Plum "Anna Shpet" vim yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov vaj teb cov qoob loo uas yog cov qoob loo.
Txhua txhua xyoo nws muab kev cog qoob loo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog siv nrog txoj kev vam meej rau kev siv ntawm ntau yam tais diav, lub caij ntuj no npaj los yog ua kev ywj siab.
Hauv keeb kwm
Ntau yam ntawm tsev neeg plum "Anna Shpet" thawj zaug tau txais thaum kawg ntawm XIX caug xyoo, xyoo 1870. Nyob rau hauv nws random txoj kev, los ntawm pollinating ib qho tsis paub sapling, tus German botanist Ludwig Shpet tau coj tawm. Qhov txheeb raws roj ntsha ntawm cov tshuaj plum yog thawj zaug thaum xyoo 1881. 
Nyob rau ib thaj tsam ntawm cov tebchaws Meskas, "Anna Shpet" tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 30s-40s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Nws nrhiav tau qhov loj tshaj nyob rau hauv Krasnodar Territory, thaj chaw North Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, Crimea thaj av qab teb, thiab cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm Ukraine.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau xyoo 1947, muaj ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug xa mus rau lub xeev txoj kev kuaj mob. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev sau npe ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv North Caucasus thiab Volga cheeb tsam Lower.
Tsob ntoo piav qhia
Plum "Anna Shpet" yog ib qho ruaj khov, tawv ntoo, nws qhov siab tau siab txog 5 m. Nws muaj tuab tuab, hauv cov xim muaj zog, xim daj, pleev xim rau xim liab los yog xim liab, lub cev ncaj thiab ruaj khov.
Differs ntoo grey crown thiab lub teeb grel skeletal ceg. Nws muaj nplooj me me ntawm elongated puab thiab xoob qauv. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv phaj ntawm matte qauv, me ntsis pubescent hauv qab no. Petioles luv luv, txog li 0.8 cm, anthocyanin. Stirins tsis. 
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering plum tshwm me me inflorescences nrog ob paj ntawm tswb-puab dawb xim. Cov nplais dawb, qes loj, sib zog nias kom sib. Txhua tus paj muaj 18 stamens.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Txheej
Rau 3-5 lub xyoos tom qab cog cov kab lis kev cai muab thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv muaj ib qho loj loj, oval los yog qe-puab, nrog cov tawv nqaij nyias tab sis ruaj khov nrog cov leeg.
Lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub pob ntseg, qhov xim npog yog xim doog, nrog rau cov khoom siv lo quav. Cov nqaij yog muaj kua muaj kua, fibrous qauv, lub teeb daj hauv xim. Plum muaj ib qho zoo heev, qab zib saj, nrog ib tug muag heev sourness, thiab ib tug ci, nplua nuj aroma.
Ib tug neeg laus cov nroj tsuag txhua xyoo tuaj yeem tsim tau 100-150 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. 
Koj puas paub? Ib qho ntawm cov tsis zoo ntawm no hom plum yog tias, vim nws cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv tuaj yeem tawg thaum lub sij hawm ripening, uas cuam tshuam rau lawv cov cia ntxiv.
Lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm ntau yam
"Anna Shpet" - unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab cultivation ntawm ntau yam, lub ntsiab zoo ntawm uas yog thaum ntxov fruiting thiab high yields.
Kawm tau ntxiv txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov yeeb yam xws li "Honey White", "Eurasia", "Sawv ntxov", "Stanley", "Peach", "Hungarian".
Drought tsis kam thiab lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Tsob ntoo yog ua los ntawm nruab nrab Frost tsis kam, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm rov qab sai sai tom qab huab cua txias. Cold climatic mob tsis haum nws, vim tsawg kub kub rau cov yields.
Qhov ntau yam tsis yog heev xav tau mus rau cov av, nws muaj peev xwm withstand drought heev zoo. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm steppe cheeb tsam, lub plum hlob thiab feem ntau txaus siab tolerates lub tsis muaj noo noo. 
Disease thiab Kab Tsuag tsis kam
Nyob rau hauv qab huab cua txias climatic, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau ib tsob ntoo kom tiv thaiv kab mob. Plum, uas hlob on carbonate xau, feem ntau suffers los ntawm chlorosis, thiab nws tseem raug mus rau tsis zoo los ntawm liab txiv mites, noob moths, sawflies.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv lawv, tshwj xeeb npaj siv, piv txwv li, Avant los yog Tagore, uas yog siv los ua ib tsob ntoo ua ntej nws tawg. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, nws yog pom zoo kom siv Karbofos rau kev puas tsuaj parasites, thiab raws li ib tug prophylactic neeg sawv cev - 3% daws ntawm urea.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog rau cov kev cai yooj yim rau cov kabmob zuj zus, nrog rau cov kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
Cov tsos ntawm grey growths rau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab xim av me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, uas tom qab ua rau ziab ntawm foliage, qhia tias moniliosis tau tus kab mob. Los tua nws, siv Bordeaux kua thiab pruning mob ceg.
Thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab loj torrential rains, cov nroj tsuag tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm liab spotting, uas manifests nws tus kheej li daj-txiv kab ntxwv me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj. 
Ib txoj kev zoo ntawm kev tshem tawm tus kab mob no yog txau nrog kev npaj tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, 2% nitrafene daws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias koj tsis xa qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm liab blotch, tsob ntoo tau tag nrho poob lub foliage, nres fruiting thiab tsis muaj zog zoo heev.Ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv txoj kev tuaj yeem ntawm plum los ntawm kab tsuag yog hlawv ntawm nplooj poob qis rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab khawb av.
Pollination
"Anna Shpet" yog hais txog tus kheej-fertile ntau yam, thiab txawm tias tsis tuaj yeem ntawm pollinators yuav tsis tawm tsam lawv tawm los. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws qhia tawm tswv yim kom ua tiav cov nqi ntawm cov kabmob uas muaj ntau yam xws li "Hungarian", "Catherine", "Renklod", "Peach".
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm flowering thiab ripening
3-5 xyoos tom qab cog plum pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Flowering yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub sij hawm, pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Tab sis lub ripening ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo es tsis lig: lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj - Lub Kaum Hlis. 
Fruiting thiab Tiv tauj
Qhov sai ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm soj ntsuam raws li nruab nrab, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ntawm fruiting nws nkag hauv 3-5 xyoo ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, nyob rau hauv heev zaus, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 6. Tsob ntoo muaj siab, muaj kev tawm dag zog. Noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav nqa tawm ntawm ib lub sij hawm, raws li cov plums yog khov kho nyob rau ceg.
Qhov nruab nrab, qhov tawm los ntawm ib tsob ntoo, nyob ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog, yog:
- 8-10 xyoo: los ntawm 25 mus rau 40 kg;
- 10-12 xyoo: los ntawm 45 mus rau 60 kg;
- 13-20 xyoos: los ntawm 100 mus rau 150 kg.
Tom qab harvesting, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav khaws cia tshiab rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug maub, txias qhov chaw. Cov plums uas tau muab khaws cia raug pom zoo kom siv los nyoos los yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm. 
Tej kev mob loj hlob
"Anna Shpet" heev unpretentious nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub cultivation, tab sis yuav tsum ua raws li nrog qee cov cai.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog seedlings yog suav hais tias yog yuav nruab nrab-caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub ntiaj teb yog twb zoo warmed. Plum tsis nyiam cua, tsaus qhov chaw, yog li nws xav tau los nrhiav qhov chaw txaus, thaj chaw tshav ntuj, tsis muaj ntawv thiab cua.
Cov nroj tsuag tau zoo nyob rau lub teeb, loamy, nutrient xau, nrog av tso dej ntawm yam tsawg 1.5 m.
Koj tseem yuav xav paub txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam ntawm spontaneous plums, nrog feem ntau nrov ntau yam ntawm Suav plums, hais txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm plums rau cheeb tsam Moscow, txog qhov zoo ntawm colonic plums, nrog feem ntau nrov ntau yam ntawm daj plums.
Tsav cov cai
Cog cog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv qhuav, windless, huab cua sov. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej qhov kev cog qoob loo, plum keeb kwm yog dipped rau hauv ib lub av nplaum mash. Tom ntej, khawb ib lub qhov, loj 60x80 cm, hauv qab ntawm uas yog ntim nrog ib tug sib tov muaj ntawm 10 kg ntawm humus, 5 kg ntawm av thiab 0.5 kg ntawm phosphate. 
Lub yub kom zoo zoo, kom tsis txhob puas rau hauv paus system, yog txo qis rau hauv lub qhov li lub hauv paus lub caj dab tob tob tsis tshaj li 4-5 cm. Tom qab ntawd cov nroj tsuag yog khi li ib tug ntoo yug, thiab hauv av ib ncig nws yog kom zoo zoo tamped.
Thaum kawg ntawm tsob ntoo tsob ntoo dej tsawg kawg yog 25 liv dej. Tom qab noo noo yog tag nrho yaim, lub qhov yog mulched nrog qhuav av los yog sawdust.
Yog hais tias koj xav tau cog ntau seedlings nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ces koj yuav tsum nruj me ntsis soj ntsuam qhov deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv los yog lwm yam vaj teb cov qoob loo:
- nruab nrab ntawm kab - 3 m;
- nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo - 2 m.
Lub caij ntu saib xyuas
Lub caij nyoog plum zov muaj xws li kom muaj kev ywj siab, noj, pob tw, npaj kom zoo rau lub caij ntuj no. 
Watering
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muab nrog li niaj zaus, tshaj watering, weeding thiab loosening cov av. Thaum thawj zaug flowering tshwm, tshaj li 80% ntawm cov paj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tau txoj kev ciaj sia taus ntxiv.
Ib tug neeg laus cov nroj tsuag thaum lub caij no tseem xav tau cov dej thiab mulching ntawm cov av nrog humus. Watered plum ob zaug ib hnub - nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov thiab nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj, raws li ib tug nroj tsuag qhov kev siab feem nyob rau hauv 30-50 liv. Siv dej ntau zaus - txog li 6 zaug hauv ib lub hlis.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum wetting koj xav tau kom paub meej tias cov av yog soaked tsis tsawg tshaj li 25 cm sib sib zog nqus.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob cia cov txheej hauv av qhuav tawm thaum muaj kev loj hlob. 
Pub Noj
Chiv yuav tsum yog ib lub xyoos tom qab plum cog. Tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau txais thawj zaug ntawm nitrate nitrate nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm May, thib ob - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ob xyoo qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo yog heev khaus, ces sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yuav txo tau mus rau ib zaug, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Tej zaum.
Ua ntej yuav tsum flowering (nyob rau plaub los yog thib tsib xyoo) fertilizing nrog nitrogen yog pom zoo kom txo.
Nws yuav pab tau koj kom paub ntau ntxiv txog nitrogen chiv.Ib tsob ntoo laus yog fertilized ua ntej nws budding thiab tom qab harvesting.
Kev tu xyuas av
Sab saum toj hnav ris tsho plums nrog loosening cov av. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua lub caij koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov kab tsuag thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, muab tshem tawm lawv. Tom qab weeding cov av yog mulched nrog humus.
Nws yog pom zoo rau ncuav compost los yog organic humus on pluag av cov av.
Qhov no plum ntau yam yog prone rau tsim ntawm paus tua, uas yuav tsum tau tsis tu ncua ntxuav thiab tshem tawm.
Pruning
Tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm "Anna Shpetu" yog lub caij nyoog cropping. Thawj pruning yog nqa tawm thaum cog seedlings: lawv ceg ntawm qab yog txiav mus rau 1/3 ntawm qhov ntev. Thaum pib ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav, sanitary pruning yog nqa tawm, tshem tawm, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, diseased thiab puas ceg. 
Nws yuav tsum kuj nyias tawm nyias cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, tshem tawm cov qaug zog thiab tawm tsuas yog tus muaj zog tshaj thiab feem ntau upright. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsis mus txiav ntau ntawm ceg thiab tua, tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 1/4 ntawm tag nrho cov loj.
Kawm txog lub ntsiab nuances ntawm pruning.
Cov neeg laus cov nroj tsuag raug txiav txhua xyoo ua ntej Bud so. Thaum tsob ntoo ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 2-2.5 m, nqa tawm hom kabmob, tshem tawm thiab thinning vam khov kho, ceg ntoo uas thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Li no, ib qho kev sib kis thiab cov nplaim teeb tau tsim.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn, rejuvenating pruning yog ua. Ua li no, tshem tawm cov tawg, diseased thiab puas ceg, ib me ntsis txiav tawm "crown".
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau tiv thaiv lub plum los ntawm txias thiab nas. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub yav tas, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo nyob rau hauv lig caij nplooj ntoos zeeg yog ua tiav nrog PVC Mesh los yog vov tsev ntsoov. Hauv cov laus, npog tsuas yog tus ncej thiab hla hauv qab hla. 
Tej yam ntxim saib ntxim ua yuav pab tiv thaiv plum, tsis yog los ntawm cov nas, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev ua txij nkawm ntxov ntxov.
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau mus rau qaub ib tug ncej los yog kho nws nrog dej-xim xim. Nws yog pom zoo kom muab qhwv cov ntoo nrog tuab ntawv los yog ntuj ntaub los ntawm Frost.
Nws yog ua tau kom nce Frost tsis kam ntawm qoob loo raws li ntawm dej recharge dej, uas yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm Kaum ib hlis, ua ntej thawj Frost.
Pros thiab cons
Muaj coob tus gardeners hlub kom loj hlob Anna Shpet plum vim hais tias qhov no muaj ntau yam zoo:
- unpretentiousness nyob rau hauv tawm thiab cultivation;
- siab yield;
- zoo heev muaj peev xwm rov qab los ntawm te lossis drought;
- kuj ua tau zoo kuj ua tau;
- siab saj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- lig hnub ntawm ripening plums;
- tau ntev ntawm kev cia cov qoob loo.
Meanwhile, nrog rau qhov zoo, qhov ntau yam tsis yog yam tsis muaj teeb meem, ntawm cov uas:
- ntab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- qee cov teeb meem hauv kev sau qoob;
- friability ntawm ntoo.
"Anna Shpet" - unpretentious, high-yielding ntau plums, uas yog nrov heev nrog niaj hnub gardeners. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yog cua, qab ntsev, fleshy, uas tau khwv tau lub siab ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab tau pom dav dav hauv daim ntawv qhia ua noj, tshuaj noj, thiab kuj ua kev ywj siab noj qab haus huv.
