sis hmoov tshauv, dolomite yuav tsum muaj li 600-800 g ntawm 1 square. m
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau npaj qhov landing aub tsiv. Qhov loj yog 70 × 70 cm, thiab nws qhov tob yog 60 cm Thaum digging, sab saum toj txheej ntawm av yog teem cia cais, txij li nws yog feem ntau fertile thiab yuav pab tau thaum lub sij hawm cog. Tom ntej no mus rau hauv qab ntawm cov av ntub, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov chiv. 
Xav txog qhov tseeb hais tias yog tias koj muaj lub caij nplooj zeeg cog ntawm ib tsob ntoo mirabel, ces cov organic chiv (compost, peat, humus) yuav txaus rau hauv 3-4 kg, thiab yog tias caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ntxiv ntau pob zeb - 100 g ntawm superphosphate thiab mus txog 80 g ntawm poov tshuaj .
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Npaj ib qho kev tsaws tsaws rau qhov cog rau peb cov plums ua ntej, hauv ob lub lis piam. Qhov no yuav pab txhim kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov av.
Tsaws txheej txheem
Qhov feem ntau nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cog ib plum yog los npaj cov av, txhua tsav txhua yam yog tsis yog li nyuaj. Thaum txhua yam yog npaj rau cog, noj ib sapling thiab txo nws mus rau hauv ib lub qhov thiaj li hais tias qhov chaw grafting tseem nyob hauv av. Tom qab ntawd, sau lub qhov taub nrog lub ntiaj teb yam tsis muaj ntxiv chiv.
Thaum kawg, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los dej tsob ntoo cog qhov chaw ntau kom paub meej tias plum muaj haum tej yam kev mob rau rooting thiab ntxiv kev loj hlob. Raws li rau cov hnub cog, nws yog pom zoo kom cog Mirabelle plum nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, rau qhov vim li cas hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas ntoo tsis tau cawm lub caij ntuj no frosts, yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, lawv yog nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam.
Video: yog cog ntawm noob pob zeb seedlings Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog hais txog 4-5 hnub tom qab daus tau thawed. Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los, koj txiav txim siab los cog nyob rau hauv Autumn, ces lub seedling yuav tsum sloped nrog lub ntiaj teb thiaj li hais tias snow cover tag npog nws.
Kev kho mob
Kom haum yog ib nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tab sis, yog tias, koj xav kom tsob ntoo cog ntoo sai sai pib tuaj yeem thov koj nrog qoob loo thiab loj loj, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li qee qhov kev cai ntawm kev saib xyuas, uas peb yuav qhia rau koj tam sim no.
Peb qhia koj kom paub koj tus kheej nrog rau cov zaub mov ntawm kev npaj ntawm plums rau lub caij ntuj no, thiab raws li kawm yuav ua li cas rau qhuav plums nyob rau tom tsev thiab yuav ua li cas ua plums compote thiab hauv tsev plum cawu cub.
Watering
Plum Mirabelle xav tau ib txwm watering, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws npaum li cas ntawm cov dej yog 1 zaug hauv ib lub hlis, tab sis yog tias muaj drought tshwm sim hauv koj lub npoo, ces cov sij hawm sib txawv ntawm kev ywg dej yuav tsum tau txo, vim hais tias lub qhov dej tsis nyiam tshwj xeeb hauv av qhuav. 
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Peb plum yog tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog capricious nyob rau hauv hnav khaub ncaws, tab sis nws yog tseem nqi kom tsis tu ncua fertilizing cov av. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los ntawm thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau lig Autumn, tsob ntoo yog fertilized nrog urea, siv tsuas yog 50 g ntawm fertilizer ib 10 liv dej. Rau ib tsob ntoo yuav txaus 2 liv dej.
Pub nyob rau hauv no thiaj li:
- thawj hnav khaub ncaws ua ntej tom qab tsob ntoo tau yaj thiab pib nkag mus rau lub caij cog qoob;
- qhov thib ob - tom qab 2 lub lis piam tom qab thawj zaug;
- thiab qhov tseeb - peb, tom qab lwm 2 lub lim tiam.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog, qhov kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hauv paus system yuav stimulated artificially siv foliar pub. Rau cov laj thawj no, kev daws cov kab mob heteroin ntau dua.
Qhov no yog ua rau vim li cas uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ob tsob ntoo tau tuaj yeem pib ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab nws thiaj li tsim nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo, nws xav tau ntau dua cov khoom noj ntawm cov av, uas yog lub hauv paus loj. 
Thaum pub nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov thaum ntxov, koj tuaj yeem muaj xws li watering tsob ntoo nrog kua quav. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov khoom noj nyob hauv qhov no: 1 tablespoon rau 1 lub thoob dej.
Loos thiab mulching
Loos qhov ze-kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov tsim nyog. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov av ci thiab qhov ntxeem tau, uas yuav ua kom cov dej ntws mus rau hauv paus hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo. Raws li mulch, peat feem ntau yog siv los tuav noo noo ntev dua.
Nrhiav kom paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob plum tawm ntawm ib lub pob zeb.Thaum lub sij hawm xoob, koj yuav tsum tshem tag nrho cov nroj tsuag uas tuaj ze ntawm tsob ntoo. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem rub cov khoom tsim nyog, tab sis tseem ua rau cov kab mob sib txawv, yog li kev tshem tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua ib txwm ritual.
Pruning
Pruning no ntau plums yuav tsis coj ntau ntawm teeb meem, vim hais tias tsob ntoo xyaum tsis tas yuav pruning. Tab sis muaj qee cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau hais. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua tib zoo xyuas kom meej tias sab saum toj yog tsis puas los ntawm lub caij ntuj no frosts. Yog hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi puas ntsoog, ces tsuas yog ib qho tua yuav pib ntawm nws, uas yuav yog ib qho txuas ntxiv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib.
Yog hais tias qhov kev puas tsuaj yog tseem muaj, ces tus neeg xyuas pib loj hlob competitors nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 2-3 tua. Yog hais tias lawv tsis raug muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, lub crown yuav tsim incorrectly thiab noj on lub tsos ntawm horns. Yog li, yog tias koj pom tias muaj ob peb caug, ces koj yuav tsum xaiv tus tshaj plaws ntawm ib qho thiab tshem tawm ntawm so.
Pruning Mirabelle tseem ua tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav graft tua mus rau rootstocks ntawm lwm cov ntoo, nrog rau cov plums niaj zaus. Ua li no, siv qhov tua ntawm 15-20 cm.
Yees duab: yog qhov txhuav
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau, plum Mirabel yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau qhov txias, vim li ntawd koj yuav tau npaj nws rau lub caij ntuj no nrog kev saib xyuas zoo.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv rau lub caij ntuj no yuav ua ke ntawm freshly poob snow, raws li tau zoo li straw, quav nyab los yog fir ceg. Qhwv lub pob tw thiab cheeb tsam ncig nws nrog cov daus thiab muab cov khoom tso rau saum toj. Xws li kev tsim kho yuav txuag tau tsob ntoo tsis tsuas yog los ntawm tsawg kub, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau nas.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog lub nuances ntawm plum yug me nyuam, li zoo li qhov tseeb txoj kev tswj cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Qhov ntau ntawm plums piav los ntawm peb tsis yog raug heev rau ntau yam pests thiab kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias tsob ntoo tsis muaj cov kev pab cuam, dej tshuaj, los yog nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm Frost, ces nws cov kev ruaj ntseg muaj peev xwm heev.
Mirabelle plum tej zaum yuav raug mob los ntawm tej kab mob thiab kab tsuag:
- Plum moth. Raws li lub npe siv, qhov kab Tsuag no noj cov txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo thiab yog li ntawd txo cov qoob loo. Cov hau kev tiv thaiv kabmob no muaj xws li khawb cov av thiab tho pobzeb ntawm pobtxha ntawm cov ntoo.
- Daj plum sawfly. Zoo li yav dhau los Kab Tsuag, txau rau ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm plums. Muab tshem ntawm nws los ntawm kev khawb av thiab tsob ntoo.
- Aphid Nws settles feem ntau nyob rau hauv qis ib feem ntawm nplooj, vim li cas lawv poob xim, tsob ntoo nws tus kheej tsis muaj zog, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ciaj sia thiab pib rot. Sib ntaus aphids yog tsuas yog txau cov tshuaj xws li nitrophene, benzophosphate thiab carbofos.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog yuav ua li cas nrog aphids thiab flap on plums.
- Rosana leafworm. Ib tug insidious Kab Tsuag uas ua rau lub nplooj los dov lawv mus rau hauv ib lub pob. Tom qab tshuab ib qho ntawm nplooj, lub leafworm ceev nrooj txav mus rau lwm qhov chaw. Yog hais tias qhov kev puas tsuaj yog tsis loj, ces kom tshem ntawm no Kab Tsuag, koj yuav tsum tau sau butterflies thaum lub sij hawm tso ntawm qe. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, nws yuav yooj yim ua rau vim li cas lawv tsis ya, tab sis nkag los ntawm lub cev. Yog hais tias qhov muaj tus kab mob no tau kis loj heev, ces txau nrog nitrophene thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav zoo.
Ntawm no, peb tsab xov xwm tuaj txog qhov kawg. Peb cia siab tias tom qab nyeem ntawv nws koj yuav sai sai no yuav loj hlob ib tsob ntoo zoo, uas yuav ib xyoos ib zaug thov tsis tau tsuas yog six, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb heev txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Loj hlob ntawm koj lub ntsiab lus ntau dua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, vim hais tias koj yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab rau lawv cov kev zoo. Peb xav koj thiab koj cov txheeb ze zoo noj qab haus huv!
