Ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm niaj hnub gardeners, cov neeg uas yog txawv los ntawm thawj lub npe zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav. Yog li, piv txwv li, thaum hnov txog Japanese Truffle txiv lws suav, koj yuav xav paub txog koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov lus piav qhia thiab cov cwj pwm, uas yav tom ntej los ua qhov laj thawj rau lawv cov cultivation. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav muab koj rau lub sijhawm no thiab qhia rau koj txog qhov zoo li ntawm cov txiv lws suav txawv, lawv cov varietal variations thiab cultivation agrotechnology.
Tsos thiab piav qhia ntawm ntau yam
Qhov no indeterminate ntau (nws tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev loj hlob) yog qhov tsis txawv ntawm qhov siab (tsuas yog 2-4 kg ntawm txiv lws suav los ntawm ib lub hav txwv yeem), los yog los ntawm kev ceev ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening (nyob rau nruab nrab 110-120 hnub tom qab cog), tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws txawv txawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo zom tsis pub nws tsis paub los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Txiv lws suav shrub "Japanese truffle" yog heev siab, thiab, thaum cultivated nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj, feem ntau ncav cuag ob meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Nyob rau hauv av qhib, cov kev ntseeg no tseem ceeb dua thiab feem ntau tsis tshaj li ntawm 1.5 m. Txhua qhov teeb meem, tsis hais txog qhov twg ntawm qhov kev loj hlob, lub lash yuav tsum raug khi. 
Ntau ntau "Japanese truffle" muaj ntau qhov kev hloov, qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv yog hais nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov yam ntxwv saj. Yog li, muaj lws suav bushes nrog liab, dub, txiv kab ntxwv, liab thiab txawm "Golden" txiv lws suav. Tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pear-puab thiab yog cov ua los ntawm lub teeb ribbing. Qhov hnyav ntawm xws li txiv lws suav ncav cuag rau nruab nrab 100-200 g, thiab, qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov varietal variations tsim qab zib, me ntsis acidic txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis nrog tus neeg flavors. Piv txwv, vim yog lub siab zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Japanese Golden Truffle, lawv tau noj ntau li txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tib yam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Txiv lws suav ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam muaj ntom tawv nqaij thiab nqaij, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev thauj mus los ntev thiab cia.
Yam ntxwv thiab ntau yam ntau yam
"Japanese truffle" tseem tsis tshua paub me me rau gardeners, tab sis ua tsaug rau xws li ib lub npe txawv, ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov yog txaus siab rau lawv tus kheej. Nws tau coj tawm nyob rau hauv qhov qhib chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab sau npe nyob rau hauv 2000 raws li ib tug ntau yam hybrid, zoo haum rau cultivation nyob rau hauv qhib av thiab nyob rau hauv tsev xog paj tej yam kev mob. Ntau tus niam tsev twb tau txais kev pom zoo kom zoo siab rau nws txoj kev zoo, siv rau kev npaj cov kaus poom zaub mov thiab lwm yam tais diav. 
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi tus kab mob siab ua hauj, thiab cov disadvantages ntawm txiv lws suav nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm unsuitability rau cov creation ntawm lws suav muab tshuaj txhuam, ntau heev cuam tshuam rau ntse kub sib txawv, insufficiently zog txhuam thiab exactingness ntawd cov chiv.
Rau cov av qoob rau hauv av, tsuas yog cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua sov feem ntau tsim nyog, thaum siv rau hauv nruab nrab txoj kab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau cog noob ntoo ntawm "Japanese truffles" nyob rau hauv greenhouses, uas tau xyaum tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau yield los ntawm tus qauv yav dhau los. Rau cultivation nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam sab qaum teb ntawm pink ntau yam yog tsis haum "Japanese truffles". Tom qab rov xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog lub sij hawm them sai sai rau lub peculiarities ntawm nws cov hom uas twb muaj lawm.
"Japanese liab truffle"
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, thaum loj hlob ib tug nroj tsuag, koj muaj peev xwm suav on picking txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug nplua nuj liab xim nrog ib tug me ntxoov ntxoo ntawm xim av. Kuv yuav tsum tau hais tias los ntawm qhov kev xav paub qhov zoo nkauj, xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ib qho kev ennobles cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhia txog ib yam zest rau lawv cov tsos. Lub saj ntawm liab txiv lws suav "Japanese truffle" ib me ntsis Sweet, tab sis muab ib tug yam ntxwv kev noj qab nyob zoo - zoo rau blanks. 
Koj puas paub? Txiv lws suav - khw muag khoom noj (fiber, vitamins ntawm pawg B, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb), tiam sis feem ntau ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tau pom hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav. Rau ib kilogram koj yuav tsum ua kom tiav 8-14 kg ntawm cov qoob loo tshiab.
"Japanese dub truffle"
Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam tsis dub, tab sis tsaus xim av, thiab nyob rau hauv dav saj yam ntxwv los yog cov ntaub ntawv yog tsis sib txawv los ntawm lwm lub variants. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kab tshaum hais tias qhov saj ntawm dub soob "Japanese truffle" yog ntau refined tshaj li ntawm lwm cov neeg sawv cev, thiab nws yog vim hais tias ntawm no hais tias lawv xav nws. 
"Japanese liab truffle"
Thaum characterizing no lws suav, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom paub qhov txawv tsuas yog lub sweeter saj thiab xim liab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis lwm yam nws yog zoo li qub txiv lws suav: nws yog cia li ntom thiab zoo heev rau preservation.
Txawm li cas los xij, ib txhia gardeners loj tuaj nws ua ib tsob nroj hauv ornamental ntawm lawv qhov chaw. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav li ntawm 100-150 g.
"Japanese kub truffle"
Qhov no lws suav muaj peev xwm tiag tiag hu ua txawv txawv, vim hais tias cov xim ntawm nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog txawv ntawm cov tswv yim txheem txog lws suav. Ntxiv rau qhov nplua nuj daj xim, nws muaj kev zoo nkauj golden Hawj. Qhov no varietal ntau yam yog heev Sweet nyob rau hauv saj thiab resembles txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ntau. Ib cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo meaty hnyav li ntawm 100-150 g. 
"Japanese txiv kab ntxwv truffle"
Zoo li yav dhau los ntau yam, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov txiv lws suav muaj ib qho txawv heev, tshwj tsis yog tias nws qhov xim yog ntxaum, nrog lub tshav ntuj hnub ci.
Pear-puab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv loj hlob mus txog ib pawg ntawm 150-250 g, txawm hais tias txawm hais tias koj tshem tawm los ntawm bushes ua ntej ntawm lub sij hawm, tsis muaj ib qho tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog tias, vim hais tias txiv lws suav yuav ntsiag to "ncav" nyob rau hauv windowsill.
Koj puas paub? Txiv lws suav yog kwv yees li ntawm 95% dej thiab, tsis pom zoo rau kev ntseeg siab, kev kho cua kub tsis txo, tiam sis tsuas yog ua rau lawv cov khoom zoo.
Agrotechnology
Thaum loj hlob ntawm cov lws suav ntau "Japanese truffle", raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cultivation ntawm lwm lws suav ntau yam, tag nrho lub sij hawm los ntawm cog noob mus sau tau muab faib ua ob feem: qhov kev saib xyuas ntawm seedlings thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm tus neeg laus cov nroj tsuag, thiab txhua theem tau nws tus kheej nta
Peb qhia koj kom paub koj tus kheej nrog lub subtleties loj hlob soob ntau yam: "Persimmon", "Mikado Pink", "Golden Lub Plawv", "Honey Drop", "Nqus Ntsuas Miracle", "Nqaij Possible", "Dawb Pouring", "Bare Bearded", " "" Me ntsis liab caij Hood "," Rapunzel ".
Sowing thiab loj hlob seedlings
Yog hais tias tus cultivation ntawm piav qhia ntau yam yog npaj nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, ces lub sowing ntawm noob rau seedlings yog nqa tawm twb nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, yog li hais tias nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm May seedlings yuav transplanted mus rau ib tug mus tas li qhov chaw ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Nrog ntxiv cultivation ntawm "truffles" nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom, ob qho tag nrho ntawm cov sij hawm yog hloov txav ib lub hlis dhau los. 
Lub substrate rau sowing noob yog npaj ua ntej thiab yuav tsum muaj ob feem ntawm sod av, ob qhov chaw ntawm humus thiab ib feem ntawm sifted xuab zeb. Cov av no yuav cia cov noob kom sai sai thiab tau txais cov khoom noj uas yuav tsum tau muaj thiab cov kab tuav. Noob yog immersed nyob rau hauv lub substrate mus rau ib tug tob ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ob centimeters thiab sprinkled on to top ntawm ib tug nyias txheej ntawm av.
Ntim nrog seedlings yuav tsum tau ceev cia nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev sov qhov twg huab cua kub tsis poob rau hauv qab +16 ° C. Sai li ob lub tiag tiag nplooj tshwm rau ntawm seedlings, lawv yog khaws nyob rau hauv nyias ntim. Kwv yees li ib lub lim tiam ua ntej npaj cog hauv av, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau fertilize nws nrog mineral compositions, feem ntau predominant ntawm cov uas yog potassium thiab phosphorus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov noob ntoo uas tawm hauv av yuav tsum tau ua si aired, raising lub vaj tse, thiab sai li sai tau thaum lub sprouts tau me ntsis ntxiv, lawv pib coj mus rau lub sam thiaj rau kev sib koom tes.
Tsaws hauv av
Transplanting los ntawm qhov chaw ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub thawv mus rau lub vaj teb yog ib txwm ntxhov siab rau lub seedlings, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib nws zoo-nyob rau hauv lub ntuj qhib. Ntawm chav kawm, nws yuav ua tau mus rau av lub seedlings nyob rau hauv txoj kev tsis muaj ntxov tshaj qhov tsaus ntuj frosts ploj. Raws li rau cov av kub, qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov "Japanese truffle" yuav +13 ° C ntawm qhov tob ntawm li 20 cm. 
Ua ntej yuav muab cov menyuam yaus tso rau hauv qhov chaw npaj, nco ntsoov xyuas txhua tus ntawm lawv thiab xaiv cov feem xyuam tshaj plaws rau sawv daws, tso qhov nraub qaum txawm tias nrog cov kab mob me ntsis.
Lws suav seedlings yog cog nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-zes cheeb tsam, tom qab lub scheme 40 × 40 cm. Yog hais tias koj ncaj qha ua raws tag nrho cov kev cai, ces npaj ntawm txaj yuav tsum tau ua txawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, raws li rau sai thiab high-quality kev loj hlob ntawm txiv lws suav thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog rau hauv av yuav tsum yog ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! On lub cog nroj tsuag heev cov tub ntxhais hluas (feem ntau ua ke nrog lub pob tw ntawm ib lub lws suav), thiab yog li ntawd lawv tsis noj cov as-ham ntawm lawv, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum raug muab tshem tawm kom sai.
Kev kho mob thiab dej haus
Txhua hom ntau hom txiv lws suav yuav tsum tsis tu ncua, tab sis nruab nrab ntawm cov kua hauv cov av thiab, ntawm chav kawm, "Japanese truffle" tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov no. Kev haus dej yuav tsum ua kom tiav txhua hnub lossis txhua txhua hnub, thaum yav tsaus ntuj, tsuas yog siv dej sov cais los ntawm lub hnub rau lawv. Tom qab dej, thaum lub sij hawm ua rau lub caij muaj xoob ntawm cov av tuaj yeem ua kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab ua rau saum npoo, thiab tib lub sij hawm peb tuaj yeem txaj txaj nrog lub txaj, tshem cov nroj tsuag ntawm nws. 
Ib qho ntawm cov nta ntawm lws suav yog lub ceev ceev ntawm loj hlob ceg, uas yog vim li cas, sai sai tom qab transplanting, txhua Bush yuav tsum tau khi rau ib tug kev txhawb nqa. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias tshaj plaws hauv koj lub cheeb tsam txawm yog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag uas siv straw, nplooj nplooj qhuav, los yog tseem tshuav ntawm cov qoob loo li cov qoob loo. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kom tsis txhob yuav thiab tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais hluas saplings los ntawm cov kab mob, es tsis txhob xws li mulch koj siv tau tshwj xeeb npog cov khoom.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm "Japanese truffle" yog zoo thiab raws sij hawm pub, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm pob zeb hauv av fertilizers yuav ua tau ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus thiab foliar txoj kev, sprinkling lub nplooj thiab stems ntawm txiv lws suav.
Nyeem kuj hais txog ntau yam txiv lws suav: "Gina", "Grande Grande", "Katya", "Liana", "Maryina Roshcha", "De Barao", "Yamal", "Pink Paradise", "Verlioka", "Dubrava" , "Red yog liab", "Sanka", "Bull lub plawv", "Qab zib qej".
Kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Raws li cov producers, qhov piav ntau yam yuav tsum heev resistant rau pathogenic microorganisms thiab xyaum tsis succumb mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm fungal kab mob, feem ntau yog cov uas yog lig blight. 
Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm ntau gardeners, qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tus mob yuav tsis muaj peev xwm puas koj cog, tab sis nws yog ib qhov ua tau hais tias txiv lws suav yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm, Attendance tsis kaj siab hu ua fomoz. Yog li ntawd, sai li sai tau thaum koj pom xim av cov plaub hau rau ntawm nplooj ntawv nrog cov dub dub ntawm lub cev me me ntawm fungus hauv lawv, tam sim ntawd tshem tawm lawv, thiab nrog lawv cov cuam tshuam txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov ceg tau txau nrog cov Hom Tshuaj Fungicide. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav pab tau kom txo qhov siv ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm chiv nrog ib tug high nitrogen cov ntsiab lus thiab me ntsis txo dej.
Koj puas paub? Txhais los ntawm cov lus Greek, lo lus "nitrogen" txhais hais tias "tsis muaj sia" - lub npe muaj log, muab qhov tseeb tias cov khoom tsis muaj ntxhiab, zij los yog xim. Tib neeg lub cev muaj kwv yees li 3% nitrogen.
Qee lub sij hawm nyob rau txiv lws suav "Japanese truffle" muaj ib qho nqaij qhuav qhuav, uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj li fomosis thiab blight - yuav luag tam sim tom qab transplanting nroj tsuag mus rau hauv qhib av. Los mus txiav txim xyuas qhov muaj tus kab mob no yuav ua rau ntawm cov pob qhuav qhuav ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas loj tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm ob peb millimeters mus rau ob peb cees. Mob nplooj ntoos nplooj ntawv sai sai qhuav thiab poob tawm. Yuav kom tiv nrog tus kab mob, kws txawj pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj "Consento", "Antrakol" thiab "Tattu". 
Ntawm cov kab tsuag ntawm "Japanese truffle" ntau yam, thrips, kab laug sab mites thiab melon aphids, rau kev puas tsuaj uas Karbopos thiab nyom noj tshuaj feem ntau siv, tej zaum yuav muaj kev txaus siab. Yog xav tau cov kev zoo ntawm kev siv fungicides los ntawm kev kho cov nplooj nrog xab npum thiab dej.
Cov xwm txheej rau qhov siab tshaj plaws
Yog tias koj xav kom ncav cuag ntau tshaj tawm los ntawm koj cov txiv lws suav, ces yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb los npaj cov av rau cog. Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, cov av nyob rau daim zaj lus xaiv rau txiv lws suav pib ua tiav los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, ua 1 m² kwv yees li 1-3 kg ntawm humus. Mus rau nws yuav pab tau kom ntxiv ib diav ntawm potash thiab ob dia ntawm superphosphate.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov tias substrate muaj ib tug nruab nrab acidity, rau cov ntoo tshauv yog tswvcuab hauv nws. Tom qab chiv, khawb ntawm lub txaj nrog khaus ntawm lub ntiaj teb txheej yog nqa tawm, thiab thiaj li yuav khaws cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov av, loj clods yuav tsum tau sab laug ntawm qhov chaw (lawv yuav tsis cia cov snow txav mus rau hauv qis txheej thiab ntxuav tawm txoj kab kab ntawm qhov ntawd). 
Thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw rau cog "Japanese Truffle" txiv lws suav, sim kom tsis txhob muaj chaw nyob qhov twg cov nroj tsuag uas siv cov nroj tsuag es siv los cog qoob loo, thiab muab kev xaiv rau cov uas lub hauv paus cog qoob.
Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kom tau txais ib qhov khoom loj heev, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum muaj kev tu zoo zoo rau txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau ua rau dej, rhuav tshem cov kauj ruam thiab siv tshuaj yaj yeeb.
Txiv lws suav "Japanese truffle" tsim nyog koj saib tsis tau vim tias lawv muaj qhov txawv txav, tab sis vim yog lawv qhov kev zoo thiab cov tshuaj pleev kev noj qab haus huv. Tag nrho cov no qhia tias yav tom ntej nyob ze rau ntau yam yuav nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov.
