Raspberries ntau Kirzhach tau ntev tau zus nyob rau hauv dacha thaj av ntawm ntau tus neeg. Nws tsis txawv nyob rau hauv tej yam uas muaj los saum ntuj los, tiam sis vim nws qhov qub txeeg qub teg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kho mob tshwj xeeb kuj tsis tas yuav tsum muaj. Yog li ntawd, qhov no ntau hom kab mob raspberry yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv peb lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav qhia yuav ua li cas cog thiab loj hlob ib lub shrub nrog delicious raspberries.
Kev piav qhia thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb
Raws li cov lus qhia txog botanical, Raspberry Kirzhach belongs rau lub tsev neeg Rosy ntawm Rubus tsev neeg, thiab tus menyuam yug Lavxias teb sab V. Kitchin muab cov nplooj me me ntau yam, nws tau txais kev txhim kho zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev Register ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, cov nroj tsuag twb officially sau npe nyob rau hauv 1994.
Cov nroj tsuag tsis txawv hauv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj loj. Tshaj yav dhau los 20 xyoo, ntau ntau yam ntawm raspberry tau tsim, uas muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ntau loj ntau thiab tsawg. Tab sis Kirzhach tau ntev tau tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub lag luam thiab yog tseem nrov vim nws unpretentiousness nyob rau hauv cov huab cua puag thiab pub mis.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej cog Kirzhach raspberry cultivars, cov av yuav tsum tau kho nrog tooj liab sulfate daws. Nws yog ib qho zoo heev antiseptic, thiaj li hais tias koj raspberry jam yuav tsis cuam tshuam ntau microorganisms.Qhov ntau yam ntawm raspberries twb pom rau lub Volga-Vyatka, North-Western thiab Central thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Kirzhach lub noob muaj cov yam ntxwv uas zoo tagnrho rau kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia. Txawm li cas los, lub nroj yog notable rau nws txoj kev loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Ukraine, Belarus, thiab Caucasus.
Tsis kam txais mus rau qhov loj heev frosts txo nws hwj ib tug txiav npluav nyob rau cultivation ntawm ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Siberian ntawm Russia. Vim hais tias nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, Kirzhach yog ntau ntau txaus siab nyob rau hauv pib xyaum ua teb, tab sis nyob rau hauv loj nroj tsuag, raspberries yog xyaum tsis siv.
Kirzhach yog ntau yam ntawm raspberry medium ripening. Berries loj hlob on dhau xyoo lub tua. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo deev yuav siv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj (qee zaum tom qab, nyob ntawm thaj av ntawm cov sau qoob). Muaj ib tug ncaj zoo tawm los nrog ib tug nruab nrab qhov loj ntawm berries - 70-100 c / Ha.
Raspberry Bush yog heev haib, nruab nrab-ntau nrog ib tug me me ntawm lub teeb liab doog pos. Txhua xyoo tua upright, ntsuab nrog ib tug tshim txheej. Ob xyoo tua ua lignified, tab sis tsis tu tsis tseg dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj daim ntawv ntawm lub pob blunt, uas them nrog me ntsis cia, xim yog ci liab, thiab thaum tag nrho matured nws yog richly crimson. Lub tasting commission nyob rau ntawm tsib-point scale tau Kirzhach ntawm 4.3 ntsiab lus. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj qab zib thiab qab ntxiag saj nrog me ntsis qaub. Kev siv ntawm aroma yog nruab nrab, qhov tsis hnov tsw zoo li lub pob zeb thiab qab ntsev hav zoov hav tsuag.
Qhov no raspberry jam muaj zoo thauj, lub caij ntuj no tsis kam yog nruab nrab nruab nrab. Qhov ntau yam yog resistant rau anthracnose thiab kab laug sab mites. Nws muaj ib qho tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kabmob ua rog, cov kab mob hauv paus thiab kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab liab.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog cultivation lwm yam raspberry ntau yam: "Polka", "Cumberland", "Caramel", "Yellow Giant", "Heracles", "Atlant", "Gusar" thiab Tarusa raspberry ntoo.
Raspberry cog technology
Cog raspberries los ntawm txoj cai technology kom zoo heev shrub yields tshaj lub xyoo. Yog li ntawd, tam sim no peb yuav xyuas nyob rau hauv kom meej lub intricacies ntawm tsaws Kirzhach.
Qhov chaw loj hlob
Yuav tsum tau cog shrubs nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo meej los ntawm tshav ntuj. Raspberry hlub ntau ntawm lub hnub thiab tawm los ncaj qha nyob ntawm nws. Yog tias koj cog ib qho nroj tsuag hauv ib qho chaw ntxoov ntxoo los yog ib qho chaw ntxoov ntxoo, ces nws cov ris tsho yuav pib ncab, thaiv qhov nkag ntawm lub hnub rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Thiab qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov ntau thiab qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo.
Raspberry Bush yuav tsum zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm muaj zog cua thiab drafts. Xav tias Kirzhach nce mus txog ib qhov siab ntawm 2-2.5 m, nws tsis pom zoo kom cog nws ze ntawm lub txaj, raws li nws yuav tsim ib tug duab ntxoov ntxoo. Kev tsaws ze cov pas dej lossis av yog qhov tseem tsis tau. Nyob rau hauv xws li qhov chaw, raspberries yuav ntau ntau puas los ntawm cov kab mob.
Koj puas paub? Russia yog lub ntiaj teb tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv loj hlob thiab muag raspberries.Los ntawm hom ntawm av raspberry tshwj xeeb tshaj yog unpretentious, nws yuav loj hlob zoo rau loamy xau thiab on dub av. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account acidity ntawm cov av, nws yuav tsum txawv li ntawm 5.7-6.5 pH. Nws yuav zoo yog tias ntawm qhov chaw uas koj yuav cog ntoo, ras los yog legumes twb tau cog noob.
Lub sijhawm zoo
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cog crimson nroj tsuag, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nyob ntawm seb qhov climatic cheeb tsam uas koj yuav cog lawv. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm mus rau av yuav Cuaj hlis - thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj. Lub caij nplooj zeeg cog tso cai rau cov nroj tsuag noj paus hauv cov av mus rau thawj qhov te, thiab los ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav los pib loj hlob.
Nyob rau sab qab teb, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog kub thiab tsis ntub heev, yog li raspberry bushes yuav pib thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij txawm ua ntej lawv cov keeb kwm noj paus nyob rau hauv cov av, thiab no feem ntau ua rau tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws nws yog zoo dua cog raspberries nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nov yog cim los ntawm qhov zoo thiab lub caij nyoog ntev, uas cuam tshuam rau kev hloov ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm lub tsaws yog zoo dua tsis mus. Ntawm no frosts feem ntau tuaj ua ntej ntawm lub sij hawm, thiab txawm yog hais tias lub snow ntog thaum lub sij hawm tsis ncaj ncees lawm, lub shrub yeej tsis siv paus.
Raws li kev paub qhia, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws Kirzhach yog zoo dua cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, uas yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj. Ua ntej thawj Frost, cov nroj tsuag muaj lub sij hawm los khom cia, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws feem ntau nkag lub caij loj hlob.
Tsaws qauv
Raspberries cog nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo npaj. Lub fossa yuav tsum yog ntawm qhov tob uas rhizome ob lub raum tob los ntawm yam tsawg kawg 3 cm. Nws yog tsim nyog rau sprinkle lub keeb kwm ntawm Bush nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb thiab humus. Ua ntej cog, lub keeb kwm ntawm shrub yuav tsum tau kho nrog ntoo tshauv, xws li kev ua yuav tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau hauv paus system los ntawm kab mob microorganisms.
Kirzhach feem ntau cuam tshuam paus cancer, yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog bushes kom deb li deb tau los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm nruab nrab ntawm raspberry bushes yuav 25-35 cm nyob rau hauv ib tug kab, thiab 45-55 cm ntawm kab. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug loj dacha, ces txhua tus ntawm mus ncua tau tseem yuav tau nce los ntawm 10-15 cm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yog hais tias nws yog densely cog shrubs, ces nyob rau sau nws yuav nyuaj rau tau nyob ze rau lawv. Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog cov av yog ntshaw kom mulch. Straw, humus los yog sawdust yog zoo haum raws li mulch.
Tsis ntev los no, ntau yam ntawm remontant raspberries tau ua nce nrov.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntau yam nyiam: tu nta
Qhov no yog ntawm raspberry tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog fascinating rau frequent watering, weeding, pub, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los, nrog ib co technology ntawm kev saib xyuas, tus tawm los ntawm Kirzhach yuav ua tau nce ntau.
Watering
Watering raspberries yog xav tau kom nws cov hauv paus system yuav nquag loj hlob tob rau hauv av. Lub hauv paus system yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom nquag plias nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm lub xyoo xyoo kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis thiab thawj xyoo ntawm lub Rau Hli.
Yog hais tias lub shrub yog sab laug yam tsis muaj watering, ces nws pib tawm tawm ntau ntawm tua thiab ntxiv nplooj, uas adversely cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo. Tshaj dhau cov nplooj thiab tua cia cov nroj tsuag nqus cov dej noo uas lawv xav tau los ntawm huab cua. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov no los ntawm kev tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm peb tau qhia saum toj no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau dej raspberry bushes nrog tshwj xeeb kev kho mob.
Thaum ywg dej koj yuav tsum nqa mus rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov tseeb hais tias lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau soaked nrog dej 30-35 cm tob. Suav tus nqi dej rau cov dej li nram no: ib qho dej kaum-litres dej yuav tsum tau muab nchuav rau ib qho kev khiav ntawm ib kab ntawm kab txaij.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tom qab watering, nco ntsoov loosen cov av, lwm yam ib tug ntom crust yuav tsim.Yog hais tias lub caij ntuj sov yog kub thiab qhuav, ces thaum lub sij hawm peb lub caij ntuj sov lub raspberries yuav tsum tau watered 6-8 lub sij hawm. Thawj zaug watering yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May, thiab kawg - nyob rau hauv lig Lub yim hli ntuj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov dej yuav tsum yog tib yam nkaus.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag kom zoo noj nrog cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv, nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug nplua nuj thiab high-quality qoob loo. Plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog lwm txoj hnav khaub ncaws. Thaum nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav koj yuav loosen cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub bushes, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug mullein nrog lub xam ntawm 8 kg ib square Meter ntawm av.
Txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thawj caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau ib tug raspberry), urea yuav tsum tau ntxiv nyob rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 g ib 10 l dej. Nws stimulates qhov kev loj hlob ntawm raspberries thiab txhawb nws txoj kev tiv thaiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov nroj tsuag ntawm Kirzhach thaum lub caij lawv cov paj ntoo. Rau lub hom phiaj no, boric acid yog siv, uas yog yaj hauv dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 20 g ntawm acid mus rau 10 liv dej.
Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib rau, shrubs yuav kho nrog nitrophoska. Nws tseem yog diluted nyob rau hauv dej thiab watered nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush. Nyob rau ntawm 10 liv dej, ntxiv 20-30 g ntawm nitrophoska. Thaum npaj raspberry bushes rau lub caij ntuj no, cov av feem ntau yog dug li. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, superphosphate (25g / 10l ntawm dej) thiab poov tshuaj chloride (10-15 g / 10l ntawm dej) yuav tsum tau siv rau cov av.
Pruning
Txiav raspberries yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, sai li sai tau tom qab lub snow melts. Koj yuav tsum rho txhua yam muaj tus kab mob, tawg, qaug zog thiab tshaj tawm. Thinning raspberries yog tau los ntawm ntau txoj kev, nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas lub raspberry yog cog (Bush los yog ntau).
Koj puas paub? Thawj cov lus hais ntawm cov hnub nyoog ras rov qab mus rau koob thib 3 xyoo pua BC. Thiab Roman Cato tus Txwj Laug tau hais txog nws hauv nws cov lus.Tag nrho cov qhuav thiab laus tua yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv lub heev hauv av. Tsis txhob cia cov pob txha, tsis li ces lawv yuav kis tau tus kab mob los yog cov kab mob phem uas tom qab tua tau cov kab mob zoo. Ncau ceg uas raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej thawj zaug kev noj qab haus huv tua. Qee lub sij hawm, nrog heev ntom nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau luv thiab nyob tua tua, pub kom lub berries tej zaum yuav me me.
Yog hais tias tus raspberry yog cog los ntawm Bush method, ces sim tawm tawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 10 tua ib Bush. Txwv tsis pub, tus nroj tsuag tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Raspberries, uas loj hlob nrog txoj kev zoo tib yam, yuav tsum tau txiav kom qhov deb ntawm bushes yog txog 10 cm Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau ntxiv garter shrubs.
Tying tuaj
Muaj ntau tus gardeners ntseeg tias tying raspberries tsuas yog tsim nyog thiaj li hais tias nws tsis loj hlob mus rau hauv lub aisle. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb. Garter Kirzhach muab ntau yam zoo. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias lub raspberry bushes yog kom khi li, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob kab mob yog sai li sai tau.
Nrog muaj zog cua, lawg los yog hnyav nag, raspberry tua yuav tawg tsawg dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog yooj yim dua thiab ntau yooj yim kom tuaj tos txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tug zoo khi raspberry.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nrog ib tug heev tuab cog ntawm raspberry bushes, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob bacterial root cancer yog cuam tshuam los ntawm hauv paus system.Rau garter ntawm zaub, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nruab pillars txog ob meters siab raws kab. Koj muaj peev xwm muab lub ncej thiab saum toj no, vim hais tias ntau yam Kirzhach ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 2.5 m. Cov ncej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 3-4 m.
Tom ntej no nyob rau hauv cov posts koj yuav tsum tau rub lub xaim (lub cheeb 3-4 mm). Cov xaim no yuav ua kom sib txawv hauv kev sib txawv, tiam sis txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov no: peb ncab ib lub xaim ntawm qhov siab ntawm 60-70 cm ntawm hauv av, lwm qhov - 1.3-1.4 m los ntawm hauv av. Thaum lub garter yog tsim nyog los npaj lub tua thiaj li hais tias 70 tua haum 7 tua.
Yuav ua li cas npaj lub nroj tsuag rau lub caij ntuj no
Nyob rau hauv lig lub caij ntuj no, ua ntej pib ntawm frosts, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub raspberries yuav tsum tau kho nrog mulch. Straw, sawdust, peat los yog humus yuav siv tau ua mulch. Mulch txheej yuav tsum yog 10-15 cm tuab. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm peb lub teb chaws, nyob qhov twg lub raspberry ntawm Kirzhach yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Frost, ib txheej ntawm mulch yuav tsum 15-25 cm.
Ntxiv nrog rau liab raspberries, gardeners kuj feem ntau loj hlob dub thiab daj raspberries nyob rau hauv vaj thaj av.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm nuance npaj raspberries rau lub caij ntuj no yog nws khoov rau hauv av. Tua kab yuav tsum raug khi nrog hlua thiab khi rau hauv qab xaim ntawm txoj kev rau tying. Tom qab khoov cia, lub raspberries yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 40-50 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Qhov no yog ua kom thiaj li tua ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis khov. Tom qab muab pov tseg, lawv yuav npog ib txheej txheej daus, uas yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntuj ceeb tsheej.
Yog tias snowless winters prevail hauv koj cheeb tsam, ces shrubs yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev dag. Rau qhov koj tuaj yeem siv tau nonwoven npog cov khoommus khi rau cov qauv tsim. Ib co gardeners siv waterproof plywood sau raws li Cross.
Pros thiab cons qoob
Main Kirzhach tus yam ntxwv zoo:
- Zoo zoo berries. Differs nyob rau hauv zoo saj cov yam ntxwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim nws txoj kev kub siab, nws muaj kev thauj zoo kawg nkaus, uas ua rau nws siv tau ntau hom kab mob raspberry rau kev lag luam.
- Cov tshuaj tsw qab yog reminiscent ntawm hav zoov raspberries. Ib tug hav zoov raspberry yog heev ntau txaus siab ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm no Berry kab lis kev cai.
- Raspberry ntau unpretentious mus rau av tej yam kev mob.
- Tsis tas yuav tsum tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Tuav tawm yog tsim nyog rau cov rooj plaub yog tias koj xav kom ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom tsim tau.
- Qhov loj me me ntawm berries piv rau cov tshiab khiv bred ntau yam.
- Phem lub caij ntuj no nyuaj. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb, koj yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb Cross rau lub caij ntuj no.
Kev yug me nyuam cov cai
Lub raspberry breeds ntsuab los yog paus cuttings. Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus rau propagate shrub nrog ntsuab cuttings, ces qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau qhov no yog lub caij ntuj sov. Txiav qhov ntsuab cuttings xav tau nyob rau ntawm hauv paus. Tom qab ntawd, cog khoom yog shortened mus rau 7-10 cm, lowered rau hauv kev daws mus tsim kho lub keeb kwm rau 12-15 teev. Cov hauv paus loj hlob stimulants yuav xws li: "Kornevin", "Heteroauxin", indolylbutyric acid, thiab lwm yam.
Tom ntej no, lub cuttings yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv tsev xog paj los yog nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis, kom ib tug tas mus li kub (22-25 ° C) thiab humidity. Nws yuav zoo yog hais tias koj tseem nruab ib lub installation huab. Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj xws li ib lub caij nyoog, ces cov tub ntxhais hluas cuttings yuav tsum tau watered tsis tu ncua. Tag nrho rooting ntawm cuttings yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 30-35 hnub. Tom qab no, cov nroj tsuag nrog rau lub tsev cog khoom av tau cog rau hauv ib qho chaw mus tas li.
Koj puas paub? Muaj ib tug liab txiv ntseej. Rau thawj lub sij hawm nws yog artificially hla hauv Geneva hauv 1893.Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau yug cuttings paus cuttings - caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus system nrog ib tug sab ceg yog hu ua lub hauv paus kov. Tom qab kev sib cais, nws yog tam sim ntawd haum rau cog. Tab sis nws yog zoo dua cog nws nyob rau hauv lub sov lub caij, thaum huab cua kub tau twb tau tsim (txog 22-25 ° C). Nyob rau hauv thawj ob lub lim tiam, paus cuttings xav niaj zaus watering. Tom qab 20-25 hnub, lub cuttings yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab kom meej hauv cov av.
Raws li koj tau pom, ntau yam "Kirzhach" tsis muaj kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem zoo siab nrog nws cov qab berries. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau cov khoom siv loj, ces yuav tsum ua ib co hauj lwm, thiab nws yuav ua tsaug rau koj.
