Raspberries - ib qho ntawm feem ntau nyiam berries ntawm ntau tus neeg. Raspberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo yeej ib txwm ua rau cov koom haum ntxiag, nco qab ntsoov ntawm kev saj ntawm thaum yau. Txawm li ntawd los, muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm raspberries, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv yog txawv saj, loj, cov duab ntawm Bush, lwm yam zoo li Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog ntau yam raspberry Taganka, peb yuav qhia txog nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, zoo li ntawm cov cai ntawm cog thiab kev saib xyuas.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim
Cov kab no tau sib txawv hauv 1976 hauv Moscow. Zaum ntawm lub chaw ua qoob thiab cov cuab yeej technology ntawm vaj thiab chaw zov me nyuam tau ua hauj lwm rau txoj kev ua qoob. Niaj hnub no muaj kev xaiv hais tias Tagan raspberry ntau yam yog ib qho ntawm cov tshiab cov txiv kab ntxwv tshiab, tab sis tam sim no koj paub hais tias qhov no tsis yog plausible cov ntaub ntawv nkaus. Lub hybrid tau los ntawm hla lub ntau yam Krupna Dvurod thiab daim ntawv Scottish hybrid 707/75.
Nqe lus thiab nta
Ib tug kws tshawb fawb-breeder Kichina ua ke nrog nws pawg coj no ntau yam ntau tshaj 40 xyoo dhau los. Thiab hnub no, lub berries thiab bushes ntawm Taganka tsis tau meej pem nrog lwm raspberry ntau yam.
Bushes
Raspberry Bush ntawm no ntau yam yog heev sprawling. Tua qoj loj hlob vertically. Bushes muaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm ob meters los yog ntau tshaj. Lub ntsiab tua, tus naj npawb ntawm uas nyob rau ntawm ib lub Bush txawv ntawm 6 mus rau 8, yog saj zawg zog, haib thiab tuab. Txhua xyoo yog xim ntsuab ntsuab, biennial sawv daws yog xim av. On txhua sprout ntau txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj zog ceg raug, uas yog yooj yim muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv ib tug loj sau ntawm shrubs. Cov nplooj yog sau nyob rau hauv peb ntawm txhua tus ntawm cuttings. Lawv raug kho, pleev xim rau hauv ntsuab tsaus. Lub ntsiab loj ntawm pos yog nyob rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tsis tshua tau heev thiab muaj xim nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb liab ntshav xim.
Berries
Lub berries nyob rau hauv no ntau yam loj hlob loj loj ntau, txawm yog hais tias lub bushes tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib qho tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 7-8 g. Rau kev ua laj ua tiav rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov txiv hmab tuaj yeem ncav lub qhov hnyav 17 g Ib txhia gardeners piv rau Tagan cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog qhov loj ntawm plums.
Koj puas paub? Raws li lub keeb kwm, thawj zaug nyob rau hauv Russia raspberry tshwm nyob rau hauv Yuri Dolgorukov. Ntxiv mus, lub scale ntawm cog yog xws li hais tias lub bears twb tsis xav tsis thoob leej twg mus tsis tu ncua mus ntsib lub raspberries.Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Taganka yog feem ntau crimson ci liab, npawv oval nyob rau hauv cov duab. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm berries yog ntom, yog li thaum harvesting, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis crumple thiab tsis tawm kua txiv (qhov muag zoo ntawm berries yog high). Khoom noj qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo, fragrant, Sweet. Ib qho ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv zoo yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm noob.
Tawm
Txij li thaum no raspberry ntau yam yog remontant, nws Dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo 4-5 zaug ib lub caij. Nrog kom tu los ntawm ib tug Bush rau lub caij, koj muaj peev xwm sau txog li 45 kg ntawm berries. Yog hais tias koj loj hlob Taganka rau industrial hom phiaj rau loj plantations, ces ib 1 hectare ntawm av yields mus txog 20 tons.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub seedlings
Txoj cai loj thaum xaiv ib lub sapling yog ib tug pov thawj muag khoom. Yuav cov khoom cog hauv cov khw muag khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob, raws li tus neeg muag khoom tsis ua raws li cov purity varietal thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom muag. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, los ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas, ib tug muaj peev xwm yuav ib tug qus ua si uas yuav tsim ua me ntsis txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab me me heev. Kws txawj pom zoo kom yuav cov noob qoob loo hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam loj los yog hauv online supermarkets. Cov yav tas feem ntau koom tes nrog loj vaj vaj tse thiab muab tus neeg siv khoom tsuas yog high-zoo cog cov khoom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo xws li: "The Giant", "Txiv kab ntxwv Miracle", "Kev Ntseeg", "Fairy Tale", "Cumberland" thiab "Caramel".
Thaum muas, them sai sai rau qhov ntev ntawm kev tua. Ntau siab seedlings yog tsawg dua zaum, thiab nws yuav muaj ntau nyuaj rau lawv mus noj hauv paus nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshiab. Ib tug zoo cog cov khoom yuav tsum muaj 2-4 me me tua (pom cov neeg muag khoom feem ntau muab seedlings nrog peb tua). Koj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroj tsuag. Nws yuav tsum muaj zog, fibrous, zoo tsim, thiab tsis muaj rot.
Xaiv qhov chaw zoo
Yog hais tias koj xav mus sau ib tug loj pes tsawg tus loj thiab fragrant cov qoob loo txhua xyoo, ces koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov chaw siab rau cog no zoo heev shrub.
Teeb pom kev zoo
Tag nrho cov gardeners paub hais tias raspberry yog ib lub teeb-hlub nroj tsuag, thiab nws yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv ib lub zoo-zes qhov chaw. Rau cog tsis zoo haum qhov chaw nyob rau hauv perennial ntoo los yog ntawm siab shrubs. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los cog cov Taganka ntau yam nyob rau sab qab teb los yog sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub pob zeb uas lub hnub lub rays yuav dominate feem ntau ntawm cov nruab hnub nrig.
Av
Qhov no kho raspberry ntau yam zoo rau on zoo noj loamy xau. Av rau cog seedlings yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tshuab tshuab muaj zog gusty cua. Cov theem hauv av yuav tsum pw ntawm qhov tob tsis ze ze li 1.5 meters. Av acidity yuav tsum fluctuate ib ncig ntawm 6-7.5 Rn. Qhov nce av av ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab qhov chaw uas ib qhov dej loj npaum li cas nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis zoo rau cog cogan.
Qhov chaw npaj
Yog hais tias peaty av hom prevails rau ntawm koj lub vev xaib, ces koj yuav tsum tau hloov lub txheej xwm nees nkaum centimeter nrog av nplaum nrog ntxiv ntawm chiv. Cov yav tas, vim muaj cov kab mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob, yuav ua rau kom sai decomposition ntawm peat loj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom tshwj kom txhob raspberry beetle thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, lub bushes yuav tsum tau sprayed nrog insecticides thiab fungicides.Rau no raspberry ntau yam, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws los npaj fertile av koj tus kheej. Ua li no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov saum txheej ntawm av mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 45-60 cm ntawm yav tom ntej tsaws chaw. Gardeners feem ntau siv superphosphates los yog phosphorus hmoov, poov tshuaj ntsev, nitrogenous chiv, lwm yam zoo li Tus nqi ntawm cov chiv rau 1 m³ ntawm cov av uas khawb av yuav nyob ntawm seb cov av twg yog cov av nyob hauv koj qhov chaw. Feem ntau, ib tug cubic Meter ntawm av rau cog raspberries yog pom zoo yuav tsum tau thov (nruab nrab qhov tseem ceeb): 100-120 g ntawm superphosphate, 20-30 g ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev, 80-100 g ntawm nitrogenous chiv.
Nrov ntau yam ntawm raspberry remontant kuj muaj xws li xws li ntau hom "Hercules", "Atlant", "Heritage", "Pob zeb diamond" thiab "Monomakh's Hat".
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias Tagan raspberry tsis nyiam qaub xau, yog li ntawd, yog hais tias cov av acidity yog siab nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam, ces yuav tsum tau ua li nram qab no: 100-140 g ntawm txiv qaub yog siv mus rau txhua qhov kab ntsuas ntawm cov av ntsa. Ib co gardeners tau sau zoo qoob loo yields nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov av yog tsim ntawm compost. Thaum cog nws tau ua ntawm tus nqi ntawm 2 thoob rau 1 m².Cov kauj ruam los ntawm kev qhia cov lus qhia
Tom qab lub site tau npaj rau cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav pib mus rau kev tsaws tus kheej nws tus kheej. Rau qhov no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov ib txoj cai: qhov deb ntawm bushes nyob rau hauv kab yuav tsum 45-55 cm, nruab nrab ntawm kab - 1.4-1.5 meters. Cov lus qhia ntxiv qhia tau hais tias ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Cog pits ntawm qhov no koj yuav tsum tau npaj, raws li koj tau ua yav dhau los hauv kev tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom noj thiab ntxiv fertilizer rau nws. Qhov tob ntawm lub pits yuav tsum 45-60 cm, dav - 40-50 cm.
- Nyob rau nram qab kawg ntawm lub pits yuav tsum tau ncuav ib tug me me ntawm npaj av. Tom qab ntawd nruab tau cov kua dej zoo. Rau qhov no koj tuaj yeem siv cib los yog pob zeb uas muaj tawv ncauj. Faj yog muab tso rau hauv ib txheej ntawm 7-10 cm. Los ntawm saum toj no nws yog them nrog ib tug nyias txheej ntawm av.
- Tam sim no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los pov 40-50 g ntawm pob zeb hauv av fertilizer mus rau hauv qab ntawm fossa, ces ntxig rau ib tug seedling rau nws thiab sprinkle nws nrog lub ntiaj teb.
- Hauv av ib ncig ntawm Bush yuav tsum tau strapped thiaj li hais tias ib tug me me qhov yog tsim. Ncuav ntsig txog ib lub thoob dej rau hauv lub qhov thiab tos kom txog thaum nws tau muab ntxig rau hauv cov av.
- Tom qab ntawd, me ntsis nce lub Bush thiaj li hais tias hauv paus caj dab yog 4-6 cm saum toj no cov av saum npoo.
- Tom qab ntawd, tus so ntawm lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau poured rau hauv lub qhov thiab ib tug trampled rau nws.
- Ib ncig ntawm seedling av mus mulch. Rau qhov no koj yuav siv tau nettles, qhuav straw, peat, lwm yam zoo li
Nco ntsoov hais tias txhua 6-8 xyoo raspberries yuav tsum tau transplanted mus rau ib qho chaw tshiab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub qub shrubs, yog hais tias muaj xws li ib tug xav tau, hloov nrog tshiab. Transplantation yog nqa tawm vim qhov tseeb hais tias rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm crimson bushes muaj peev xwm kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov tseem ceeb mineral tshuaj los ntawm cov av txheej. Ntxiv mus, hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis siv.Kev saib xyuas zoo - tus yawm sij mus rau qhov zoo
Yuav kom tau zoo thiab muaj lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo rov qab txhua txhua xyoo, koj yuav tsum paub txog kev tu kom Tagan raspberry.
Tshuaj thiab mulching
Qhov zoo thiab saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no raspberry ntau yam yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov tseeb dej txheej txheem. Taganka yog ntau yam kabmob drought-resistant, tab sis tseem nws tsis yog ib tug camel thorn, yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog rau dej nws. Kev siv tshuaj ywg yuav tsum ua txhua lub lim piam thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj los ntawm sprinkling. Nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias to top txheej ntawm av nyob rau hauv lub raspberries yog me ntsis damp. Thaum lub sij hawm qhuav lub caij ntuj sov, watering yuav tsum tau ua li 2-3 mus rau ib lub lim tiam.
Koj puas paub? Thawj pav ntawm qab zib raspberry berry rau ancient Rome.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub sij hawm yog thaum lub shrub xav tau ntau ntawm cov dej: pib ntawm flowering thiab lub ripening ntawm thawj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ntawm no lub sij hawm, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov dej ntau soaked cov av rau yam tsawg kawg 30-35 cm Tsis tas li ntawd, dej stagnation yuav tsum tsis pub, txwv tsis pub nws muaj peev xwm ua rau stunted kev loj hlob thiab ntau yam kab mob. Nws yog tsim nyog rau mulch cov av thaum lub sij hawm kub lub caij ntuj sov, thaum zoo av noo noo ib ncig ntawm lub bushes yuav tsum tau khaws cia. Gardeners siv raws li mulch: qhuav nettle, straw, peat, Pine koob, rotted qhuav manure, qhuav nplooj, thiab lwm yam.Xyuas kom paub cov cai rau kev saib xyuas thiab cog raspberries nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Thawj khaub ncaws Taganka tau txais tam sim ntawd tom qab cog. Cov av enriched nrog cov ntxhia thiab organic tshuaj yuav muab raspberries nrog tseem ceeb tshuaj thoob plaws hauv tag nrho lub xyoo. Cov nram qab no lub caij raspberry yuav tsum tau pub lub humus, ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5 thoob ntawm cov organic fertilizer ib square Meter ntawm av. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntev, lub shrub xav tau pub nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mulch. Mulch yuav tsum los ntawm nees humus nrog straw. Xws li hnav khaub ncaws yuav pab txhim kho aeroexchange thiab av looseness. Txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav raspberries muaj pub nrog pob zeb hauv av ua chiv. Koj tuaj yeem yuav tau lawv nyob hauv lub vaj teb chaw tam sim ntawd nrog cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Txoj kev kho raspberry Taganka tsis muaj kab mob tua kab. Qhov no yog qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias parasites feem ntau hibernate on woody tua, thiab lawv raug tshem tawm tom ntej caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog Autumn. Thaum pib ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, cab yuav pib tho laib los yog qe rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov ntoo uas tsis yog woody, tab sis qhov no tsis ua mob Taganka, txij li thaum nws cov tub ntxhais hluas tua pib loj hlob nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov no ntau yam yog tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov xwm los ntawm worms nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no raspberry ntau yam pib ripen tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj, thiab tsis muaj worms nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Phem cov neeg ua phem phem Cov kua txig yog: kua txob, txiv lws suav, qos yaj ywm, eggplant.Tab sis, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no, tiv thaiv kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv nws raspberries yog tsim nyog. Cov kev ntsuas no yuav yog nyob rau hauv cov cai nram qab no:
- Txhua xyoo Autumn pruning raspberries.
- Tom qab pruning, tag nrho cov chaw taws teeb tua yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg (nws yog ib qhov zoo dua mus hlawv nyob rau hauv thiaj li ua kom sai lub larvae ntawm tag nrho cov pests).
- Loos cov av txhua txhua 2-3 lub lis piam mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 2-3 cm.
- Digging sab saum toj txheej ntawm raspberry av txhua txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
- Mus soj ntsuam ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau cov kab thiab kab mob.
- Kev tu ncua ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Prop
Raspberry Taganka yog ib tug ntau yam siab, yog li nws xav tau ib tug zoo thiab raws sij hawm garter. Nws muaj ob peb txoj kev rau garter raspberries:
- Shpaler txoj kev. Ua li no, raws li lub raspberry bushes ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 3-4 meters koj yuav tsum tau bury ntoo posts. On lawv kom rub lub xaim nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 4-5 hli. Tua yog khi rau cov xaim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas rau txhua 70 cm ntev muaj 6-8 tua.
- Ntxuam hom. Nruab nrab ntawm txhua ob bushes nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus rau bury lub txhua nrog ib qhov siab ntawm txog 2-2.5 meters. Mus khi li sab laug ib feem ntawm qhov tua ntawm txoj cai Bush thiab txoj cai ib feem ntawm qhov tua ntawm sab laug. Raws li ib tug ntawm no garter peb tau txais ib tug raspberry khoom qab zib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kiv cua. Kev ntxuam pab txhawb nqa txoj kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua thiab zoo cua thiab lub teeb permeability.
- Npaj hom. Qhov no muaj txoj kab txiav ntawm ib tug raspberry Bush mus rau ib tug post, uas yog dug rau hauv av nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Bush nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog txoj nquag thiab tsis tshua muaj siv los ntawm kev paub gardeners.
Pruning
Pruning raspberry yuav pruned txhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo. Txawm li ntawd los, kev paub gardeners pom zoo kom lub kaum hli ntuj pruning. Tag nrho cov lignified tua yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, thiab ces tam sim ntawd hlawv.
Koj puas paub? Raspberries tau txhim kho qhov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag, yog li nws tau ntev tau siv nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam wrinkles.Yog hais tias koj xav tau ib tug thaum ntxov sau ntawm raspberries, ces nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov tua uas tau twb yielded nrog ib tug secateur. Lawv raug muab tshem tawm 3 cm saum toj no lub Upper Bud. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau raspberry yuav transplanted nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub tua yuav tsum tsis raug tag nrho muab tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, tag nrho Upper ib feem yog muab tshem tawm, tawm tsuas yog hauv paus cheeb tsam, tsis muaj ntau tshaj 30 cm siab.
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Autumn pruning crimson shrubs thiab yog npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Chaw taws teeb tua nyob rau hauv av theem siab, thiab tsuas yog lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv hauv av yuav tsum tau winterize. Lub rhizome ntawm Tagan River withstands txawm muaj zog qaum teb frosts tsis muaj teeb meem, yog li tsis muaj ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsim ib lub vaj tse tshwj xeeb rau nws. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias koj xav mus ua transplanting raspberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj yuav tsis rho tawm tag nrho cov tua. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau tilted mus rau hauv av thiab them nrog agrofibre. Cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qia yuav them nrog nees manure los yog peat. Thaum kawg, Kuv xav nco ntsoov tias Tagan raspberry yuav khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntev hauv qab lawj lossis tub yees. Nws tolerates kev thauj mus los, thiab tom qab defrosting tsis poob nws cov tshuaj lig. Khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm no ntau Malinki muaj ib qho ci aroma thiab ib tug qab ntxiag zib muam.
