Cultivation ntawm qos yaj ywm yog ib qho ncaj ntau cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv niaj hnub teb. Lub luag nqi zog ntawm xws li ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim yog ib tug cua, muaj kua, loj qos, uas yog enjoyed nrog lauj kaub tais diav. Nws tsis pub leejtwg paub rau leej twg hauv peb thaj chaw no cov zaub, tom qab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus noj, tau yuav luag ua ib qho khoom plig. Tab sis, koj pom, nws tsis yog li yooj yim xaiv ib tug zoo qos ntau yam. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv ntau yam uas yog unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, tsis yog ntshai ntawm tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov pests, nws yuav xav tias zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm kub kub leaps. Ntau yam qos yaj ywm Sante - zoo kawg nkaus fits no piav qhia rau tag nrho cov yam ntxwv.
Ntau yam piav qhia
Sante yog ib qho ntawm ntau tshaj plaws thiab cia siab ntau yam ntawm medium-thaum ntxov qos yaj ywm, uas yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm yooj yim agrotechnical cultivation cov qauv. Kev coj noj coj ua yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Dutch lub tuam txhab "Agrico". Muab hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cog thiab kev saib xyuas, tag nrho cov cai thiab cov tswv yim tau pom, kab lis kev cai yuav ua tsaug rau nws cov siab tawm thiab cua qos yaj ywm cov zaub mov.
Ntawm lub ntsiab zoo ntawm kev piav qhia ntawm lub qos ntau "Sante" yog lub compactness ntawm erect thiab tsawg bushes. Lub stalks ntawm kab lis kev cai yog densely them nrog tsaus ntsuab foliage, uas yog sib cais los ntawm dawb paj, sau nyob rau hauv ib tug corolla. Koj tuaj yeem pib harvesting 80-90 hnub tom qab cog. Nws tseem ceeb heev! Los ntawm ib hectare ntawm cog cheeb tsam koj yuav tau txais los ntawm 27 mus rau 50 tons ntawm zoo heev qos yaj ywm. Lub tonnage nyob ntawm lub correctness ntawm lub koom haum ntawm agrotechnical qauv thiab cov kab mob climatic nyob rau hauv uas qos yaj ywm twb cultivated.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab saj
Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm heev txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm qos Sante, ces lawv distinguished los ntawm ib tug oblong oval duab. Cov xim daj ntawm cov tev yog cov kua muag nrog lub qhov muag me me. Qhov tib xim ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo pulp, uas haum nyob rau hauv nws composition ntawm xwb 10-14% ntawm starch. Rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qos yaj ywm yog ib hom ntawm kev zoo nkauj daim ntawv thov, ua tus sau yooj yim rau siv. Raws li rau tev nws tus kheej, nws zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm lub tsis kaj siab los ntawm lub chaw thiab pab txhawb mus rau lub sij hawm ntev cia ntawm qoob loo. Cov qos no yog ib yam khoom zoo rau kev ua noj ua koj nyiam french fries thiab chips, uas yog piav qhia los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj starch ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zoo heev ntawm tus qos yaj ywm Sante.
Cov feem ntau nrov ntawm qos muaj ntau yam: "Ilinsky", "Veneta", "Rocco", "Irbitsky", "Gala", "Bluishna" thiab "Cherry".Qhov no ntau yam yog lub hauv paus zoo rau zaub casseroles. Stuffed Sante - ib delicacy, savoring uas koj tau cia nqos tau tus nplaig. Yog hais tias koj tsev neeg vwm txog kib qos yaj ywm nrog ib lub pob zeb kub crispy, ces koj tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau yam zoo dua rau lub phaj. Tab sis, alas, nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom ua mashed qos yaj ywm nrog cov qos yaj ywm, nws yog tag nrho hais txog tsawg starch cov ntsiab lus. Qhov no txhawb rau qhov tseeb hais tias qhov no ntau yam dav siv nyob rau hauv lub lag luam zaub mov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm cov khoom tiav semi-tiav, zaub soups, ntau zaub sib tov. Ib tug zoo dua ntawm ntau yam yog qhov tseeb hais tias thaum boiling qos yaj ywm tsis darken thiab crumble, vim hais tias nws muaj qib siab ntawm noo noo, tab sis lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis dhau qhuav.
Koj puas paub? Ua tsaug rau nws zoo heev saj, ntau cov kev siv hauv kev lag luam noj khoom haus, qos yaj ywm tau dhau los ua qhov nrov uas cov tsev khaws ntaub ntawv qhib tau thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb thiab txawm tias tseem ceeb cov duab nyob rau hauv nws lub koob.
Muaj zog thiab qaug zog
Zoo li txhua yam khoom, qos yaj ywm Sante tau nws cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv qoob loo.
Feeb ntau, cia pib nrog qhov zoo:
- qos yaj ywm txawv nyob rau hauv qhov muaj nqis loj thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 100-150 g;
- nondescript ob lub qhov muag ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis lwj lawv tsos thiab qauv;
- lub tev ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub qos los ntawm mechanical kev puas tsuaj;
- tsawg feem pua starch;
- txiaj ntsim zoo tiab thiab kev nyab xeeb;
- muab lub zog tsis kam mus tawm tsam ntau tshaj thiab muaj zog qos kab mob thiab kab tsuag;
- cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamins (C, B) thiab cov zaub mov.
Koj puas paub? Thawj cov zaub uas tau accustomed thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yog qos yaj ywm.
Agrotechnology
Yuav kom ua tiav cov qos yaj ywm yields, ib tug yuav tsum soj ntsuam qee yam qoob loo ntawm qoob loo ntawm qoob loo:
- Txhua 5-6 xyoo los hloov cov noob.
- Lub chaw rau cog yog xaiv zoo zes, drained, fertile thiab saturated nrog oxygen.
- Kev npaj ntawm cog cheeb tsam rau cov qos yaj ywm yuav tsum pib nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Nyob rau hauv Autumn, nws yuav tsum tob heev dug li thiab fertilized nrog nitrogen. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov av rau qos yaj ywm yuav tsum tau loosened thiab weeds muab tshem tawm. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej cog nws yog tsim nyog rau fertilize cov av nrog humus, nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv txhua recess rau noob khoom.
- Kev paub gardeners tawm tswv yim tsuas yog tom qab qhov kub nyob qis qis rau + 8 ° C thiab siab zog, tiam sis tsis yog txhais tau tias qis, raws li qhov txias tau ua phem rau lub neej ntawm kev yub. Thaum lub caij kub no, lub ntiaj teb tswj kom sov txog 10 cm tseem ceeb rau kev cog qoob loo.
- Qhov tob ntawm lub qhov rau cog yuav tsum yog 10 cm. Tubers yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 35 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam, thiab ib tug deb ntawm 60 cm yuav tsum tau khaws cia nyob nruab nrab ntawm kab.
- Sante tsis zam ntau noo noo, yog li ntau yam yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm waterlogging. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kab lig kev cai ntawm kev ziab tawm thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab flowering, yog tias tsim nyog nws raug pom zoo kom muab ywg dej.
- Tom qab cog lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau sib npaug.
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub qos los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshuaj ntsuab ("Nqa", "Glifors", "Roundup"). Tshuaj tua kab thiab kab mob yuav tsum ncaav nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ("Prestige", "Maxim", "Cruiser").
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Raws li cov precursors ntawm qos yaj ywm yuav tsum tau xaiv legumes, phacelia, cabbage, los yog radish.
Kev kho mob
Kev tu qoob loo Sante yog yooj yim zoo nkauj. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog kom npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm watering, hilling thiab pub mis.
Watering
Nws yog twb hais tias ntau yam tsis zam dhau tshaj noo. Av rau cog yuav tsum zoo drained. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tus kab lis kev cai yuav tsum tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm ziab tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm budding thiab flowering. Nyob rau ntawm cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob, nws xav tau ntau tshaj watering, uas yuav tsum tau nres thaum lub sij hawm ripening thiaj li tiv thaiv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm rot.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Los saib xyuas ntawm fertility ntawm cov av rau cov qos yaj ywm, koj yuav tsum tau pib nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thaum lub sij hawm thaum digging cov av yog fertilized nrog nitrogen. Cog ntawm noob cov khoom yog ua tshwj xeeb tshaj nyob rau hauv qhov dej, uas yog them nrog humus. Ua ntej hilling ua lwm lub hauv paus pub noj mov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov zoo tshaj plaws qos fertilizer yog tshauv los yog poultry manure (qhov chaw ntawm phosphorus, nitrogen, poov tshuaj) diluted nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib tug 1: 2 ratio. Thaum 0.1 hectares nqi siv nyiaj los ntawm 6 mus rau 10 liters ntawm cov tshuaj kua.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog qhia kom ua nyob rau hauv peb theem: thaum lub sij hawm germination, budding thiab flowering. Rau pub tsuas yog nce ascended nroj tsuag, nws yog noog droppings uas yog siv; cov kab lis kev cai uas tau dhau mus rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm budding yog fertilized nrog ib tug daws ntawm tshauv (1 khob), 2st. l poov tshuaj sulfate thiab dej (10l). Flowering nroj tsuag yog tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm to top hnav khaub ncaws, lawv qhia kom fertilize nrog Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm 2 tbsp. superphosphate thiab iav mullein ib 10 liv dej. Txhua Bush xav tau 0.5 liv ntawm no twj.Harvesting thiab cia
Tus sau ntawm qos Sante yog harvested ntawm 80-90 hnub tom qab cog. Yog hais tias koj ncua ncua lub sau, lub qos yaj ywm yuav tau ntaus nrog rot. Nws yog tsim nyog los khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv chav txias rau qhov chaw uas yuav tsis muaj lub caij ntuj no, raws li Frost tsis tshua muaj teeb meem rau cov qos yaj ywm. Chav tsev yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub teeb, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj.
Koj puas paub? Thaum kis mus rau lub teeb, lub qos yaj ywm tig ntsuab thiab ua kev lom, lawv noj tau ua rau cov zaub mov lom. Nrog tau ntawm xws li qos yaj ywm muaj ib tug ntsim tom qab.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam yog nws tus kab mob tsis kam. Kev paub gardeners paub li cas redundant txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug qos ntau yam yuav ua tau, uas tsis nyiaj ntxeev siab ntawm ntau yam aggressors. Raws li rau Sante, nws yog tus kab mob rau feem ntau nruj kabmob: cancer, scab, fungal mob, cyst nematode, haus luam yeeb mosaic virus, twisting thiab wrinkling ntawm nplooj. Lub theem ntawm tsis kam ntawm ntau yam ua ntej tawm tsam lig blight thiab rhizoctonia yog fluctuating, yog li ntawd nws tsis pab tus kab lis kev cai los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej. Rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj ntawm cov kab mob, Taran, Konfidor-Ntxiv, Fitosporin-M, thiab Alirin-B yog siv.
Zaum kab uas devour plantings ntawm qos yaj ywm yog Colorado beetles. Tshem cov tub qhe li no, pab kab tsuag, tshwjxeeb "Konfidor-Maxi", "Dantop", "Prestige". Raws li koj tau pom, qhov teeb meem nrog xaiv ntawm qos ntau yam daws. Koj xav tau qos yaj ywm Sante, uas yog qhov sib txawv ntawm high yields (txog li 20 qos yaj ywm muaj harvested los ntawm ib tug Bush), unpretentious kev saib xyuas, tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
