Pob kws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov nroj tsuag uas cog hauv kev ua liaj / teb hauv tsib continents. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no kab lis kev cai - ib qho ntawm feem ntau ancient thiab siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Piv txwv li, tus neeg nyob hauv Mev ntawm Mexico noj 90 kg ntawm ib xyoos twg, thiab ib tug pej xeem hauv Teb Chaws Mis Kas - 73 kg. Maize, raws li cov khoom no hu ua nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws, yog noj tsis tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg, nws kuj yog pub rau tsiaj txhu. Nws muaj ib qho loj npaum li cas cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab muaj pes tsawg tus tseem ceeb thiab kev pabcuam. Xav txog kev sib sau cov pob kws rau grain thiab silage, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej nuances.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub sijhawm zoo thiab ntau
Qhov zoo thiab ntim ntawm cov pob kws rau grain lossis silage yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sij hawm sau qoob loo thiab cov tshuab siv rau qhov no. Ntawm cov xwm txheej no nws nyob ntawm qhov tsis xws li:
- qhov hnyav tsis tau;
- tus naj npawb ntawm cov nplej uas puas lawm;
- noo noo.
Koj puas paub? Pob kws tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus rau cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj txhu xwb. Nws kuj yog siv los ua cov xim, plaster, yas, kua nplaum, cawv, tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Muaj cov tswv yim pom zoo rau qhov kev cog qoob thiab qhov ntev ntawm kev cog qoob loo, ua raws li kev lag luam uas muaj peev xwm txo cov nyiaj poob haujlwm (lawv yuav tsis pub tshaj 2-2.5%) thiab ua tiav cov khoom zoo. 
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov yuav poob thaum lub sij hawm khov ntawm cereal cov qoob loo thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raising lub humidity. Cov noob qoob li noo noo, lub cobs ua hnyav, thiab, raws li, lub qia ntawm cov nroj tsuag khoov. Yog li ntawd, peb tau lodged cov nroj tsuag los yog cov laib cob, uas nyuaj rau tshem tawm cov txheej txheem. Thiab cov khoom nws tus kheej yog piam, ntes cov kab mob nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob.
Yog li, yog hais tias lub sij hawm sau qeeb lig, cov qoob loo zais yuav nce li peb mus rau plaub zaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav muaj ib qho loj ntawm cov impurities, txav cov nplej. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis tsim kom tau tsaws, thiab nws kev lag luam yuav qis dua. 
Ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sau qoob siab zoo yog txoj kev yog. Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau kho qhov txiav qhov siab ntawm stems - nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog hais tias nws yuav tsum tau hloov nyob rau theem ntawm 10-15 cm los ntawm hauv av. Xws li lub chaw yuav tiv thaiv kom txhob kis tau ntawm kab tsuag ntawm pob npauj pob kws.
Kawm yuav ua li cas kom sau lub caij ntuj no nplej, rhubarb, buckwheat, beets thiab carrots.
Cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, thiaj li yuav tshem tau cov qoob loo ntawm no, chaw rau kev siv cov khoom sib txuas (ntawm txhua hom), uas muaj tangential or axial threshing apparatus.
Pob kws yog lub qoob loo rau qoob loo los ntawm ob txoj kev:
- txiav cov cob (nrog los yog tsis ntxuav);
- threshing grain.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hau yuav hloov nrog 4-8 kab kev cog pob kws, muab koj tshem tawm cov cobs thiab pov lub straw rau ntawm daim teb hauv daim av. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txiav cov cuab yeej ua ke.Nyob rau hauv lub cob qhia, grain qoob loo yog harvested rau cov khoom noj thiab cov noob, nyob rau hauv grains - rau fodder.
Silage plant yog tua tau los ntawm lub forage harvester uas cais thiab shreds lub stems thiab plunges lawv mus rau hauv lub tsheb. 
Thaum sau cov pob kws
Lub sij hawm thiab ntev ntawm kev cog qoob cog, qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau qoob loo thiab cov khoom siv yuav txawv raws li seb nws yuav tsum tau tua rau cov qoob loo los yog silage.
Rau grain
Nrog rau hom no ntawm txoj kev sau, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog poob thiab puas tsuaj cov khoom siv li tsawg li sai tau, thiab kom muab cov pob kws nrog ntau qhov feem pua ntawm qhov teeb meem qhuav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm:
- tu tsev tu ncua;
- cog hybrids uas tiv taus qhov chaw nyob;
- kev siv cov cuab yeej zoo thiab siv tshuab kom zoo.
Ntev yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev tshaj ob lub lim tiam. Yog li ntawd, thiaj li kom tsis txhob muaj luv luv, raws li ib txoj cai, hybrids uas muaj txawv ripening cov nqe lus yog sown.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob cia cov pob kws nyob hauv thaj av mus txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Qhov no yuav ua rau lub fact tias nws yuav ntau dua tus kab mob nrog fungal kab mob, thiab lub noob yuav poob lawv muaj peev xwm mus germinate thaum raug mus rau Frost.Qoob loo nyob rau hauv kev cob qhia huv "Khersonets-7", "Khersonets-200", KSKU-6, KOP-1. Kuj, qhov ua tau zoo dua tuaj yeem ua tiav thaum siv rau kev ntxais pob kws. Nyob rau hauv ib hnub, ib tug ua ke yuav tshem tawm mus txog 5 hectares ntawm cog. Agrotechnical cai rau harvesting grain:
- txiav qhov siab - 10-15 cm;
- tiav kev khaws cov cobs yam tsis tau tu - 96.5%;
- tawg cobsuab - tsis pub ntau tshaj 2%;
- theem ntawm kev kho kom huv si - 95%;
- lis qib tu qib - 97%;
- poob ntawm grain rau sib txuas - 0.7%;
- Nedomolot - 1.2%;
- crushing - 2.5%;
- qhov muaj grain nyob rau hauv lub silo yog 0.8%.
Rau ntawm silo
Kev kho rau kev kaw twj ywm kuj nyob ntawm seb qhov hnoos zoo li cas. Ntsuab hnyav yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab noj qab haus huv, skewed thaum lub noob pob kws tau mus txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau kom loj hlob nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm lub khob cij-rog. Nplooj ntub dej noo thaum lub sij hawm no yuav nyob rau ntawm theem 65-70% (nplej - 35-55%), lawv yuav muaj ntsis acidity thiab txaus cov ntsiab lus qab zib. Grain nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm yuav nce tshaj plaws tus nqi ntawm starch. 
Thaum nyuam qhuav pib ntxuav nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, yuav muaj ntau cov kev pab cuam. Nrog mowing lig, cov roj zom yuav dhau los ua ib qho nyuaj thiab qhuav. Thiab thaum twg cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ntsuab loj ntawm qhuav teeb meem ntau tshaj li 30% ntawm silage yuav tsis zoo absorbed los ntawm cov nyuj. Whereas, piv txwv li, nyob rau theem ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob, ntsuab loj yuav muaj peev xwm muab cov nyuj muaj zog los ntawm 20% thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom tsim tau los ntawm cov mis nyuj ntau lawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias grain qoob loo yog khov, ces nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov ntsuab loj mus rau silage rau tsib hnub. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws yuav tsis zoo rau cov laj thawj no.Harvesting pob ze rau silage yuav ua tau nrog ib tug KSS-2.6 hom ua ke nrog kev siv PNP-2.4 ntxiv nrog rau lub tshuab xa tuaj rau nws, tos cov yob thiab sib tsoo. Nyob hauv ib qho kev sib tw dhau los, tus kheej txoj kev sib koom ua ke ua txiav nyom, chopping zaub ntsuab thiab nws mus rau hauv tsheb.
Agrotechnical cai rau harvesting silage:
- txiav qhov siab - 10 cm;
- poob ntawm ntsuab loj rau ua ke - 1.5%;
- tus naj npawb ntawm qhov xav tau ntev yog 70%.
Cia tej yam kev mob
Muaj ob txoj kev khaws cia cov pob kws:
- nyob rau cob;
- nyob rau hauv lub grain.
Ua ntej yuav muab cobs kom cia, lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo siv, cov nplooj tawm thiab qhuav zoo rau cov dej noo ntawm 13-14%.
Granules rau cov khoom ntim yog cia rau hauv cov thawv yas, cov thawv ntawv lossis cov hnab ntaub. Thaum muab tso rau hauv hnab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias lawv tsis saturated nrog noo noo, pub kom lub noob yuav poob lawv muaj peev xwm mus germinate. Pob kws nrog txoj kev no khaws cia hauv cov chaw tsis txhawj xeeb. Txee lub neej yog ob xyoos. Nws cov av noo yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 13%.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog rau txoj kev khaws cia lwm cov qoob loo uas nrov tuaj: carrots, dos, txiv lws suav, qij, txiv apples, cucumbers, qos yaj ywm thiab beets.
Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov nplej hauv cov kaus poom, vim qhov no lawv tsis poob lawv cov khoom siv thiab zaub mov noj. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm khaws grain nrog ib tug noo noo ntsiab lus ntawm 30%.
Koj puas paub? Pob kws muaj peev xwm loj hlob xwb ib tug txiv neej - nws yog cog nrog noob. Muaj tsis muaj xws li cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv cov qus..Tom tsev, qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws los khaws cov pob kws yog lub fridge thiab lub tub yees. Nyob rau hauv cov hnab hauv lub tub yees, lub cobs yog zoo peeled thiab presoaked nyob rau hauv dej salted thiab acidified nrog txiv qaub kua txiv rau 10 hnub.
Nyob rau hauv lub freezer, cobs raug muab tso rau tom qab kev kho mob - lawv dipped alternately nyob rau hauv dej khov thiab kub boiled dej rau ob los yog peb feeb. Tom qab ntawd lawv zoo qhuav thiab qhwv nrog cling zaj duab xis. Yog li, cov pob kws yuav muaj qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov as-ham thiab cov khoom siv tau thiab muab khaws cia rau txhua lub caij ntuj no.
Pob kws yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj noj khoom haus. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab khoom noj zoo zoo, koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov qoob loo ntawm cov khoom noj no thiab tsis txhob mus dhau lub sij hawm pom zoo rau lub sij hawm ntev.
