Niaj hnub no peb yuav sib tham txog qhov yug ntawm npua ntawm Pietren. Cov tsiaj no yog siv dav hauv teb chaws Europe, vim nws cov khoom tsim tau thiab tsawg npaum li cas pov tseg thaum lub sij hawm slaughter.
Peb yuav paub seb qhov Pietrain breed yog dab tsi, sib tham txog profitability ntawm cultivation, thiab kuj tham txog tej yam kev mob ntawm txim thiab lub intricacies ntawm yug me nyuam.
Kev piav qhia thiab nta ntawm yug menyuam
Pietrain - yug ntawm npua ntawm cov nqaij sawb kev coj, tus yam ntxwv thiab duab ntawm uas yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Qhov no yug yog bred hauv Belgium by hla ntau cov nqaij breeds. Raws li kev tshwm sim ntawm kaum xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, Pietrain breed tau, uas muaj cov kev zoo uas cov neeg tsim xav. 
Lwm tus yam ntxwv
Ib tug tsiaj loj uas nws lub cev yog elongated nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug lub tog raj kheej. Tus musculature zoo tsim, uas yog pom rau qhov muag liab qab. Lub taub hau me me, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov feem pua ntawm cov nqaij ntshiab. Lub pob ntseg yog erect. Sab nraub qaum yog dav, muaj ib tug zawj raws li qaum.
Nws yog tsim nyog them nqi rau xim, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm dub loj thaj ua rau thaj "dawb".
Peb tawm tswv yim rau koj nyeem txog lwm hom ntawm npua: Hungarian mangalitsa, Mirgorod, red-siv, loj loj, Nyab laj vislobryusha.
Cov khoom zoo
Nws yog tsim nyog pib nrog lub fact tias cov nqaij ntawm no yug yog xam kev noj haus, thiab qhov no nce nws cov nqi.
Ib tug neeg laus boar weighs ntawm 200 mus rau 250 kg, lub uterus - txog li 200 kg suav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tshwm sim tau tias qee cov tib neeg muaj peev xwm tshaj qhov feem ntau ntawm cov hnyav uas tau muaj los ntawm ob peb lub kaum kilograms.
Cov poj niam nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm muab tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 10 piglets, uas tsis txawv loj hlob. Gilts ncav cuag lub siab ntawm 90 kg ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 8 lub hlis, yog li ntawd tus yug yog xam mid lub caij. 
Hais txog kev loj hlob, nws tsim nyog xav tias Pietrain hauv qhov kev npaj no poob qab lwm cov tsiaj, mus tsis tshaj 500 grams ib hnub. Nws kuj yog tsim nyog xav tias kev pub noj ib tug 1 kg ntawm qhov hnyav nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 5 qhov chaw pub.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Sows yuav tsis pub lub offspring, yog li lub neej thav ntawm me me Tshuag yog heev high.
Pros thiab cons ntawm yug
Tom ntej no, peb tham txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm Pietrain, uas muaj feem xyuam rau ob qho tib si rau peb kev nyab xeeb thiab qhov siab ntawm kev kub, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tsiaj.
Tshaj tawm
- Siab tawm los ntawm cov zaub mov dawb huv ntawm slaughter (kwv yees li 70%).
- Cov tsiaj yug ua rau cov kab mob hauv lub nruab nrog (kab mob kis mob).
- Yuav tsis ntim cov roj ntau ntau, tsis hais txog kev noj haus thiab caloric kom tsawg.
- Zoo txuam rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces, khaws cov cim ntawm meatiness hauv zag.
Ntseeg
- Phem heev acclimatized.
- Rhais kom sov los yog txias, vim yog tsis muaj rog.
- Siab rhiab heev rau kev nyuab siab thaum caij tsheb thauj mus los thiab thaum kho.
- Lub siab ntawm cov nqaij zoo nyob rau hauv zoo ntawm pub.
- Sows tsis tsuas muab ib qho me me ntawm cov me nyuam, tab sis kuj tsis tuaj yeem muab nrog mis nyuj.
- Heev qeeb huab hwm coj nyob rau hauv gilt npua.
Koj puas paub? Qhov loj tshaj plaws boar nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tau tsa hauv lub teb chaws USA. Ib tug hybrid ntawm Polish thiab Suav yug tau tau muaj ceeb thawj nyob rau hauv 1153 kg.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv kev noj qab nyob npua thaum muas
Peb mus rau xaiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj, on uas tsis tsuas yog lub tsim tau tab sis kuj qhov nce ntawm qhov hnyav nce yuav nyob ntawm seb.
Cia peb pib nrog tsos. Ua ntej, xim xim yuav tsum sib haum mus rau tej yam tsis tau. Txawm tias qhov tsawg tshaj plaws gilt muaj dub pob. Qhov thib ob, yuav tsum tsis muaj ntshav tsuas thiab muaj pob khaus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub gilt yuav tsum sawv ntsug ntawm nws ko taw, thiab lub hooves yuav tsum muaj xim ci ci ntsa iab.
Tom ntej, saib tseeb tom. Nws tsis yog coj txawv txawv, heev npaum li cas nyob ntawm qhov tom, raws li cov tub ntxhais hluas nrog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm yuav ua rau mob plawv, feem ntau, maj mam txais nyhav. 
Tsom ntsoov rau tus cwj pwm. Piglet yuav tsum ciaj, txav, nquag noj thiab haus dej. Tus tsiaj noj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsaug zog los yog zaum, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov no lossis nug tus muag khoom kom hu rau ib tug npua kom nws tsiv.
Peb ntsuam xyuas qhov kev xaiv. Cov quav thiab zis yuav tsum mus dawb. Qog noj qab nyob zoo rau hauv cov xim daj.
Tom qab ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib piv nrog txoj kev loj hlob hnub nyoog. Tus npua yuav tsum tsis txhob loj heev lossis me me, uas yuav qhia tau hais tias deviations. Kuj tseem ceeb rau lub sijhawm ua pa, uas yuav tsum tau ntev txog li 90 feeb. Ua pa nquag ua rau mob ntsws muaj tus kab mob ntsws.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis yuav cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj uas hnoos thiab hawb pob. Qhov no qhia tias muaj kab mob ntsws.
Nws yuav tsum to taub tias unscrupulous sellers yuav tau tawm nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev, hais tias tag nrho cov no yuav dhau, tsuas yog huab cua tsis yog hais tias, kev nyuaj siab thiab thiaj li nyob rau. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob "coj" rau kev haub ntxias, vim tias qhov khoom zoo tsis xav tau kev zam. 
Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev raug txim
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tau saib xyuas thaum uas ua kom muaj Pietrain yog qhov kub thiab txias.
Tsis txhob xav hais tias cov npua no yuav ua rau mob khaub thuas, ua vaj tse. Lawv xav tau qhov ntsuas kub nyob hauv 17-28 ° C. Yog hais tias nws yog txias nyob rau hauv lub pigsty, cov tsiaj yuav tau txais ib txias. Yog tias nws kub dhau, heatstroke.
Tsis txhob hnov qab tias qhov muaj cov qhov kom zoo yog qhov tsim nyog tias cov pigsty tsis damp thiab lwm yam hu ua fungi. Kev tsis lees paub tias txoj cai no, koj yuav tau qaug zog npua uas yuav "tau txais" nrog ntau yam kab mob ntsws.
Yuav kom tswj tau qhov ntsuas siab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav ua rau sab nrauv los sis sab hauv tsev uas siv cov npuas yas npuas. Qhov cua yuav tsum tsis txhob tsim cov cua ntsawj ntshab, tab sis yuav tsum tau muab cov chav nyob nrog huab cua.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Saib lub ntsuas kub nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, vim nws yooj yim kom sov chav tsev dua li txias.
Tsiaj zov tsiaj
Kev saib xyuas yog qhov hloov ntawm litter, uas yuav tsum tau qhuav tas li. Ntub quav nyab los yog straw yog ib qhov chaw ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic. Yuav tsum ntxuav cov dej tso tawm kom xwm yeem thiab cov tais hluav taws xob uas siv rau cov khoom noj. 
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, npua yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kom muaj kab mob parasites thiab kab mob, uas yog qhov yooj yim ua, thaum taug kev hauv aviary. Koj tuaj yeem ntsuam xyuas qhov hnyav nce siab los xam lub sijhawm ntawm kev tua tsiaj.
Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, thaum qhov kub thiab txias lawm, cov zis yuav tsum tau da dej ntawm chav tsev kub, uas yuav txias cov npua thiab txo cov kab mob cab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias cov tsiaj raug kev tsim txom los ntawm daim tawv nqaij cab, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tuaj yeem ua ib lub cim ntawm ib da dej uas muaj tshauv. Npua yuav "da dej" hauv nws, tau tshem ntawm uninvited qhua.
Pub pub noj
Los ntawm kev noj haus nyob ntawm seb koj tau txais ntau ntawm cov nqaij los yog tsis, yuav ua li cas nws yuav saj thiab ua li cas tseem ceeb rau koj lub cev.
Cov neeg laus cov tsiaj muaj noj cov zaub mov muaj calorie uas yuav muab ntau tshaj qhov hnyav txhua hnub, uas yog:
- qab zib beet;
- pob kws;
- legumes (tsis yog zaub ntsuab, tab sis noob);
- pub;
- seem ntawm lub rooj (tsuas yog ntuj, tsis muaj flavours thiab dyes).
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj haus yuav tsum muaj cov vitamins thiab microelements, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm yuav cov khoom noj haus tshwjxeeb tshwj xeeb.
Nws yuav tsum to taub tias Pietrain tsis tau overeat, vim tias cov kev rog loj yuav pib, yog li cia wb noj ntau npaum li cov tsiaj noj tau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, them nyiaj tshuav tsawg npaum li cas, tshem tawm ntau tshaj. 
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev pub mis rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, uas "niam" tsis tuaj yeem muab tus nqi tsawg ntawm cov mis.
Nyob rau hnub thib ob tom qab yug me nyuam, tus npua yog muab purified dej thiab pob zeb hauv av tshuaj. Nyob rau hnub 3 - nyuj lub mis (tsuas yog hauv tsev, tsis xaiv qhov kev xaiv). Thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj ib lub lim tiam, koj tuaj yeem muab porridge los ntawm oats. Tom qab 1.5 lub lis piam peb muab cov nqaij leg dej ntim (tshiab, tsis refractory).
Los ntawm 11 mus rau 14 hnub peb pub nrog grated tshiab carrots. Nws yog ib advisable siv tsis fodder, tab sis rooj ntau yam. Los ntawm 15 mus rau 19 hnub peb siv boiled beets, grated on ib coarse grater. Los ntawm 20th hnub peb pib muab cov nyom muaj nyom, thiab los ntawm 25th - boiled qos yaj ywm. Tom qab ntawd maj mam hloov mus rau cov khoom noj "laus", tsom ntsoov rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob hauv cov khw muag khoom noj tshwj xeeb koj tuaj yeem yuav yuav ib qho stimulant ntawm cov mis nyuj ua los ntawm ib lub noob, uas yuav pab tau pub cov neeg tawv nqaij hauv thawj nkawm.
Kab mob: kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob
Hypothermia, pathogens thiab parasites tau "nqi zog" tsiaj txhu nrog cov kab mob ntawm qhov sib txawv. Tom ntej no peb yuav tham txog yam uas koj xav tau npaj rau thaum uas loj hlob ntawm Pietren. 
Kab mob peptic ulcer. Tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj, uas pib noj noj thaum ntxov, npaj rau cov laus piglets. Cov Cim: ntuav, zaub mov seem hauv cov quav, tsis kam noj. Nws raug kho los ntawm kev cais los ntawm lwm cov tsiaj, kom koj tuaj yeem muab tau txhua txhua hnub thiab yeem ntxhuav.
Gastroenteritis. Tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj me thaum lub sij hawm pib thaum lawv pib muab khoom noj "laus". Roughly hais lus, qhov no yog ib qho kev ua rau cov neeg laus npua zaub mov. Cov tsos mob: kub cev, ntuav, kua ua kua, tsis muaj zog. Nws kho nrog laxatives, tom qab uas koj xav tau pub ua kua dej dawb. Yog hais tias tag nrho lwm yam tsis, peb tig mus rau veterinarian kom muab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog cov kab mob ntawm npua: African plague, parakeratosis, pasteurellosis.
Bronchitis. Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm hypothermia thiab drafts. Cov Cim Qhia: kub cev, tso tawm ntawm qhov ntswg (tsis paub), tsis kam noj. Pib, koj yuav tsum xa cov tsiaj mus rau chav tsev sov, sov lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj streptocide thiab ammonium chloride siv.
Muaj qee yam kab mob uas kho tsis tau tom tsev, yog tias koj cov tsiaj muaj ntshav nyob rau hauv lawv cov excrement, rau cov tsis paub tias yog vim li cas, qhov kub nce, lub cev nqaij daim tawv los yog ua pob liab liab - hu tus tsiaj ntawv tam sim ntawd kom txuag tus tsiaj.
Koj puas paub? Cov nto moo tshaj plaws thiab bred ntawm nqaij yug ntawm npua yog landraces thiab Estonian nqaij sawb breeds.
Rearing
Rau ib lub caij pib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog ua kom paub meej tias lub sow yog noj qab haus huv, yog tias tag nrho cov tsiaj txhu yuav tuag. Tshuaj xyuas qhov kev mob ntawm lub pigsty, nyob rau hauv uas lub noj qab haus huv thiab ciaj sia taus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. 
Nws yog qhov zoo dua kom hla Pietrain nrog lwm tus tsiaj txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kom yooj yim. Hybrids nrog Duroc npua muaj zoo dua cov nqaij zoo, thiab nrog lub teb chaws yug, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev loj hlob thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov hnyav nce.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los coj qhov kev xeem nyob hauv ob txoj kev, muab ob hnub ua ntej qhov no rau "kev paub txog" ntawm cov niam txiv yav tom ntej. Tom qab fertilization yog ua, lub sows yog tsim nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob thiab muab cov protein ntau nplua nuj. Koj yuav tsum tau coj cov qoob loo kom taug kev hauv tus cwj mem, xwv kom cov ceg tawv tsis tuaj yeem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
Tom qab yug los, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov tawv nqaij. Yog qee leej yug tau qeeb - tuaj tos thiab nais maum hauv qhov chaw sov uas siv cov khoom noj saum toj no. Muaj zog tawv tuaj yeem nrog niam.
Tam sim no koj paub dab tsi yog nthuav yug Pietren rau me me liaj teb. Cov yug menyuam, txawm tsis txawv los ntawm unpretentiousness, txawm li cas los, ua rau nws tau ob qho tib si six thiab noj nqaij noj, uas yog muaj nuj nqis ntau lub sij hawm siab tshaj cov khoom ntawm domestic npua breeds. Thov nco ntsoov tias cov kev cai uas tau piav qhia yog ib qho axiom, lawv tsis ua raws cai ua rau poob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg.
