"Valiant" - ntau yam siv los ua cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov pleev liab uas muaj dej sib xyaw. Vim nws siab tsis kam mus rau cov huab cua phem, qhov no muaj ntau qhov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm thaj chaw qaum teb. Peb caw koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Veliant", sib tham txog nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab kawm txog cov cai ntawm kev cog thiab kev tu cov nroj tsuag.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ntau "Valiant" tau tsim los ntawm American tus kws tshawb fawb-breeder R. M. Peterson. Ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm kws tshawb fawb siv xyoo 1967. Raws li lub hauv paus, ob hom kab txawv teb chaws tau raug xaiv: lub Reparia thiab cov cua uas tiv taus Fredonia.
Kawm txog cov paj txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li "Cov Poj Niam Tsaus", "Zoo Tshaj Plaws", "Delight", "Arched", "Riesling", "Gourmet Gourmet", "Elegant", "Tason", "Furshetny", "Julian" "Chardonnay", "Cabernet Sauvignon", "Gala", "Chameleon", "Harold".
Qhov tshwm sim yog ib tug nyuaj thiab fruiting txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab cov tsiaj cov khoom tau nrhiav tau los ntawm ib hom kab tshiab los ntawm tebchaw "kwvtij". Hauv xyoo 1972, tom qab tsib xyoos, daim ntawv thim tawm raug muab tshem tawm mus kuaj.
Kev piav qhia
Txhais los ntawm lus Askiv, lub npe ntawm hom lus no yog txhais tau tias yog "muaj zog", "siab tawv", "heroic". Lub npe no qhia meej txog kev txheeb ze thiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab.
Koj puas paub? Lub vine yog ib lub cim ntawm Armenia. Nyob hauv Vajluskub Txojlus (Phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum) muaj pov thawj qhia tias Nau-es xub cog cov txiv hmab hauv cov tebchaws no.
Tsob nroj
Qhov "Tus Nqi" yog qhov siab uas loj hlob tuaj nrog cov yas yas. Ntawm txhua txoj kev khiav cov ntaub ntawv txog li 4 pawg. Qhov ntau muaj zoo indicatorss ntawm tsim ntawm stems, li ntawd cov nroj tsuag yog hom phiaj haum rau decorating arched qauv, arbors thiab lub caij ntuj sov terraces.
Bunches
Cov nroj tsuag ua ke bisexual inflorescences thiab ntom txhuam cylindrical duab. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm vine yog 10 cm. Qhov nruab nrab pawg muaj ib qhov ceeb thawj ntawm 100 g. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov me me. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog puag ncig, xim yog tsaus xiav, los ze zog mus rau dub. Cov pob txha muaj qhov loj loj. Lub rind ntawm berries yog tsis ntom txaus, yog li ntawd nws yog muab tshem tawm tau yooj yim los ntawm pulp ntawm ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov txheej txheem qab zib hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tshaj 20%. "Valiant" yog thaum muaj lub pos nphuab tom qab.
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Valiant tau tsim nws tus kheej li universal, nyuaj heev thiab undemanding qib.
Tawm
Productivity yog ib qho tseem ceeb parameter uas yog tus cwj pwm zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab. Productivity yog tsis kwv yees los ntawm kilograms los ntawm ib tug Bush, tab sis los ntawm kilograms los ntawm 1 square meter. m vineyards. "Valiant" muaj qhov siab ntawm fertility. Qhov ntau yam yog pom tias yog siab-yielding, raws li txhua lub xyoo nws ua ib tug ntau ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Nrog ib cheeb tsam ntawm 2.5-4 square metres. m "Tus nqi" muab 10-12 thiab ntau kilograms txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov zoo thiab naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj ncaj qha ntsig txog kev saib xyuas ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov huab cua.
Gestation lub sijhawm
Grapes "Valiant" yog hais txog hom tsiaj ib nrab hnub. Cov nroj tsuag theem, los ntawm budding mus sau, yuav siv sij hawm 128-140 hnub, nyob ntawm thaj chaw tsaws. Technical ripening ntawm berries pib nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm Lub yim hli ntuj - thaum ntxov Lub Cuaj Hli.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm ntau yam "Valiant" los ntawm khub high Frost tsis kam. "Veliant" yog ib qho khoom plig cog qoob loo, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tseem ceeb hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj me ntsis snowy winters qhov twg cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav khov. Raws li qhov kev piav qhia ntawm breeders, lub vineyard tau yooj yim withstand qhov kub poob mus -45 ° C. Cov nroj tsuag tau yooj yim tolerates rau sab qaum teb kev nyab xeeb.
Disease thiab Kab Tsuag tsis kam
Valiant muaj nruab nrab kev ruaj ntseg rau ntau yam kab mob fungal. Lub vine yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm oidium thiab mildew. Txau tawm tsam cov kab mob no yog ua los ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj hom kab mob ntawm cov txiv hmab kuj tseem raug rho tawm anthracnosis, Alternaria, chlorosis, los ntawm kab tsuag - txiv hmab txiv ntoo pruritus, kab laug sab mite, leafworms, scale kab, thrips, aphids, wasps.
Yuav kom tshem tau cov kua mis, siv cov tshuaj xws li Kaptan, Folpet, Zineb, Maneb, Propineb, Metiram, Mancozeb, Thiram. Sulfur dusting yog tawm tsam oidium. Siv cov khoom zoo li "Bayleton", "Rubigan", "Caratan", "Topsin-M 70%." Ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm grape bushes tsuas yog tom qab cov nroj tsuag theem.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Rainy huab cua tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li noo noo contributes rau cov tsos thiab kev loj hlob ntawm fungal kab mob. Yog li ntawd, lub bushes xav lub teeb vaj tse thiaj li hais tias lub sediments tsis poob rau ntawm nplooj thiab pawg ntawm grapes.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes
Rau seedlings tuaj tos tshav ntuj thaj av tiv thaiv los ntawm muaj zog cua daj cua dub. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog ze ntawm lub laj kab los yog pergola thiaj li hais tias vine tau dawb daim ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem cog cov txiv hmab hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj.
Tus cog algorithm yog tib yam rau tag nrho cov ntau yam:
- Khawb ib qhov ntawm qhov tob tob.
- Ntxiv dub av thiab ntxhia khaub ncaws.
- Do thiab npog nrog dej ntau zaus.
- Muab lub seedlings nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 50 cm los ntawm txhua lwm yam thiab prikopayte av.
- Ncuav mulch ib ncig ntawm lub Bush.
- Ncuav dej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub grapes ntawm no ntau yam yuav tsum tau zus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev nyab xeeb qhuav. Qhov no yuav raug txim rau Bush tawm tsam fungal tus kab mob.
Peculiarities ntawm kev saib xyuas
Lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb rau lub xeev ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab nws fruiting yog watering, pruning thiab fertilizing.
Watering tsim ua cov av dries. Nyob rau hauv txias climates, cov av warms tsawg, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob ncuav dej. Sai li sai tau dej yog absorbed ib me ntsis, loosen cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Bush.
Pruning nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm ntawm ripening ntawm berries (nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg) los yog raws li yuav tsum tau. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub yim hli ntuj, tua yuav tsum tau mus rau shortened by 25-30 cm, thiaj li hais tias lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau txais ntau muab kev pab cuam. Nco ntsoov tshem tawm cov nplooj ntoo qhuav thiab cov nplooj kab mob.
Hauv paus hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau ua kom ib ce ntau zaus rau ib lub caij. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom muaj zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub Bush, los txhim kho lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lawv cov saj, mus nce lub tawm los.
Feem ntau, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pub rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Ua li no, siv cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av ua kom paub meej txaus nitrogen, phosphorus thiab potassium.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Sau npe, xav txog qhov ua tau zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm "Valiant". Qhov tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb disadvantage ntawm ntau yam, feem ntau growers xav instability rau oidium thiab mildew.
Lub ntsiab zoo tshaj plaws uas yog qhov txawv txav no yog hais txog nws extraordinary Frost tsis kam. Grapes yog heev unassuming rau cultivation nyob rau hauv nyuaj climatic ib ncig. Cov kws cog qoob cog qoob pom tias lub cuttings ntawm lub shrub ua tau pom zoo heev ntawm adaptability, uas zoo heev simplifies tus txheej txheem ntawm loj hlob ntau yam. 
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, cov tswv ntawm grape plantations tas li saib xyuas tias lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm ua ntej pib ntawm tus sau yeej sau thiab legitimized ib tug siab nyiam. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub shrubs raug cog ze rau cov ntoo, thiaj li hais tias lub grape tua curled raws lawv. Maj mam, lub stems them bark heev tias tsob ntoo qhuav tawm thiab ua hauj lwm tsuas yog raws li ib tug withered kev them nyiaj yug rau grape Bush. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau nce mus txog qhov kev pab no.Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws yog qhov siab tawm los ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo nroj tsuag, thiab raws li thaum ntxov ripening ntawm vine. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv hauv noble aroma thiab txawv saj.
Xws li ntau yam thiab ua kom zoo siab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv koj lub vaj!
