Fir yog ib tug coniferous evergreen nrog ib tug conical crown. Lub crown ntawm fir fires pib los ntawm qia. Nyob rau hauv cov laus cov ntoo, sab saum toj ntawm lub crown yog rounded los yog notched.
Cov xim ntawm periderm yog grey, nws tsis yog wrinkled nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov tsiaj ntawm fir. Lub periderm ntawm cov ntoo hlob tuaj ua cov thicker thiab kab nrib thaum lub sij hawm. Qee hom ntawm cov ntoo ua si muaj koob ntawm ntsuab-grey los yog ntsuab-xiav xim. Cov koob ntawm cov ntoo feem ntau yog cov tiaj tus, tsaus ntsuab hauv xim nrog cov kua mis hauv qab.
Fir muaj ib tus ntxhiab tsw qab ntxiag. Muaj li ntawm plaub caug hom fir, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tsim nyog rau kev tsim vaj tse tsim, txij li tus neeg cov nroj tsuag loj hlob mus rau caum metres. Cones muaj nyob rau saum lub hau. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cones siv sijhawm kaum xyoo. Ntoo cones poob mus rau hauv av nrog stiffened qhov chaw. Lub hauv paus hniav yog qhov muaj zog.
Muaj firs nrog hniav cones, cov no muaj xws li cov nram qab no hom kab mob: Kauslim fir, Wichi fir, monochrome fir, Fraser fir, Siberian fir. Fir raug faib mus rau hauv cov tsiaj, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj ntau yam ntau yam. Hauv qab no yog cov feem nrov thiab ntau ntau yam ntawm fir.
Koj puas paub? Ib qho txawv txav ntawm fir nroj tsuag yog qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom pov thawj nyob hauv lub periderm, thiab tsis ntoo.
Balsam Fir
Lub teb chaw ntawm balsam fir yog North America thiab Canada. Sab saum toj ntawm tsob ntoo yog symmetrical, ntom, thiab pinned, tsawg. Nroj qhov siab - los ntawm 15 mus rau 25 meters. Nrog rau hnub nyoog, periderm hloov nws cov xim los ntawm tshauv-grey mus rau liab-xim av, thiab tua los ntawm ruby rau liab-xim av. Ncau ceg raug muab tso rau hauv lub nplhaib. Cov koob yog ci iab, poisonous ntsuab, nrog ib tug tsis hnov tsw balsamic, me me ntawm lilac xim. 
Cones cylindrical, txog li 10 centimeters. Qhov no hom ntawm fir yog ntxoov siab, frost-resistant thiab ceev ceev-loj hlob. Cov ceg ntawm theem qis zoo noj paus. Balsam fir yog sawv cev los ntawm ob peb daim teb vaj tsev zoo li Nana thiab Hudsonia.
Xws li cov ntoo ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag zoo li spruce, honeysuckle, cypress, juniper, boxwood, ntoo thuv, thuja, yew yuav ua kom zoo nkauj kho kom zoo nkauj rau lub dacha.
Balsam fir ntau yam Nana yog ib qho cog qeeb-loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug dwarf shrub. Bush yog down-to-earth, hauv ncoo-puab, qhov siab tsis tshaj li tsib caug centimeters, thiab lub cheeb yog eighty centimeters. Lub koob ntawm Bush yog luv luv, ruby-xim, hnyav ncawv knocked cia, pleasantly smelling. Nana yog lub caij ntuj no-tsis muaj zog, tab sis tsis kam siab kub thiab kev ua kom raug.Fir monochrome
Lub teb chaw ntawm lub monochrome fir yog thaj chaw mountainous ntawm lub tebchaws USA thiab qaum teb Mexico. Cov ntoo loj hlob mus txog rau caum metres. Lub crown yog dav conic. Periderm ntom, xim grey xim nrog oblong tawg. Cov koob ntawm lub tshuab monochrome yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lwm hom, nws ntev txog li rau 6 centimeters. 
Cov xim ntawm lub koob yog grey-ntsuab matt rau tag nrho cov sab, lawv yog cov mos thiab muaj ib co kua txiv qaub qab ntxhiab. Lub cones yog maub liab doog nyob rau hauv cov xim, lawv ntev ncav 12 cm, cov duab yog oval-cylindrical. Monochrome fir yog tsob ntoo loj hlob sai sai, tiv taus cov cua, pa taws, ua kom muaj kev ntxhab thiab zaub. Nyob txog 350 xyoo. Fir monochrome muaj ntau hom ntaub ntawv, ntawm lawv nrov ntau yam xws li Violacea thiab Compact.
Violacea - liab doog monochrome fir. Lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo yog dav, conical, qhov siab tsis tshaj li yim metres. Lub koobtshuaj koob, dawb thiab xiav. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm fir yog tsis tshua muaj pom nyob rau hauv ornamental plantings. 
Campakta yog ib lub thav plaub, tsob nroj qeeb-loj hlob nrog cov ceg ntoo uas tsis muaj teeb meem. Qhov ntev ntawm rab koob ncav plaub caug centimeters, xim yog xiav. Ib yam li Violaceu, nws tuaj yeem ntsib tau tsawg heev.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Phom koob hloov txhua ob peb xyoos thiab tsis xeb, uas ua rau nws zoo nkauj rau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim txua landscape.
Kefallin fir (Greek)
Kefalli fir nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Albania thiab tim Nkij teb chaws, nyob rau hauv toj siab ntawm ib qhov chaw siab txog li ob txhiab siab saum hiav txwv. Nyob rau hauv qhov siab, tus nroj tsuag hlob mus rau 35 metres, lub cheeb ntawm lub cev nce mus txog ob meters. Crown yog tuab, tapered, tsawg. Lub periderm tiav nrawm dhau lub sijhawm. Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas yog liab qab, pom tau tias yog polished, ci, ci xim av los yog liab-xim av hauv xim. Raum lub pob txha zoo nkauj, pob zeb liab-lilac xim. 
Koob txhaj rau 3.5 cm nyob rau hauv ntev thiab ib tug dav ntawm tsis ntau tshaj peb millimeters. Cov saum ntawm lub koob yog ntse, lub koob lawv tus kheej yog ci iab thiab tuab, tsaus ntsuab saum toj no thiab daj ntseg ntsuab hauv qab no. Cov koob raug muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv khov, nrog rau txhua tus. Cones nqaim, cylinder zoo li, zoo, loj. Ua ntej, qhov ua pob yog lilac-xim, thiab raws li lawv paub tab, lawv tig xim av-liab doog. Greek fir yog drought-resistant, loj hlob qeeb, ntshai cold winters.
Dawb Fir (Manchu Dub)
Lub teb chaw ntawm tag nrho-leafed fir yog sab qab teb ntawm Primorye, North China thiab Kauslim Teb. Tsob ntoo tuaj mus txog 45 meters. Lub crown yog tuab, dav pyramidal, xoob, lowered mus rau hauv av. Ib qho txawv tshwj xeeb ntawm hom ntoo no yog xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij - ua ntej nws yog tsaus grey thiab ces dub. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas saplings, lub periderm yog daj-grey xim. Koob txhaj, nruj, ntse, khoom. Sab saum toj ntawm rab koob ntawm maub ntsuab xim yog ci, thiab hauv qab no yog sib zog. 
Cov koob yog teem rau ntawm cov ceg nyob rau hauv tsis. Dub Manchurian fir hloov pauv txhua cuaj xyoo. Cones ntawm ib tug cylindrical duab, lub teeb xim av, tar, velvet-pubescent. Thawj kaum xyoo ntawm lub neej hlob qeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd ces txoj kev loj hlob yog nce zuj zus. Lub neej ntawm tsob ntoo yog 400 xyoo. Tsob ntoo yog lub caij ntuj no-nyuaj, ntxoov ntxoo-siab, cua-resistant, yuav tsum tau high av noo noo thiab ib puag ncig.
Nordmann fir (Caucasian)
Lub teb chaws ntawm Caucasian fir yog Western Caucasus thiab Qaib Cov Txwv. Nordmann fir hlob mus txog rau 60 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, pob tw kab - mus txog rau ob meters. Zaj ntawm ib lub vos khom-puab, densely branched. Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj qhov ci ntsa iab xim daj los yog xim daj periderm, uas nws thiaj li hloov xim. Cov menyuam yaus yog xim liab-xim av thiab ces dawb-grey.
Cov koob yog ntsuab ntsuab, ntom, hauv qab ntawm koob nyiaj. Koj tuaj yeem tsis tau raws li Caucasian fir, vim hais tias tsob ntoo muaj lub caij ntuj no tsis muaj zog. Muaj ob peb ntau yam ntawm fir rau zoo nkauj cultivation: Pendula Aurea, Gtauka, Albo-Spekata. 
Koj puas paub? Lub neej ntawm Nordmann fir yog tsib puas xyoo.
Sakhalin fir
Sakhalin fir nyob rau Sakhalin thiab Nyiv. Cov nroj tsuag yog heev zoo nkauj, mus txog peb caug meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, muaj ib tug periderm tus ntawm maub hlau xim, uas hlob darker raws li nws hlob. Qhov lub cheeb ntawm seedling tsis ntau tshaj ib Meter. Ceg ntoo ntawm lub rooj sib txoos sab saum toj me ntsis curved upward. 
Koob yog mos, tsaus ntsuab hauv xim, nrog cov kua mis hauv qab. Qhov ntev ntawm lub koob ncav cuag plaub centimeters, qhov dav yog tsis pub ntau tshaj ob millimeters. Cones yog muab tso rau vertically, qhov zoo yog cylindrical. Cov xim ntawm lub cones yog xim av lossis dub-xiav, ntev 8 cm, lub cheeb 3 cm. Tus nroj tsuag yog Frost-resistant, ntxoov ntxoo-tolerant, yuav tsum tau cov ntsiab lus ntawm nce noo noo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab av.
Subalpine fir (roob)
Roob hluav taws tuaj rau saum roob siab ntawm North America. Qhov siab tsis tshaj 40 meters, lub pob tw yog 60 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Cov saum ntawm cov ntoo yog luv luv, narrowly conical. Sub firpine muaj ib tug, tus nplaum me periderm grey xim. Sab saum toj ntawm rab koob yog matte nyom xiav, thiab hauv qab muaj ob kab txaij dawb. Cov koob ntus ob kab. Subalpine fir muaj cylindrical cones, ripening tshwm sim txhua xyoo thaum lub yim hli ntuj. Muaj ntau hom roob roob, tsim rau zoo nkauj cultivation. 
Argentea - roob fir nrog koob koob. Glauka yog ib lub noob qoob qis muaj li 12 meters siab, nrog rau cov yas hauv qab thiab cov hlau ntoo lossis xiav xiav. Cov ntaub ntawv cog lus - tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab thiab ib nrab ntawm qhov siab uas muaj qhov dav, zoo-ceg ntoo. Koob koob tshev nyiaj-saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, nrog rau cov kab xev nplaum rau hauv qab. Cov duab ntawm lub koob yog zoo li ib tug neeg mob, ntev 3 cm. Tsawg-loj hlob ntau yam yog dav faib ntawm cov amateur gardeners. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Young fir seedlings rau lub caij ntuj no yuav tsum tau them, vim hais tias lawv yog cov ntshai ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts.
Kauslim fir
Nws hlob nyob rau roob toj li ntawm ib puas mus txog 1850 metres saum hiav txwv theem ntawm sab qab teb ntawm Kauslim Peninsula thiab Jeju Island. Discovered no hom ntawm fir nyob rau hauv 1907. Lub seedling tsis loj hlob saum toj 15 meters. Cov menyuam yaus ua ntej daj thiab ces xim liab, uas muaj nyias villi. Cov koob yog luv luv, saum yog ci iab ntsuab hauv xim, hauv qab yog dawb. Cones zoo nkauj ci xiav nrog ib tug liab tint xim. Kauslim fir yog nce qeeb, lub caij ntuj no-hardy. 
Kaus mom ntau hom xws li Blue Standard yog cov thoob plaws - siab ntoo nrog cones ntawm tsaus lilac xim; Brevifolia - ib tsob ntoo nrog ib tug sib npaug crown, hav iav-ntsuab nyob rau sab saum toj thiab grey-dawb koob nyob rau hauv qab, me me ntshav pluav; Silberzverg yog ib qho qis, qoj zuj zus ntawm cov ntoo nrog koob nyiaj dawb, koob sib dhos thiab luv, ceg ntoo ceg ntoo; Piccolo yog lub voj voog txog peb caug centimeters siab, ncav ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib lub thiab ib nrab ntawm lub plhaub nrog cov kab xev yas, cov koob ntawm ib tsob ntoo tsaus nti.
Fir siab (noble)
Fir siab ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 100 meters. Lub teb chaw ntawm lub noble fir yog thaj feem ntawm North America. Kev loj hlob cheeb tsam - dej hav thiab maj mam nqes hav nyob ze dej hiav txwv. Qhov no yog suab tshaj plaws ntawm fir. Nws muaj ib lub khob suab zoo nkauj thaum lub noob ntoo yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, thiab nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm seedling lub crown yuav ua dome-puab. Juveniles muaj grey-xim av periderm, thiab laus dua seedlings muaj xim av dub, them nrog oblong tawg periderm. 
Cov ceg ntoo ntawm cov txiv ntseej-ntsuab los yog xim liab-xim daj, hauv rab phom. Cov ceg ntoo qub. Koob yog me me, nkhaus ntawm lub hauv paus. Sab saum toj ntawm lub koob yog ci ntsa iab ntsuab thiab hauv qab yog grey. Cov duab ntawm lub cones yog oblong-cylindrical, ntev txog li 12 cm, inch 4 cm Tsis mature cones ntawm emerald los yog liab-xim av xim, tab sis matured tsaus xim av-grey tar. Lub neej ntev ntawm lub tsob ntoo noble yog txog 250 xyoo. Sapling hlob sai sai.
Koj puas paub? Periderm, koob thiab cov ntses ntawm fir yog siv los ua lam tshuaj. Lawv muaj cov roj ntsha tseem ceeb thiab cov tannins.
Fir Wicha
Lub teb chaws ntawm fir yog Central Japan, nws cov vaj tse yog cov roob. Qhov siab yog li plaub caug metres. Cov ceg ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog luv luv, perpendicular mus rau lub pob tw, lub crown yog pyramid-puab. Lub cev yog them nrog ib tus kabmob ntawm cov xim dawb-xim. Cov tub ntxhais hluas kev loj hlob yog them nrog pubescent periderm ntawm grey los yog emerald xim. 
Cov koob yog mos, me ntsis curved, tsis tshaj li 2.5 cm. Cov saum lub hau ntawm cov koob yog ci iab ntsuab, hauv qab no yog dai kom zoo nrog cov mis nyuj. Qhov ntev ntawm lub cones yog kwv yees li 7 cm Qhov hnyav cones ntawm liab-bluish-liab doog xim nrog lub sij hawm tau txais ib xim chestnut. Cov nroj tsuag yog lub caij ntuj no-hardy, ceev ceev-loj hlob, resistant rau haus luam yeeb.
Firara Fir
Lub birthplace ntawm no hom ntawm fir yog North America. Qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo yog 25 meters, lub crown yog pyramid-puab los yog conical. Cov tub ntxhais hluas lub cev ntawm cov hluav taws raug them nrog periderm grey, thiab lub cev qub yog liab nrog ceg ntoo ntawm daj-grey. Cov koob yog luv luv, ci tsaus ntsuab saum toj no thiab silvery hauv qab. Cones yog luv luv zoo nkauj, paub tab liab-xim av xim. 
Cov nroj tsuag yog lub caij ntuj no-hardy, tab sis tsis zam cua pa phem. Frasera fir yog siv rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj, chaw ua si tom hav zoov thiab suburban cheeb tsam. Muaj ib lub thawv nrog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm ceg ntoo - Fraser's fir yog prostrate.
Siberian fir
Lub teb chaw ntawm lub Sib Sib sab sab yog Siberia. Nyob rau hauv teb yog tsawg. Qhov nroj tsuag qhov siab tsis tshaj peb caug metres. Sab saum toj ntawm lub taub hau yog nqaim, zoo li qub. Cov ceg yog nyias, txo qis rau hauv av. Lub periderm nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub pob tw yog tawg, nyob rau sab saum toj yog tsis ntxhib, tsaus grey. Tua them nrog tuab pawg. Cov kaus hniav yog muag muag, nqaim thiab tawg ntawm qhov kawg, mus txog 3 centimeters nyob ntev.
Fir kuj yog siv ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv kev loj hlob. Rau tsim ntawm ib tug laj kab nyob rau hauv zoo tsim nyog: magonia, larch, juniper, hawthorn, barberry, rhododendron, lilac, rosehip, cotoneaster, daj acacia.
Cov xim ntawm cov koob yog tsaus ntsuab ci ci rau saum thiab ob lub mis ntawm cov kua mis ntawm sab hauv. Siberian fir hloov nws rab koob ib zaug hauv 11 xyoo. Cones yog ntseg, cylindrical, thawj lub teeb xim av los yog lub teeb liab, thiab ces lub teeb xim av. Cov nroj tsuag yog lub caij ntuj no-hardy, ntxoov ntxoo-siab ntev. Muaj Siberian xiav, dawb, motley. Lawv sib txawv hauv cov xim koob xwb.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Fir tsis tau cog rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo, txij li thaum nws cov crown yog tag nrho tsim nkaus xwb nrog lub teeb illumination.
Dawb Fir (European)
Dawb fir yog ib tsob nroj uas loj tuaj mus txog 65 meters nrog lub cev taub ntim ntawm ib mus txog ib nrab thiab ib nrab. Sab saum toj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog khi-puab. Periderm yog xim dawb-grey nrog cov liab tint xim. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm European fir fir ntsuab los yog lub teeb chestnut xim, nrog lub sij hawm ua grey-chestnut. Cov koob yog tsaus ntsuab, silvery hauv qab no. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov European fir yog lub teb chaws ntawm Central thiab Southern Europe. Tsob ntoo hlob qeeb, tsis nyiam cua hlob. 
Npas myra
Keeb kwm los ntawm Nyiv. Outwardly, Mira fir yog zoo li Sakhalin. Qhov siab nws txawv ntawm 25 mus rau 35 metres. Sab saum toj ntawm tsob ntoo yog ib lub pob txha conical. Nrog rau hnub nyoog, periderm tig los ntawm cov phev tsis zoo rau hauv kev ntxhib nrog nrog transverse bar-zoo li ib ncig. Koob yog me thiab nqaim, muaj ib qho xim ntsuab. Lub cones yog teem vertically nyob rau hauv pab pawg ntawm liab-xim av xim. Qhov chaw yug ntawm myra fir yog sab hnub poob ntawm Hokkaido. Fir yog nyuaj, ntxoov ntxoo, siab hlob hauv cov tiaj ua si thiab hav zoov hav zoov.
